Papers

Potential risk factors associated with dental caries among Libyan children

Wed, 25 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Potential risk factors associated with dental caries among Libyan children Rasmia, M Huew; Sukaina, B Elsheibani; Khadeejah, S Buzaribah; Eman, K Mansur Aims: To investigate any association between the experience of dental caries and its potential risk factors in Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolchildren in Benghazi. A random sample of 8-10-year-old children underwent dental examination. Data on dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, parents’ educational levels were obtained by a survey. Dental caries was assessed using WHO recommendations. The data were entered and managed by using SPSS software version 25. Results: For the whole sample (372) caries prevalence was 86.6%. The experience of caries increased with increasing the frequency of sugared dietary items consumption. This was not statistically significant association. Of the sample; 37.9% who had experience of caries consumed sugared dietary items with frequency of twice per day, 28.0% with frequency once per day, and 18.0% with frequency of two or three times per week. The experience of caries decreased with increasing the frequency of tooth brushing; 21.90% of the subjects with caries reported frequency of tooth brushing of two or more per day, 32.30% with frequency of once per day. Girls reported a higher frequency of tooth brushing than boys. The experience of caries decreased with parents’ increasing educational level. Conclusions: The present findings have important implications for public health strategy and further studies. More research is also necessary to explore the effectiveness of various interventions whether diet or oral hygiene practice or parents’ educational levels in experience of caries in children from different social and cultural backgrounds.

Concordance between Libyan Child and Parent Self‑Reports of Oral‑Health‑Related Quality of Life

Tue, 31 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Concordance between Libyan Child and Parent Self‑Reports of Oral‑Health‑Related Quality of Life Eman, K. M. Mansur; William, Murray Thomson; Khadeejah, S. H. Buzaribah; Sukaina, B. Elsheibani Background: Measuring oral health‑related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a person‑centered approach to investigating oral health. Proxy reports by parents or caregivers were used for assessing children’s health‑related quality of life (HRQoL) for decades. Using appropriate questionnaire techniques, it has become possible to get valid and reliable information from children about 8 years of age. Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the OHRQoL of 8–10‑year‑old Libyan schoolchildren from viewpoints of both the children and their parents, in order to evaluate the concordance between child and parent ratings. Materials and Methods: This is a cross‑sectional study using a representative sample of 303 8–10‑year‑old Libyan schoolchildren. Data were collected using Arabic versions of the Child Perception Questionnaire for 8–10‑year‑old children (CPQ8–10) and the Parent‑caregiver Perception Questionnaire (P‑CPQ8). Participants were examined for both traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and dental caries. Questions about the mother’s and father’s educational levels and current occupations were also asked, along with information on the child’s age and sex. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). The alpha value was 0.05. Results: The mean CPQ8–10 score was 3.5 ± 4.2 (range: 0–18) overall, and those who had had caries experience or a TDI had higher CPQ8–10 scores, on average. The mean P‑CPQ8 score was 7.5 ± 5.4 (range 0–27), and there were no apparent differences by parental education or employment status. The association between child and parental ratings of the children’s OHRQoL was weak. The parents overestimated OHRQoL relative to their children’s self‑assessments. Conclusions: There is relatively low agreement between Libyan children and parents in their responses to OHRQoL scales, particularly in cases where that impact is greater. Where possible, if the aim is to obtain a more complete picture of the impact of a child’s oral state on his/her life, both child and parental reports should be used.

Deciduous and permanent dental caries status among primary schoolchildren of Libya: A cross-sectional study

Tue, 01 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Deciduous and permanent dental caries status among primary schoolchildren of Libya: A cross-sectional study Rasmia, M Huew; Sukaina, B Elsheibani; Khadeejah, S Buzaribah; Eman, K Mansur Aim: to assess prevalence and severity of dental caries (DMFT for permanent dentition and dmft for primary dentition) among Libyan children. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study including a random sample of 372 children was conducted in Benghazi. Experience of dental caries was assessed by decayed, missing, and filled teeth DMFT and dmft indices using WHO criteria of diagnosing dental caries. The data were entered and managed by using SPSS software version 25. Descriptive analysis of the data including frequencies, percentages and means of school-children's decayed, missing and filled components was performed. Results: Overall dental caries prevalence was 86.6%. The mean DMFT and dmft indices were 0.86 and 2.78 for all 372 subjects amongst which major contributor was decayed component. Considering only subjects with caries experience (322), mean DMFT and dmft indices were 1.00 and 3.21, respectively. Higher prevalence of dmft scores was observed than DMFT scores in all subjects and in subjects with caries experience. For all subjects DMFT, the Decay index was 89.5%, Missing index was 3.5% and Care index was 6.7%. For all subjects dmft, the Decay index was 89.9%, Missing index was 7.9% and Care index was 2.1%. Conclusions: Caries prevalence was high considering the World Health Organization future oral health goals. Although the prevalence in the study sample is high, Care index is unacceptably low. The findings stress on the need to treat the children at the initial stages of caries development with preventive approaches. Providing and implementing preventive and educational programs for controlling dental caries are necessary.

Variable morphology of Mandibular First Molar roots and canals: A Literature Review

Tue, 02 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Variable morphology of Mandibular First Molar roots and canals: A Literature Review Khadeejah, S Buzaribah; Randa, F Salih; Aisha, G Areibi A precise knowledge of the anatomical characteristics of the various types of human teeth and their possible morphological variations is considered one of the fundamental elements for a successful treatment in various subjects of dentistry especially in endodontic. Studies revealed that improper exploration of all canals of an endodontically treated tooth for subsequent disinfection and obturation may result in failure of the endodontic therapy. Over the years, there have been numerous researches and studies that described the morphology of all teeth including mandibular first molar. The root canals of permanent mandibular first molar in human dentitions exhibit extensive anatomical variations and abnormalities in its number and configuration. Profound understanding and thorough knowledge of both normal and abnormal anatomy considered as a critical factor in determining the success of endodontic therapy. The endodontic treatment of multi-rooted teeth was always a challenging task for dental practitioners. Therefore, a successful endodontic therapy should be always combined by a thorough knowledge as well as the use of specialized and innovated techniques for diagnosis, debridement and obturation. The current review article attempts to list out all the variations of permanent mandibular first molar root canal number in more than thirty studies and case reports published so far.

Materials and Techniques used by General Dental Practitioners in Libya during Endodontic Treatment of Permanent Molar Teeth

Sat, 04 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Materials and Techniques used by General Dental Practitioners in Libya during Endodontic Treatment of Permanent Molar Teeth Randa, F Salih; Khadeejah, S. H. Buzaribah; Naeima, M Betamar; Fatma, Asheibi Aim: To investigate the current trends in routine endodontic treatment of molar teeth performed by Libyan general dental practitioners (GDPs). Materials and methods: A total of 750 structured questioners enquiring about various aspects of endodontic treatment were dispersed among GDPs who work in public and private clinics in five major Libyan cities (Tripoli, Benghazi, Sabha, Misrata, Albida). Results: Of the 750 questionnaires, 337 completed replies were received. The response rate was 44.9%. Amongst those 88.1% performed endodontic treatment for molar teeth, while 11.9% mentioned that they refe difficult clinical cases to endodontic specialists. 21.1% of GDPs used rubber dam for isolation. About 95.3% used radiograph for working length determination and only 4.7% used apex locater. More than half of participants (58.2%) never found MB2 canal in upper molars, and only 2% of them used magnification tools during root canal treatment. The majority of GDPs (90.8%) used sodium hypochlorite as an intra-canal irrigant, while calcium hydroxide was used by 60.5% of GDPs as an intra-canal medicament, followed by formocresol (39.5%).The step-back and crown-down preparation techniques were the methods of choice in this study with a percentage of 61.4% and 24.9% respectively. Hand instruments were used by 64.4% and rotary instruments were used by 35.6% of the GDPs. Cold lateral condensation was used by 76.6%, while the rest used single cone technique for obturation. Zinc oxide eugenol was used by 73.9%. The majority of the GDPs completed root canal treatment in three visits or even more (85.4%). Conclusions: Majority of Libyan GDPs performed root canal treatment for molar teeth starting with pre-operative radiograph, used variety of endodontic materials and techniques, and implemented new materials and technologies when they became obtainable. Yet, most GDPs used step-back technique for canal preparation and lateral condensation for obturation. Few GDPs used rubber dam which highlights the importance of applying policy and regulations for good-quality practice.

