Abstract:
Smoke act as a promoter of seed germination, that the active compound in it called butenolide 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one and this last effect on post germination and germination on different plant species. The present study reports on the effect of butenolide on seed germination and seedling growth on four plant species that are: Solanum lycopersicum L, Lens culinaris L, Lepidium Sativum L and Hordeum vulgare L. Study chromosomal abnormalities on Allium cepa L. tip roots. Results of seed germination and seedling growth showed significality different concentrations of butenolide had no effect on, Lepidium Sativum L. and Hordeum vulgare L., but; in the case of Solanum lycopersicum L. had a perfictal effect on seed germination and seedling growth. However Lens culinaris L. in both seed germination and seedling growth gave good results under low concentrations of butenolide. Tomato seeds soaking in different of butenolide solutions for 24 hours prior to planting, significantly improved root and fresh weight after 60 days, the number of leaves survival were also greater in some of butenolide treated plants. The effect on Allium cepa L.tip roots gave inhibition in Mitotic index (MI) at low concentrations of butenolide and appeared many different abnormalities chromosomes when the seeds soaking in different concentrations of butenolide such as: sticky metaphase, lagging chromosome, binucleated cell, Anaphase and Telophase bridge.