Radiographic Assessment of Distomolar Prevalence in Patients Attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi

Mon, 01 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Radiographic Assessment of Distomolar Prevalence in Patients Attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi Aisha, Areibi; Aziza, Eltira; Fowziya, Ali Background: Extra teeth are usually seen in any area of mandible and maxilla. The distomolar is an extra tooth that occurs in both jaws distal to the third molar, where various studies pointed to assess the occur-rence of distomolars in various people. Objectives: Aimed to estimate the frequency of distomolars in teeth of patient attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi Methods: A total of 3989 panoramic radiographs were examined for patient’s age ranged from 20 years and above. The presences, location and shape of distomolars were studied. There were 1432 women and 2557 men. Results: The outcomes of the study showed that distomolars were detected in 0.18% of the examined people. The extra teeth were noticed in both genders with frequency 0.08% in men and 0.10% in women. In total, 9 extra teeth were detected in 7 patients. Upper jaw distomolars were more frequently observed than lower one. Distomolars in both quadrants of the jaw were found in one female patient and two distomolars were found in another one. All distomolars were impacted. Conclusions: Even though the occurrence of the extra teeth is a little, initial exploration and management are significantly diminish or avoid problems, such as late eruption, non-eruption of teeth, ectopic eruption, abnormal root development or resorption of neighbouring teeth, crowding and cystic lesions.

The Prevalence of Upper Midline Diastema in Benghazi-Libya

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

The Prevalence of Upper Midline Diastema in Benghazi-Libya Huda, Elmehdawi; Fathia, Hammad Background and aims. The localized space between central incisors in upper jaw is termed as midline diastema. The midline diastema is typical part of normal dental development during the period of mixed dentition (self-limiting). The continuing presence of the diastema between the maxillary central incisors in adult often is considered an esthetic or malocclusion problem. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of midline diastema among a sample of Libyan patients and to find out whether it's more common in males or females. Methods. The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, university of Benghazi on a randomly selected 562 individuals (149 males and 413 females) to investigate the prevalence of midline diastema among them. The measurements in current study were carried out directly on patient’s examination. The age of the subject’s study ranged from (16-32 years; average 24 years). Results. A total of 562 patients were screened, among which midline diastema was present in 5.34% (30) of the cases. Conclusion. From 562 OPD patients in orthodontic Department patients, only 5.34% had midline maxillary diastema, while 94.66% were normal means without midline maxillary diastema. With no statistical difference between males and females.

Prevalence of Medical Conditions among Dental Patients in Benghazi

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Prevalence of Medical Conditions among Dental Patients in Benghazi Huda, El Mehdawi; Saleh, Hamouda ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of medical conditions and its relation to age and gender, among patients requesting dental treatment in private dental clinic, Benghazi University. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on a total of 1192 patients reporting to the private dental clinic of Benghazi University, period from September, 2014 to April, 2016. The patient’s medical history was recorded on a predesigned preformat to find out the type of medical conditions in patients requiring dental treatment .The age range of the study population was from 15 years to 87 years, divided into seven age groups. Results were evaluated to see which medical problem is the most prevalent and to assess its relation to age and gender. Results: This study showed that out of 1192 dental patients, 711 were females and 481 were males. 380 (31.88%) were with medical problems. The five most prevalent conditions in descending order were endocrine diseases which constituted 35.26%, cardiovascular diseases which constituted 27.89%, gastrointestinal disorders (14.73%), hematological disorders (5.79 %) and respiratory conditions (5.79%). Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm that the prevalence of medical conditions is significant among patients requiring dental treatment. Therefore a thorough medical history and careful clinical examination is mandatory before any dental procedure. It seems absolutely essential for dental practitioners to take a detailed medical history prior to any therapeutic procedure, as certain medical conditions, if unnoticed, will lead to unfavorable consequences and /or repercussions.

Styloid Process Elongation, Shape and Calcification Pattern According to Age and Gender

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Styloid Process Elongation, Shape and Calcification Pattern According to Age and Gender MSc, Elmehadwi Huda; Saleh, A. Hamouda; MSc, A.H. Mohamed Khadiga Background: Styloid process (SP) is a slender pointed part of the temporal bone, which is closely related to the stylomastoid foramen. As many important neurovascular structures located near the tip of SP, the elongation or ossification of stylohyoid ligament may be associated with pain related to orofacial region known as Eagle’s syndrome. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of elongated SP, its morphology and calcification pat-tern on digital panoramic radiographs in patients attending the dental clinic of the University of Ben-ghazi. Material and Methods: The digital panoramic radiographs with visible styloid processes of the stud-ied group of patients were studied for their visibility, length and pattern of calcification. The length of styloid processes was measured in the radiograph and was considered elongated if that length ex-ceeded 30 mm. The prevalence and pattern of elongation and calcification were determined according to Langlais classification. Results: Out of the 304 patients (164 are males and 140 are females) examined radiographically, the elongation of SP was detected in 156 (51.31%) of the patients. It was bilateral in 151 (96.79%) cases. There were no significant differences between males and females in regard to the length and shape of SP between in all age groups in both sexes, but the calcification pattern was significantly different between the age groups in both sexes. The outlined pattern of calcification of SP was the most preva-lent especially in the younger age group (10-19 years), while the complete calcification pattern was most commonly detected in the older age group (≥ 60 years). Conclusion: elongated SP whether it is accompanied by pain symptoms or asymptomatic, can easily be detected on a digital panoramic radiograph and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of orofacial pain.

Unilateral Talon Cusp on Primary Lateral incisor in a three-year-old Libyan Girl: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Unilateral Talon Cusp on Primary Lateral incisor in a three-year-old Libyan Girl: A Case Report and Literature Review. Huda, R Elmehdawia Background: Talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly; it is a cusp-like projection appears usually on the palatal surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth in both deciduous and permanent teeth. Case report: A threeyear- old Libyan girl seeks the dentist for carious anterior teeth. On examination: asymptomatic talon cusp on the palatal side of tooth 52 was found. Discussion: Talon cusp is more common in permanent dentition than primary dentition, and is relatively rare in primary maxillary lateral Incisor comparing with the primary maxillary central incisors. Conclusion: Talon cusp is asymptomatic, but it could affect esthetic or interfere with occlusion, and might be a sign for a developmental anomaly in its permanent successors, so early diagnosis and management are important

Effects of Interaction between Cadmium and Selenium on Parotid Glands in Rats (Histopathological and Histochemical Studies)

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Effects of Interaction between Cadmium and Selenium on Parotid Glands in Rats (Histopathological and Histochemical Studies) Aisha, Areibi Purpose: Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main chemical pollutants found in the environment of developed countries. Cigarettes are a significant source of the metal, which makes them notable in terms of oral cavity health. Cadmium, a particularly active xenobiotic, damages cellular metabolism at the level of various enzymatic systems of the cell, which may disturb the functioning of salivary glands. Material and Methods: The experiment presented in this paper was conducted over the period of three months and was conducted on 50 adult male rats. The rats were randomized into five groups. Group 1 (control), Group II received 1/50 Cd alone, Group III received 1/100 Cd, Group IV received Selinum (Se) +1/50 Cd and Group V received Se+ 1/100 Cd. Supplementation during exposure to Cd and Se was administrated in drinking water. Results: The histopathological and histochemical changes of the cells of the parotid gland are most pronounced at Cd concentration while the outcome data confirmed the protective effect of increased Se intake on the parotid gland tissue in chronic Cd exposure. Conclusion: The outcome data confirmed the protective effect of Se intake on the parotid gland tissue in chronic Cd exposure.

Treatment of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Treatment of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes Philip, M. Preshaw; John, J. Taylor; Katrin, M. Jaedicke; Marko, De Jager; Jan, Willem Bikker; Wieke, Selten; Susan, M. Bissett; Kerry, M. Whall; Rachel, van de Merwe; Aisha, Areibi; Paiboon, Jitprasertwong; Rana, Al-Shahwani; Jolanta, Weaver; Roy, Taylor; Rebecca, R. Wassall Aims: To assess the impact of periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 83) and without diabetes (controls, n = 75) were recruited, and participants with periodontitis received periodontal treatment and 12 months’ follow-up. Biomarkers for periodontal inflammation (gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, matrix metalloproteinase-8, matrix metalloproteinase-9, adiponectin) and serum markers of inflammation and diabetes control (glycated haemoglobin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, leptin, adiponectin) were measured. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate periodontal treatment effects on oral and systemic inflammation. Results: Periodontal treatment resulted in significant improvements in clinical status and reductions in gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers from baseline to month 12. Structural equation modelling identified that, at baseline, individuals with diabetes and periodontitis had significantly higher systemic inflammation than non-diabetic controls with periodontitis (Δ = 0.20, p = .002), with no significant differences between groups for oral inflammation. There was a greater reduction in systemic inflammation following periodontal treatment in individuals with diabetes and periodontitis compared to those with periodontitis but not diabetes (Δ = −0.25, p = .01). Conclusions: Diabetes and periodontitis together appear to increase systemic inflammation, with evidence of reductions following periodontal treatment.

Radiographic Assessment of Distomolar Prevalence in Patients Attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Radiographic Assessment of Distomolar Prevalence in Patients Attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi Aisha, Areibi; Khadeejah, Buzaribah; Aziza Eltira, Eltira; Fowziya, Ali Background: Extra teeth are usually seen in any area of mandible and maxilla. The distomolar is an extra tooth that occurs in both jaws distal to the third molar, where various studies pointed to assess the occur-rence of distomolars in various people. Objectives: Aimed to estimate the frequency of distomolars in teeth of patient attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi Methods: A total of 3989 panoramic radiographs were examined for patient’s age ranged from 20 years and above. The presences, location and shape of distomolars were studied. There were 1432 women and 2557 men. Results: The outcomes of the study showed that distomolars were detected in 0.18% of the examined people. The extra teeth were noticed in both genders with frequency 0.08% in men and 0.10% in women. In total, 9 extra teeth were detected in 7 patients. Upper jaw distomolars were more frequently observed than lower one. Distomolars in both quadrants of the jaw were found in one female patient and two distomolars were found in another one. All distomolars were impacted. Conclusions: Even though the occurrence of the extra teeth is a little, initial exploration and management are significantly diminish or avoid problems, such as late eruption, non-eruption of teeth, ectopic eruption, abnormal root development or resorption of neighbouring teeth, crowding and cystic lesions.

Prevalence and severity of periodontitis in a population with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: a clinical cross-sectional study

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Prevalence and severity of periodontitis in a population with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: a clinical cross-sectional study Huda, H. Mohamed; Muna, S. Elburki; Nadein, A. Elsharif; Amelsaad, B. Elbarasi; Manal, S. Bazina; Salma, M. Werfully The correlation between periodontitis and chronic renal disease (CRD) is still being debated. Periodontitis increases the systemic inflammatory burden, which worsens CRD, and the CRD can affect the progression of periodontal disease. We don’t fully understand how one disease can affect another disease. As a result, the pur- pose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients requiring hemodialysis, as well as the relationship between various clini- cal periodontal parameters and serum creatinine, serum albumin, and blood urea. This cross-sectional study included 167 participants with chronic renal diseases undergoing hemodialysis. Patients’ data was collected with face-to-face interviews, followed by biochemical investigations for each participant. Modified Plaque Score and Modified Bleeding Score were recorded. Probing depth and clinical attachment level were measured. The subjects were categorized into three groups: periodontally healthy individuals, gingivitis and periodontitis. The severity of periodontitis has been identified. Out of 167 subjects who participated in the study, 101 were male and 66 were female, with a mean age of 50.45 years. Poor oral hygiene and peri- odontitis were found to be much higher among dialysis patients. 98.8% of them had periodontitis and 63.0% had severe forms (stage III and IV). A significant positive correlation between serum albumin and staging of periodontitis was also observed (p = 0.03). Severe periodontal diseases were more prevalent among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis and a substantial drop in albumin levels is linked to severe periodontitis, which may increase the chance of morbidity and death in these individuals.

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF INTRAPOCKET APPLICATION OF CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS GEL AS ADJUNCTIVE TO NON-SURGICAL THERAPY IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE PERIODONTITIS (A SINGLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL)

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF INTRAPOCKET APPLICATION OF CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS GEL AS ADJUNCTIVE TO NON-SURGICAL THERAPY IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE PERIODONTITIS (A SINGLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL) Nadein, A. El.Sharif; BDs Ahmed, M. Hommos; PhD, M. El-Moslemany Riham; PhD, L. Mikhael Neveen; PhD, K. Anwar Souzy Mechanical removal of dental biofilm is the gold standard therapy in treatment of moderate periodontitis. Local delivery drugs as adjunctives to conventional treatment are widely used to modulate inflammatory host response and eliminate microbes. Nowadays, herbal therapies have been used as safe alternative agents in place of antibiotics to overcome antibiotics side effects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of intra-pocket application of Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) gel on periodontal status. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Forty patients with moderate periodontitis, divided equally into two groups. Group-I was managed by SRP with the intrapocket application of 2% lemongrass oil gel. Group- II was managed by SRP with the intra-pocket application of a placebo gel. Bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured for each group at baseline before and twelve weeks after treatment. RESULTS: All assessed parameters showed improvement at the end of the study period in both groups compared to baseline. CAL, BOP, and PI showed a significant decrease from baseline to the end of the study in lemongrass gel group when compared to placebo group. CONCLUSION: Combining intrapocket lemongrass gel with SRP was more effective in improving the clinical periodontal status than using SRP alone in the treatment of moderate periodontitis.

Anticancer effect of flaxseed and Cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An in-vitro study

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Anticancer effect of flaxseed and Cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An in-vitro study Fatema., Elturki; Gehani, Ghada; Werfalli, Sumeia Aims: oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common form of oral cancer and is currently largely treated by surgery and/or radiation. Significant complications can occur because of these treatments. Adjunct therapies that are safer and less toxic are being explored. This study aims to investigate the potential anti-cancerous effect of the flaxseed on oral squamous carcinoma cells in vitro and determine the possible modulation of the activity of cisplatin by flaxseed using different durations of applications. Material and Methods: OSCC cell line cells were cultured and the MTT assay was used to assess cell metabolic activity. Results: The antiproliferative effect of flaxseed oil at 24 and 48 hours as measured by the IC50 was 71.48±4.26 ug/ml and 18.11±1.36 ug/ml respectively. The mean percentage of viable cells at 24 and 48 hours when treated with flaxseed oil was 66.2+/-14.6 and 56.3+/- 12.7, p-value <0.001. At 24 hours, the antiproliferative effect of cisplatin alone vs. when combined with flaxseed oil as measured by the IC50 was 9.59 +/- 0.32 ug/ml vs. 12.91+/- 0.94 ug/ml. The mean percentage of viable cells when treated with cisplatin alone vs. flaxseed oil combined with Cisplatin was 52.8+/- 14.4% vs. 55.1+/-15.5%, p-value=0.02. At 48 hours, the antiproliferative effect of cisplatin alone vs. when combined with flaxseed oil as measured by the IC50 was 2.70±0.11 ug/ml vs. 1.55±0.04 ug/ml. The mean percentage of viable cells when treated with cisplatin alone vs. flaxseed oil combined with Cisplatin was 45.4+/- 12.1 vs. 42.1+/-12.5, p-value=0.004. Conclusion: Further studies to explore potential mechanisms of the anticancer effect of flaxseed oil are needed.

The Anticipated Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) Antagonist on Pulp Tissue Repair in Rabbits

Mon, 04 Oct 2021 00:00:00 GMT

The Anticipated Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) Antagonist on Pulp Tissue Repair in Rabbits Fatema, F. Elturki; Mona, H. Farid; Heba, A. Adawy Purpose: To investigate the effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3) antagonist on pulp tissue repair in rabbits. Materials and Methods: 24 adult healthy male rabbits were used in this study divided into three main groups: Group I (control): 2 rabbits with normal teeth without pulp exposure. Group II (TG): The exposed pulps of right posterior teeth of 22 rabbits were capped with KolSpon in association with 34 nM Tideglusib. Group III (MTA): The exposed pulps of left posterior teeth of 22 rabbits were capped with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). The 2 rabbits with normal teeth and 6 rabbits with pulp capped posterior teeth were euthanized after one day. Their DNAs were extracted and tested for expression of Axin2 and β-actin by qPCR. 8 rabbits were euthanized after 4 weeks, and another 8 was euthanized after 6 weeks. The teeth were collected and prepared for immunohistochemical study using anti- β-catenin antibody. Results: The qPCR results showed the higher expression of Axin2 in the Tideglusib group than control group (without treatment) by about 5 folds and about 1.5 fold in the MTA group. The immunohistochemical results revealed the increase intensity in the Tideglusib group than MTA at four weeks with no significance difference (p>0.05).Whilst after 6 weeks the higher expression was in Tideglusib group with significance difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Tideglusib drug stimulates the expression of Axin2 transcription factor gene which is known to play a key role in regulation of odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation.

The Effects of Neostigmine on the Secretory Endpiece Cells of the Sublingual Glands in Female Rabbits

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

The Effects of Neostigmine on the Secretory Endpiece Cells of the Sublingual Glands in Female Rabbits Ahmed H., Elramlia; Lobna, A. Elfrgani; Hoda, Mansur; Bashir, A. Saad; Abeer, H. Amer The importance of saliva for the integrity and wellbeing of the oral cavity and speech is well documented, especially in people suffering from xerostomia. Salivary glands are susceptible to a variety of medication, as well as to a number of pathological conditions. The aim of the present work was to describe the effects of neostigmine, a drug used to mimic the effect of stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system on sublingual gland. It inhibits the action of the enzyme cholinesterase, which destroys the substance acetylcholine at nerve endings. To clarify its histological profiles, the drug was studied to investigate possible histological structural changes which might occur in the secretory endpieces of the sublingual gland. Twelve female rabbits were used to study the effect of neostigmine, as parasympathomimetic drug. Different doses of neostigmine were used including the therapeutic, double therapeutic and triple therapeutic dose. Neostigmine was injected intraperitoneally for two weeks. At the end of the time allocated the sublingual gland of each group was dissected and examined histologically with Hematoxylin and Eosin stains. Significant increase in the diameter of the mucous acini and foamy appearance and vacuolation of the cytoplasm of the cells were observed in the experimental group treated with triple therapeutic dose of neostigmine

Structural Histological changes in the parotid salivary gland of rabbit treated with neostigmine

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Structural Histological changes in the parotid salivary gland of rabbit treated with neostigmine A, EL-Ramli,; A.Y, Yasear,; A, Sultan, Back ground: Neostigmine is parasympathomimetic drug. It is commonly used for treatment of myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, urinary retention, xerostomia, and post operative ileus. Parasympathomimetic drugs increase the rate of salivation. Methods: Twelve female rabbits were used in this experiment to show the effect of neostigmine. Therapeutic, double therapeutic and triple therapeutic doses of the drug were administered intramuscularly for two weeks. Samples of parotid salivary glands were processed for light microscopy. Sections of parotid were stained with H&E, PAS, and alcian blue. Statistical analysis was followed to measure the diameter of the secretory acini. Results: The most noticeable changes were significant increase in the diameter of the secretory acini, and vacuolation with foamy appearance of the cells of the acini in treated groups. The PAS positive reaction in the acini was decreased as the dose of the drug increased. It was completely vanished in triple therapeutic dose of the drug. Negative reaction was obtained after alcian blue staining. Conclusion: Neostigmine as sialogogues drug simulates the effect of parasympathomimetic drugs. The structural histological alterations noticed in this study substantiate the use of this drug in cases of xerostomia

Premature Age Changes Associated with Cimetidine Treatment: A Histological Study

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Premature Age Changes Associated with Cimetidine Treatment: A Histological Study A.H., Elramli,; A., Sultan,; A.Y, Yasear Cimetidine is histamine H2 receptor antagonist, its main clinical use is as an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. For this study 12 (6 months old) female rabbits were used in this experiment. The rabbits were divided into four groups, three rabbits each.; viz:G1 received therapeutic dose of the drug (55.5 mg); G 2 received double therapeutic dose; G 3 received triple therapeutic dose; the fourth group served as a control. The injection was given twice daily for four weeks. The parotid glands were removed, fixed in neutral buffered formalin and processed for paraffin embedding. The sections were stained with haematoxyline and eosin, one step trichrome, and PAS stains Histometric evaluations of diameter of secretory end pieces were conducted. Data, expressed as means ± SEM, were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparison tests. Probability less than 0.05 is considered significant. In cimetidine treated rabbits the pronounced observations in the parotid gland were the decrease in the diameter of the acini ; increase in the connective tissue fibers; lymphocytic infiltration; increase in the amount of fat. The accumulation of fat cells and connective tissue fibers was considered as premature age changes in the gland. Fat deposition and fibrosis seen in cimetidine treated group may be related to parenchymal destruction caused by lymphocytic infiltrations. Our histological findings have demonstrated that the use of cimetidine has an inhibitory action on the activity and nature of saliva synthesized by the parotid glands in rabbits

Nfkb2 deficiency and its impact on plasma cells and immunoglobulin expression in murine small intestinal mucosa

Tue, 02 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Nfkb2 deficiency and its impact on plasma cells and immunoglobulin expression in murine small intestinal mucosa Ahmed, H. Elramli; Stamatia, Papoutsopoulou; Joseph, Tang; Jonathan, M. Williams; Nitika, Gupta; Felix, I. Ikuomola; Raheleh, Sheibani-Tezerji; Mohammad, T. Alam,; Juan, R. Hernández-Fernaud; Jorge, H. Caama~no,; Chris, S. Probert; Werner, Muller; Carrie, A. Duckworth; D. Mark, Pritchard The alternative (noncanonical) nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway predominantly regulates the function of the p52/RelB heterodimer. Germline Nfkb2 deficiency in mice leads to loss of p100/p52 protein and offers protection against a variety of gastrointestinal conditions, including azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis-associated cancer and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced small intestinal epithelial apoptosis. However, the common underlying protective mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. We applied high-throughput RNA-Seq and proteomic analyses to characterize the transcriptional and protein signatures of the small intestinal mucosa of naïve adult Nfkb2 / mice. Those data were validated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative ELISA using both small intestinal tissue lysates and serum. We identified a B-lymphocyte defect as a major transcriptional signature in the small intestinal mucosa and immunoglobulin A as the most downregulated protein by proteomic analysis in Nfkb2 / mice. Small intestinal immunoglobulins were dramatically dysregulated, with undetectable levels of immunoglobulin A and greatly increased amounts of immunoglobulin M being detected. The numbers of IgA-producing, cluster of differentiation (CD)138-positive plasma cells were also reduced in the lamina propria of the small intestinal villi of Nfkb2 / mice. This phenotype was even more striking in the small intestinal mucosa of RelB / mice, although these mice were equally sensitive to LPS-induced intestinal apoptosis as their RelBþ/þ wild-type counterparts. NF-κB2/p52 deficiency confers resistance to LPS-induced small intestinal apoptosis and also appears to regulate the plasma cell population and immunoglobulin levels within the gut.

Anti-CD3 Antibody Induces T-Cell Mediated Apoptosis and Shedding of Murine Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT

Anti-CD3 Antibody Induces T-Cell Mediated Apoptosis and Shedding of Murine Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells AH, Elramli; CA, Duckworth,; BJ, Campbell; DM, Pritchard Introduction Anti-CD3 antibody binds to the CD3/TCR complex on the wall of T lymphocytes and results in their activation. This leads to the release of various cytokines including tumour necrosis factor (TNF). TNF has previously been shown to bind to the TNFR1 receptor on the basolateral wall of small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), triggering their apoptosis and shedding (Williams JM et al, DMM, 2013). We aimed to determine the time course and dose response of anti-CD3 antibody-induced apoptosis in murine small IECs and investigate whether this is regulated by the expression of members of the NFκB family of proteins. Methods Groups of 3 wild-type female C57BL/6 J mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 mg/kg anti-CD3 antibody and were euthanased at different time-points from 1–6 hours. Groups of 3 wild-type female C57BL/6 J were subsequently injected i.p. with 0.5–4 mg/kg anti-CD3 antibody and were killed after 1.5 hours. The responses of 6 NFκB1-/-,6 NFκB2-/- and 6 c-Rel-/- female mice were compared with 6 C57BL/6 mice 1.5 hours after i.p. administration of 2 mg/kg anti-CD3 antibody. After euthanasia, the small intestine was dissected, fixed in formalin and paraffin embedded to produce histological slides. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a rabbit anti-mouse active caspase 3 primary antibody. Positively stained cells reflecting the percentage of shedding and apoptotic cells were scored on 20 villi per mouse on a cell positional basis. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (with Tukey post-hoc test for multiple comparisons). p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results 1 mg/kg anti-CD3 antibody caused a significant increase in the percentage of IECs undergoing apoptosis and shedding from 1±0.1% in untreated mice to a peak of 2.3±0.1% at 1.5 hours then started to decline to reach 1.3±0.1% at 6 hours. The percentage of IECs undergoing apoptosis and shedding increased with increasing doses of anti-CD3 antibody with a maximum of 5.6±0.2% observed 1.5 hours after administration of 4 mg/kg anti-CD3 antibody. Although NFκB1-/- mice (5.1±0.3%) and c-Rel-/- mice (4.8±0.6%) showed more IEC apoptosis and shedding than wild-type (3.6±0.2%) these differences were not significant. However NFκB2-/- mice were much more resistant (0.8±0.1%) (p < 0.001). In all cases the effects of anti-CD3 antibody were most pronounced in the apical portion of small intestinal villi. Conclusion Systemic administration of anti-CD3 antibody induces apoptosis and shedding of murine IECs. The time course and cell positional distribution of apoptotic cells are very similar to those observed following administration of either lipopolysaccharide or TNF. The responses to anti-CD3 antibody are significantly affected by the expression of NFκB2.

Reasons for Tooth Extraction among Libyan Adults: Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Reasons for Tooth Extraction among Libyan Adults: Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study Ahmed, H Elramli; Ashraf, S Elzer; Hana, A Ensir; Ali, Elsalhi; Rasha, A Kablan; Mohamed, S Jedeh; Abdussalam, Eddaiki Background: Tooth loss can be due to many causes, which results in many bad consequences on the dentition function and esthetics. Aims: This study was aimed to assess reasons and patterns of tooth extraction among Libyan adults. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six Libyan cities (Benghazi, Derna, Misurata, Tripoli, Zintan, and Hoon) representing different geographical provinces of the country. Data was collected over 6-month period (from September 2016 to March 2017) using an especially designed form recruiting Libyan patients aged ≥17 years of age who visited the participating dental practices and who provided a verbal consent to take a part in the study. The reasons for tooth extraction were classified as: dental caries, severe periodontitis, trauma, impaction, orthodontics reasons, prosthodontics reasons, associated with a pathological lesions (such as cysts), failed root canal treatment, and retained primary or supernumerary teeth. Variables studied were patient’s age, gender, educational level, occupation status and type of dental clinic. SPSS software were used for data analysis and the appropriate statistical tests were applied at (p value set at 0.05). Results: The mean age of participants was 38.6 years with standard deviation (SD) of 14.83. A total of 2958 permanent teeth were extracted. The main reason for tooth extraction was dental caries 1912 (64.6%), followed by severe periodontitis 270 (9.1%), tooth impaction 231 (7.8%), prosthodontic reasons 172 (5.8%) and failed root canal treatment 157 (5.3%). The most common teeth extracted were the lower right third molar 235 (7.9%), lower left third molar 227 (7.75) and lower left first molar 187 (6.3%) respectively. The most common age group of female patients was 21-30 years as they had 779 (26.3%) teeth extracted. Low education level was the most frequent risk factor for tooth extraction 1663 (57.2%) in this group of patients. Conclusion: The result of this study indicated that dental caries and periodontal diseases still the major causes of tooth loss among Libyan adults

Awareness of and Practices Related to Forensic Dentistry Among Libyan Dentists

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Awareness of and Practices Related to Forensic Dentistry Among Libyan Dentists Ahmed, El ramli; Oswa, Mouadeb; Yasmin, Naser; Tasnem, kewidir; Hend, Elkawash; Arheiam, Arheiam Objectives: Given that Libya has recently become a hot spot of armed conflicts, this study aims to investigate Libyan dentists’ awareness of practices related to forensic dentistry, to inform public health policy and dental education curriculum. Methods: A paper-based, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among Libyan dentists working in Benghazi between January and April 2017. The sample frame comprised all government and private dental practices in the city. The questionnaire required information on respondents’ demographic and professional characteristics, sources of information, attitude, practices, and barriers related to forensic dentistry. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Out of 250 questionnaires distributed, 200 were returned and used for analysis. More than half of the respondents were males (51%), and few of them worked in both private and public sectors (4.5% and 6%), and almost all of them were Libyans. Although most heard about it, only a small proportion (13%) received forensic dentistry education. A few numbers of the respondents (8) reported handling forensic cases. Around a third of participants indicated keeping some form of patient records. However, only (13.5%) of participants agreed that keeping patients’ records is essential, and about (9.5%) of them disagreed. In addition, more than half of the participants (65.5%) claimed that they believe that keeping such records is essential, but they are not able to. Conclusion: Despite a positive attitude towards and awareness of the importance of forensic dentistry, more educational and practice enabling efforts are needed to support the humanitarian role of dentists in conflict-affected environments such as Libya.

Parental awareness and attitude about oral health habits of their children and its relation to caries experience in 8–10-year-old children

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Parental awareness and attitude about oral health habits of their children and its relation to caries experience in 8–10-year-old children Eman, K. Mansur; Sokaina, B. Elshebani; Rasmia, Huew; Khadeejah, S. Buzaribah Aims: To assess level of parental awareness and attitude about dental health habits of their children, presence of permanent first molars (PFMs) and its association with caries experience. Methods and materials: A cross sectional observational study with dental examination was conducted. A random sample of 372 Libyan schoolchildren aged 8-10 years old in primary schools in Benghazi was collected. Information about parents’ awareness of presence of PFMs and dental health habits of their children was collected through questionnaire completed by parents. Caries was assessed using DMFT index and WHO criteria. Data were entered into SPSS software version 25. Chi- square test, Cochran’s test, sign test and logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: Only 29% of parents were aware of eruption time of PFMs and 53.8% were aware that this tooth is not going to be changed. There were significance associations between fathers’ educational level and their knowledge about the dental health habits for their children and DMFT of PFMs (P˂0.05). The association between DMFT index and frequency of dental visit was significant (P<0.05). About 27.7% of sample who consumed sugary foods once a day, mean DMFT was (0.77, SD±1.190), and 37.6% who consumed sugary foods twice a day DMFT was (1.04, SD±1.294). Highest percent of decayed teeth was in the permanent lower left molars. Conclusions: Low level of awareness of parents towards dental health habits for their children and high DMFT. Early parental education to raise their awareness about importance of PFMs must continue to avoid further distraction of dental health.

Dental Caries Experience of Down's Syndrome Children in Ajdabiya - Libya

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Dental Caries Experience of Down's Syndrome Children in Ajdabiya - Libya Eman, K. M. Mansur Aims: Assessment of the caries experience of Down’s Syndrome children who are attending special needs institute in Ajdabiya City, Libya. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. The total eligible sample comprised 35 DS children, 17 of them males and 18 females, aged between 6 and 15 years. Participants were examined for dental caries, using the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT/ dmft) according to the WHO criteria. Results: The caries prevalence among the study group was 97.1%. The mean DMFT /dmft scores were 5.705 ± 4.468 and 4.388 ± 3.327 in males and females respectively. There was no difference between means of males and females. In the 6-10 years age group, the mean dmft score was 5.8 ± 4.798, and in the 11-15 years age group, the mean DMFT score was 4.45 ± 3.119. There was no difference between means of both age groups. There was no significant difference between male and female in the 11-15 years age group. There was significant difference between male and female in the 6-10 years age group. Conclusion: The caries prevalence and severity was high among the studied Down’s Syndrome childre

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Libyan Pediatricians toward Early Childhood Caries

Tue, 13 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Libyan Pediatricians toward Early Childhood Caries Eman, Mansur; Salihah, A Abu Baker; Ahmed, A Boukharees Objectives: This study aimed to assess pediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward early childhood caries (ECC) in the governorate of Ajdabiya, Libya. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of 50 pediatricians, who work at primary healthcare centers in the governorate of Ajdabiya (in 2021). Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire that was developed using the KAP study construction guides. Pretests of the questionnaire were performed with five pediatricians, who did not participate in the study. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 25.0 (SPSS Inc). The alpha value was 0.05. Results: The overall scores of knowledge ranged from 2 to 12, with a mean of 6.1 (SD, 1.6). For attitudes, the overall scores ranged from 7 to 14, with a mean of 12.1 (SD, 1.5). And the overall scores of practices ranged from 1 to 24, with a mean of 10.0 (SD, 4.7). There were positive correlations between the KAP overall scores. The findings showed weak associations, except between knowledge and practices, it was medium. Conclusion: Libyan pediatricians demonstrated positive attitudes toward oral health. Nevertheless, their knowledge and practices appeared to be deficient regarding the early dental visits, the cariogenic effect of ad libitum breastfeeding, transmission of cariogenic bacteria from mothers/caregiver to the child, and the role and uses of F in preventive dentistry.

Dental Caries Experience and Oral Health Practice among 12-Years-Old Schoolchildren

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Dental Caries Experience and Oral Health Practice among 12-Years-Old Schoolchildren Eman, K. M. Mansur; Halima, A. Ayyad; Raga, Elzaha Objectives: To assess the experience of dental caries and practice of oral health preventive measures. Methods: This was a secondary data study extracted from primary data through a cross-sectional study of a random sample of two hundred and forty-six 12 years-old Libyan schoolchildren (in 2019). Children underwent clinical examinations for dental caries experience. Then, they asked to complete a self-administrated questionnaire that designed to evaluate the oral health practices. The collected data were analysed using SPSS for Windows, version 25. The alpha value was 0.05. Results: The prevalence of dental caries, for the total sample, was 80.5% and the mean Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT) was 2.4 (SD, 1.7). A clear gradient in the DMFT means with statistically significant was observed only across the categories of frequency of toothbrushing and frequency of sugary foods and drinks consumption in between meals. In addition, statistical significant was found for using fluoridated toothpaste. Conclusion: Dental caries in children aged 12 years old was prevalent in this study. The present survey provided an overview of practice of oral health preventive measures of participants, as the differences in these practices have influenced the DMFT values and provided knowledge about the disease experience.

Primary Prevention of Dental Caries: An Overview

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Primary Prevention of Dental Caries: An Overview Eman, Khalifa Mohammed Mansur Dental caries is a multifactorial disease. Plaque bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and a susceptible tooth surface are basic requirements to its occurrence. Dental caries is a preventable infectious disease, and the early identification of risk factors and implementation of oral health preventive measures at a young age can reduce or even avoid this lesion progression. It is recommended that a dental home should be established by age one or within 6 months from eruption of the first primary tooth. Child oral health visits should include caries risk assessment, individualized preventive strategies, and anticipatory guidance. A treatment plan and a periodic supervision of oral care for each child, should be determined based on his/her risk of disease and include appropriate age and preventive measures. This plane may include some specific preventive measures, such as dietary cancelling, oral hygiene instructions, topical antimicrobials, pit and fissure sealant, fluoride therapy, and using Casein PhosphoPeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Tooth mousse, GC Co., Japan).

Evaluation of the Arabic short-form version of the Family Impact Scale (FIS-8)

Thu, 22 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Evaluation of the Arabic short-form version of the Family Impact Scale (FIS-8) Eman, K. M. Mansur; William, M. Thomson Background: Oral diseases can have a negative impact on both children and their families. The Family Impact Scale (FIS) is a commonly used measure to evaluate the parent/caregiver's perception of the impact of children's oral health on the family. A short-form version (the FIS-8) has been developed and translated into Arabic. Aim: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the FIS-8. Design: Cross-sectional study of a random sample of two hundred and forty-six 12 years-old Libyan schoolchildren and their parents/caregivers (in 2019). Parents/ caregivers completed questionnaires while their children underwent clinical examinations for dental caries experience and gingival status. Internal consistency of the FIS-8 was assessed. For discriminant validity, overall score and subscale scores of FIS-8 were compared across categorised oral disease levels. Construct validity was tested by assessing the associations of overall score and subscale scores with global ratings of overall well-being. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using a random sample of 10% of participants. Results: The overall summary scale and subscales of FIS-8 succeeded in discriminating among ordinal categories of child dental caries experience, and a clear gradient was observed in mean FIS-8 scores across gingival status categories. There were moderate, positive correlations between the parents' and caregivers’ overall score and subscale scores and the ratings for overall well-being (r = 0.39). The overall scale showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.93). Conclusions: The Arabic version of the FIS-8 demonstrated acceptable properties and is likely to be suitable for wider us

Prevalence and pattern of dental caries in primary molars among Libyan school children in Benghazi

Wed, 16 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Prevalence and pattern of dental caries in primary molars among Libyan school children in Benghazi Eman, K Mansur; Khadeejah, S Buzaribah; Rasmia, Huew; Sukaina, B Elsheibani Aims: To assess prevalence and severity of dental caries in primary teeth among Libyan school children in Benghazi. Study design: Cross sectional observational study. Material and Methods: A total of 236 school children, aged 8-9 years were selected for a dental examination. The oral health was measured using World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria for dental caries: decayed, missing and filled tooth, dmft index for primary dentition. Results: The overall caries prevalence was 83.5% (mean dmft 3.3) with the highest caries prevalence recorded among 8 year-old children (45.3%, mean dmft 3.53). Mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 2.91, 0.31, 0.09 respectively. Second primary molars had higher dmft than the first (mean dmft 1.72, 1.33 respectively) and the difference was statistically significant p=0.001. The mean dmft of mandibular primary molars was higher than that of maxillary ones (mean dmft 1.67, 1.38) and the differences was statistically significant p=0.01. Conclusion: While the prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was found to be high, the treated and filled teeth are very low. The most commonly affected teeth were second primary molars, especially in the mandible. Dental caries occurred most often in the mandible. This study provided us with the baseline data for prevalence of dental caries. Providing oral health education and preventive programs would assist in improving the oral health condition of school children.

THE ORTHODONTICS EFFECTIVE ROLE IN PROSTHODONTICFIELD

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

THE ORTHODONTICS EFFECTIVE ROLE IN PROSTHODONTICFIELD Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Introduction The orthodontic intervention for dental rehabilitation treatment cases plays an active role to return the esthetics, function, comfort, phonetics and oral health of the patient. The best treatment success rate requiring careful interdisciplinary planning approach, based on a well-designed plan. However, the cooperate between the different dental branches; orthodontics, endodontics, periodontics, surgery aesthetic restorative dentistry, and prosthodontcs is mandatory access to achieve the successfully desired goals. Moreover, the restorative and prosthodontic dentists rely on orthodontics treatment to create an optimal restorative environment as a means of providing more comprehensive care to a wide variety of complicated cases according to the biological and mechanical principles. The Multidisciplinary Approach

The Preparation Faults Manifesting As Finish Line Defects

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

The Preparation Faults Manifesting As Finish Line Defects Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed This study was done to evaluate different finish line defects due to fault preparation, In addition to that to determination of their locations (upper, lower, anterior, posterior). Methods: 175 working casts with different finish line defects (common errors and mistakes happens in the finish line) were collected from various dental laboratories in Benghazi. The working casts were classified to five groups according to the type of the finish line defect. group (1): Unidentifiable or light finish line, group (2): The finish line Not continuous, group (3): Double or several finish lines, group (4): Rough finish line and group( 5): Nodules on finish line. The collected data have analyzed statically. Each group subdivided into two divisions (upper, lower) then each division divided into three subgroups (Anterior, premolar, Molar) according to position of tooth in the arch. Results: The percentage for incidence of each group were as follow Group (1) = 30% mostly in lower molars and upper premolars (40.4%, 32.7%) respectively. Group (2) =24% the highest percentage in lower molar (33.3%). Group (3) =16% the highest was 39.3% of them occur in lower molars also. Group (4) = 22% with (35.9%, 23.1%) in lower molars and upper molars respectively. Group (5) = 8% mostly in lower molars (35.7%). independent-samples t-test was conducted which revealed lower molars are the most significant for all the subdivisions (M13, SD5.8) t(4)=5, p=0.07 Conclusion: The careful inspection of the finish line on the working cast is an essential critical step for obtaining a restoration with an accurate marginal integrity .

THE IMPORTANCE OF CROSS –CONTAMINATION CONTROL WITH LAB MADE RESTORTIONS

Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT

THE IMPORTANCE OF CROSS –CONTAMINATION CONTROL WITH LAB MADE RESTORTIONS Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Statement of problem:. The increased awareness of the dangers of cross-contamination with hepatitis virus (HBV), (HCV) and HIV during dental procedures is having a growing impact on attitudes toward infection control in the dental clinic and laboratories. . Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-organisms trans-mission from the metal substructure to the dies after try-in stage.. Material and Methods: 10 cases have been selected and diagnosed. . Two final impressions were taken for every case . The first impression was swabbed for microbiological testing and discarded. The second impression was used for constructing the crown in aseptic conditions. The metal substructure was triad in patient’s mouth . The metal substructure was placed on the die without using any disinfecting material for . The die was swabbed and tested for the microorganisms counting . Results: The count of Streptoococcus (α Hemoltica ) was the same results which obtained from the contaminated impression. Conclusion: The infection control measurements and guidelines should be strongly encouraged. to ensure aseptic practice in dental clinics and laboratories to avoid cross contamination

Sterilization versus disinfection of the dental handpieces (pilot study)

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Sterilization versus disinfection of the dental handpieces (pilot study) Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Article history: Received 17 February 2019 Revised 13 August 2019 Accepted 15 August 2019 Available online 18 August 2019 Improperly following the cross-infection policy can transfer infection from infected patients to others. The Handpieces are the most important workhorse devices properly in all dental procedures. A retro-contamination may occur through their use of a septic environment. Una-ware dentists could reuse a contaminated dental handpiece only after wiping with disinfect-ant. Objectives: To evaluate the infection control status of the wiped handpiece. Moreover, to in-crease the awareness of dentists toward this issue. Methods: Ten contaminated Handpieces were collected from the dental clinic. They swabbed from their external and internal surfaces and cultured in two types of growth culture media. Next, they were wiped (with InstruPlusForte Sol), swabbed and cultured again. In the last step, the handpieces were sterilized and swabbed for culturing in the same manner. The results: The wiped Handpieces showed that only three (30%) had no bacterial growth from their external surfaces, While 100% revealed the bacterial growth from their internal surfaces. No growth with sterilized Handpieces was demonstrated. Conclusion: Wiping the outside of the handpiece with disinfectant does not eliminate the po-tential cross-infection risk.

Knowledge and Attitude about Management of Endodontically –Treated Teeth (ETT): A Survey Amongst Dental Practitioners in Benghazi, Libya

Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Knowledge and Attitude about Management of Endodontically –Treated Teeth (ETT): A Survey Amongst Dental Practitioners in Benghazi, Libya Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Background and aims. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a controversial area, because the loss of structural integrity, leads to a higher possibility of fracture. Dentists should follow techniques to perform successful and durable prostheses by updating their knowledge about the new materials conducted to enhance their use and get the experience. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude about the treatment of endodontically treated teeth among dental practitioners of Benghazi in Benghazi, Libya. Methods. Data collected through a self-administrative questionnaire designed to assess the knowledge of dentists in Benghazi about the management of endodontically treated teeth from a fixed prosthodontics restoration point of view. 150 questionnaires distributed among targeted dentists, and only 103 responded, with the required answers. All statistical analyses carried out at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results analyzed and compared using the ONE-WAY ANOVA. Results. The total sample was 103 which 69.9% were female dentists. About 31% of the dentists were aged between 35-39 years. About 30% of participants have an average of experience years between 10 to 14 in their field. There were no significant differences in all tested variables. Conclusion. The dental practitioners of Benghazi displayed a good level of knowledge and attitude about the management of endodontically treated teeth. For further proficiency, efforts made the practitioners to be aware of the advances in fixed prosthodontics practice through continuing education programs.

Fracture load of monolithic zirconia crowns prepared with different margin designs and cemented by different resin luting cements

Fri, 08 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Fracture load of monolithic zirconia crowns prepared with different margin designs and cemented by different resin luting cements Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Zirconia has seen widespread use in recent years because of its superior mechanical qualities. Due to the opaque tint of the zirconia core, the veneering layer was applied to improve the aesthetics of the restoration.[2,3] But this could also lead to the veneering layer's failure (cohesive or sticky).[4] By skipping the veneering porcelain layer, monolithic zirconia restorations can be used successfully in a variety of clinical settings.[5] Since the clinical guidelines are still based on those for all-ceramic and metal-ceramic crowns, the suggestion of the margin design for high strength ceramic materials, such as zirconia, is not obvious.[.6] Monolithic zirconia restorations are effective in clinical settings, particularly with patients who have a constrained interocclusal distance and who have a high occlusal load.[7,8] Thus, using monolithic high-strength ceramics can lessen the intrusive preparation of teeth[9,10]. Due to advancements in dental technology that allowed for the creation of precise restorations utilizing computer-assisted design (CAD) and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) procedures, zirconia restorations have become increasingly popular. [11] The introduction of transparent zirconia into dental practices recently has challenged the material's natural aesthetic look because it can be employed as a monolithic, highly translucent zirconia repair only in the aesthetic zone. This material, which exhibits exceptional levels of strength, is being used more frequently in dental offices, particularly for the chair-side manufacturing of zirconia restorations. However, the cause of the zirconia crown's failure has been identified. The crown margin has reportedly been the source of fracture during clinical use [12]. The margin is an important part of the restoration that is tightly suited to the specific finishing region of the prepared abutment. The quality of the restoration margin is strongly tied to the method used to prepare the tooth and the process used to fabricate the restoration. The doctor can digitally create a well-contoured restoration with a good marginal fit and the right emergence profile thanks to excellent clinical skills and methods. The peripheral portions, which have little thickness, typically cause the crown to break easily [13]. It's possible that the margin design and thickness have something to do with the failure that started in the zirconia restoration's margin. [13]. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine how the margin design affects the occlusal thickness and wall thickness of zirconia restorations in relation to load-bearing capacity [12, 14–15]. By applying an occlusal load, either longitudinally or obliquely, to anatomical crowns until fracture, some studies into the fracture resistance of all ceramic restorations were conducted. The results showed that the failures of ceramic restorations were regularly indicated in the patterns by a compressive curl, hackle, wake hackle, twist hackle, and arrest lines, which helped to distinguish the crack propagation pattern and the origin. As a result, the design of the margins in restorations significantly affects the ceramic restoration's ability to resist fracture. However, it is still undoubtedly unclear how the design and restoration configuration will affect the fracture properties of a high-translucency monolithic zirconia (HTMZ) restoration. Shape of the prepared tooth, kind of all-ceramic crown system used, thickness of the porcelain crown, flaws in the porcelain, and luting cement systems are some of the aspects that affect a ceramic crown's strength.[16-21] Zinc phosphate, zinc polycarboxylate, conventional glass ionomer cements, and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (all classified as acid-base cements) have all been recommended for use in all-ceramic crown restorations.[22-25] In comparison to non-adhesive cementation, it has been claimed that cementation utilizing adhesive luting resins enhances the mechanical qualities of definitive restorations.[26]Previous research demonstrates that when sticky resin cement was used to affix all ceramic crowns, The mean maximal masticatory forces were less than the mean fracture loads. [26,27,28]. In contrast to non-adhesive cementation.

Comparison of four different pulp capping material used for indirect pulp capping in permanent teeth in private clinic in Benghazi-Libya: An in vivo study.

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Comparison of four different pulp capping material used for indirect pulp capping in permanent teeth in private clinic in Benghazi-Libya: An in vivo study. Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed In conservative dentistry maintaining the pulp vitality is important, the vital pulp protects the tooth structure, integrity, and physiological function, the pulp vitality may lose, and exposure happens by long-standing caries left untreated, dental trauma( such as fracture crown or cracks), and mechanical injury. In addition, Deep caries lesions could be challenging to manage, and complete caries removal with the conservative approach. 1, 2 the predictability of vital pulp therapy has improved with the introduction of newer bio ceramic materials. 2 Vital pulp therapy techniques are ways to preserve the vitality of the tooth by placing a specific material that helps to reduce inflammation and aid in pulpal regeneration to maintain vitality and neural innervation of the tooth.2 Vital pulp therapy is divided into two types direct pulp capping, means placing the pulp capping material directly on the exposed pulp, unlike the indirect pulp capping procedure the hard affected dentine can be left in the cavity, 3 and the capping material is placed over it. In both techniques, the main reason for such treatment is to maintain tooth vitality and avoid as much as possible any other invasive treatments.4 Different types and varieties of Pulpal capping materials are used in dental practices, but not all material is the same when it comes to their efficiency in the preservation of vital pulp and resolution of inflammation. Researchers work to find out the most effective and ideal capping materials, investigations are still going with the known materials, such as calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide Ca(OH), zinc phosphate, bio glass, and glass ionomer cement.5 For many years, calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH)2] is used as a capping material, its effectiveness comes from promoting the formation of reactive dentine and induced mineralization and also helps the cells of the dental pulp to continue regeneration, with all the benefits of Ca(OH)2 it still has impairments, such as the formation of defects in dentine and the creation of micro leakage. Newer materials like MTA can replace Ca (OH) 2, effective with fewer unwanted side effects. On the other hand, its widely used and has better properties that can help in repairing and aiding pulp healing, MTA's main components are tri-calcium silicate, di-calcium silicate, and tri-calcium aluminate, in addition to bismuth oxide for radiopacity, the most favorable properties is low solubility inhibition of bacterial growth, formation of reparative dentine, and also can reduce inflammation by stabilizing the proses of tooth repair, MTA presents some disadvantages it considered to be expansive, longer sitting time and in some cases, it may cause discoloration, MTA promotes cells like fibroblast to migration into the exposed pulp in which aid in tissue and wound regeneration, MTA recent studies have high clinical success.6 Bio-C Repair is a new silicate-based hydraulic cement material used as a pulp capping material with a better texture, making it very easy to handle. Do not cause discoloration, but it can help to heal and repair pulpal tissue by creating a barrier against microorganisms and promoting regeneration by releasing calcium ions. Bio-C Repair is considered new material further studies and investigation are needed to fully understand its effect on human pulp regeneration and healing, 7 Aim Aimed to evaluate the success rate of different pulp capping materials: MTA, BIO Ceramic, Thecal and Dycal as pulp capping materials for indirect pulp capping in carious permanent teeth.

A survey about the establishment of the Libyan Journal of Dentistry (LJD)

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

A survey about the establishment of the Libyan Journal of Dentistry (LJD) Khadiga, A. H. Mohamed Aim: This questionnaire was performed to introduce LJD and to know the feedback of the readers about the first published issue. Methods: About 75 copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Only 61 who were answered and returned. The collected answered questionnaire were tabled and analyzed. Results: About 72% of the respondents have heard about LJD, about 95% of them were believed in the importance of creating a LJD at this time, and 16% of them have accessed to our journal web site. INTRODUCTION The scientific journals publish specialized researches in a specific field after they have been judged by a number of specialists in the same field. These journals are the first platform used by researchers to publish their latest findings or to criticize and discuss results of research previously published. Therefore, we try to push the scientific research in our field through the seed of the Libyan Journal of Dentistry where we suggest that the journal will overcome the difficulties for the researchers to publish their scientific work and to play an active role in the level of sophistication and advancement of education at the academic level. Electronic publishing is a new area of information dissemination. The electronic scientific journal is specifically designed to be presented on the internet. They have come into existence promoting the rapid dissemination capability, and availability on the Internet (1, 2). The Libyan journal of dentistry (LJD) is the official journal issued by Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi. LJD is an established as online, peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles in all fields of dentistry. Peer review methods are employed to maintain standards of quality, improve performance, and provide credibility. ________________________________________ a Editorial board of the Libyan Journal of Dentistry LJD receives and publishes original articles, review articles, case reports, etc. Review system is performed by at least two independent reviewer's approval followed by the acceptance of editorial board members The aim of this article is to introduce LJD and to show the feedback of the readers who benefit from it. Materials and Methods A questionnaire was prepared consisting of five questions. It was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry after the publication of the first issue of the journal during the period (2017). The questionnaire was included the faculty members, postgraduate students and dentists from outside the college. The questions revolved around whether the targeted knew about the existence of LJD and how they heard. In addition, the targeted opinion about the importance of the LJD and why. Then the questionnaire explored the opinion of the readers about the published first issue after visiting LJD web site. About 75 copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Only 61 who were answered and returned. The collected data were tabled and illustrated in representative graphs.

Dental practitioners’ knowledge and attitude regarding the use of silver diamine fluoride for the management of dental caries

Mon, 04 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Dental practitioners’ knowledge and attitude regarding the use of silver diamine fluoride for the management of dental caries Rogaia, B Alaskandrani, Aim: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude among Libyan dental practitioners in Benghazi pertaining to the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which the data was collected via a validated and published questionnaire. The study was conducted using an online and a papered questionnaire. A random sampling of Libyan dental practitioners filled out a 3-section Likert-scale questionnaire including multiple questions determining demographic data, knowledge, attitude, SDF’s potential future use, and actual use of SDF in dental practitioner’s own practiced life. Results: A total of 204 Libyan dental practitioners working in Benghazi public hospitals completed the survey. Their ages ranged from 20 to 59, the age group 20–30 years, representing 87 (43%), followed by the age group 30–40 representing 64 (31%). Gender-wise distribution revealed male number 54 (27%) almost third of female number 149 (73%). Almost half of participants were general dentists 98 (48%). When asked about their opinion on SDF usage, the majority of the participants agreed that SDF could be used to arrest cavitated lesions (69.5%), to arrest non-cavitated lesions (70%), should be placed under all restoration (65.9%) and should be placed under all restoration at caries risk patients (76.8%). Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude of dental practitioners in Libya regarding SDF was evaluated and as such the aim of this study was accomplished. However, based on our findings, more studies are needed to assess the SDF's acceptance, implementation, and the difficulty of its adoption due to the lack of available data on its use.

Caries Incidence, by DMFT Index of Libyan School Children Concerning Sociodemographic Variables and Oral Health Behavior

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Caries Incidence, by DMFT Index of Libyan School Children Concerning Sociodemographic Variables and Oral Health Behavior Rogaia, B Alaskandrani, Background and aims: dental caries are the most prevalent chronic disease and are caused due to complex interplay of behavioral, cultural, social, and dietary factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its relation to socioeconomic variables among Libyan children in Benghazi. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 207 of children aged 6-12 years in Benghazi, Libya. Patient’s data were recorded in a special form such as parent’s educations, employment, home density, family income, tooth brushing, mouth rinse, dental floss, and dental service. The diagnostic criteria for caries incidence were based on the oral Health Organization (WHO) Criteria. The child’s caries were measured by dmft and DMFT indices. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. A Chi-square test was used, whereas a p-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: caries-free teeth in the permanent dentition were 63.8%, while caries teeth were 36.2%. The DMFT in boys and girls were (1.14±0.19, and 1.28±0.19 respectively). The (dmft) in primary dentition was higher in boys and girls (5.45±0.39 and 4.77±0.38 respectively). ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Corresponding author. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR) (2020) Volume 52, No 2, pp 84-92 85 No significant differences were found for the DMFT index to gender, mother‘s employment, and family income (P >0.05). However, significant differences were observed regarding the mother’s education, father’s education, Father’s employment, and home density (P <0.0001). Conclusion: the socioeconomic levels an important predictor of caries presence in the children. The possibility of being caries free is increased with the increscent in the parent’s education; therefore the public health planners should consider these findings when planning interventions to promote dental health education and services.

Estimate of DMFT index using teeth most affected by dental caries in Benghazi, Libya

Thu, 06 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Estimate of DMFT index using teeth most affected by dental caries in Benghazi, Libya Rogaia, B Alaskandrani, Background: Although the oral health status is improved over the past years, the dental caries is still the most common chronic disease in childhood. Oral health affects many aspects of life such as ability to speak, mastication and well being. Aims: to determine the prevalence of caries of the first permanent molars (FPMs) and to compare the caries incidence between maxillary and mandibular arch, and to determine the most affect segment by the decay in the dental arch. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted of 375 children aged 6 to 12 years in Benghazi city of Libya. The clinical examination for dental caries was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. It has been calculated the frequency of caries free (CF) and the DMFT index in terms of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and missing teeth (MT). Data were analyses using SPSS version 16, Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Results: A significant difference was found between sound and carious FPMs in all dental arch segments (P =0.001). The DMFT index of the sample was (1.80±.081) whereas; the highest rate was in left side of the mandible (0.51±.026). The DT component was the highest rate (92.6%) of the DMFT index. Conclusion: The DMFT in the mandible was higher than the maxilla. The caries prevalence of FPMs was similar in both sides of the dental arches, thus the intensive preventive and health service activities should be promote in Libya to decrease caries risk in school children.Background: Although the oral health status is improved over the past years, the dental caries is still the most common chronic disease in childhood. Oral health affects many aspects of life such as ability to speak, mastication and well being. Aims: to determine the prevalence of caries of the first permanent molars (FPMs) and to compare the caries incidence between maxillary and mandibular arch, and to determine the most affect segment by the decay in the dental arch. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted of 375 children aged 6 to 12 years in Benghazi city of Libya. The clinical examination for dental caries was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. It has been calculated the frequency of caries free (CF) and the DMFT index in terms of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and missing teeth (MT). Data were analyses using SPSS version 16, Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Results: A significant difference was found between sound and carious FPMs in all dental arch segments (P =0.001). The DMFT index of the sample was (1.80±.081) whereas; the highest rate was in left side of the mandible (0.51±.026). The DT component was the highest rate (92.6%) of the DMFT index. Conclusion: The DMFT in the mandible was higher than the maxilla. The caries prevalence of FPMs was similar in both sides of the dental arches, thus the intensive preventive and health service activities should be promote in Libya to decrease caries risk in school children.

Children's oral health and parents’ education status in Benghazi, Libya: a cross-sectional study

Thu, 08 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Children's oral health and parents’ education status in Benghazi, Libya: a cross-sectional study Rogaia, B Alaskandrani, Aim: The study aims to evaluate the impact of parents’ education on the promotion of child dental care. Methods: Data were collected via a questionnaire survey among parents who brought their children to the Pediatric Dental Department of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya. The data were logged and analyzed using IBM-SPSS for Windows version 29.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Frequencies and percentages were measured to assess the influence of parental education on the dental knowledge of their children’s oral care. Results: More than two-thirds (69.2%) of parents sought dental care for their children when they expressed pain. More than half of parents (59%) reported the importance of deciduous teeth and its impact on successor teeth. Only 16% started brushing when the first primary tooth erupted, and 40% of their children brushed at least twice a day. In addition, only 39% of parents knew the correct time of the first permanent molar eruption. The frequency of parents who reported the correct total number of primary teeth, preferred treatment of primary teeth rather than extraction and asked their children to brush once daily increased with increasing the parents' education levels. Conclusion: The present study displayed that a high parents’ educational level does not directly subscribe to good oral health care for their children. The parents need further attention by presenting more programs dealing with dental health which will be useful in improving their children’s oral health.

Master's thesis - Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions Among Libyan Patients in Public and Private Clinics in Eastern Province

Sat, 18 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Master's thesis - Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions Among Libyan Patients in Public and Private Clinics in Eastern Province Zaynab, Naeim Abdulrrazik Alnajar Background: Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) are diagnosed worldwide in any popula-tion, age or gender, but in varied prevalence. OMLs can be found in each site of the oral mucosa; for some of them, it is characteristic to have a bilateral/symmetrical or unilat-eral/nonsymmetrical mucosal manifestation. The knowledge about its prevalence in var-ied populations can be useful from a clinical point of view. Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) are the third-most common oral pathology after caries and periodontal diseases. (Radwan-Oczko et al. 2022). The prevalence of OMLs and normal variants is between 10% and 81% among the vari-ous populations. Epidemiological studies of OLs are still lacking when compared to the studies of dental caries or periodontal diseases. (Campis et al. 2001, Espinoza et al. 2003, Feng et al. 2015,Gupta et al. 2023). Aims of the study: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of oral muco-sal lesions among routine Libyan dental patients attending dental clinics in Benghazi city and to find out any association with demographic factors, oral habits and denture wearing with such lesions. Subjects and Methods: This is an observational cross sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among sample of routine Libyan den-tal patients who attended the public and private dental clinics. in a period of six months from January to June 2023. A total of 1000 Libyan dental patients were examined for the presence of oral mucosal lesions in a designed form of constructed assessed ques-tionnaire. Demographic information were also collected which include name, age, gen-der, occupation and oral habits such as smoking and alcohol use. The subjects were di-vided according to age into three age groups (<30 years, 30-60 years, > 60 years). Data was uploaded on excel sheet before being entered into SPSS 25 software. Comparison of proportions of participants who experienced mucosal lesion according to their gen- XVII der, age, smoking and alcohol consumption and medical and drug history was carried out using chi-square test. All analyses were conducted at p value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 1000 Libyan dental patients were included in the study. Comparable proportion of males and females with more than half of the participants (53%) were fe-males. Only 5% of these females indicated that they were pregnant. Most of the partici-pants were in the middle age or young age groups. Those aged above 60 years were around 12%. On the other hand, participants in the middle age group (30-60 years) were slightly more than younger age group (46% and 42%, respectively). 25% of the participants had no mucosal lesions. Around 38% of participants had lesions described as normal variations and 37% of them had oral mucosal lesions. White lesion was the most common type (27%) followed by miscellaneous lesions (24%) whereas the pigmented lesions were the least common type (9%).The most common sites for the oral mucosal lesions were as follow, Tongue (31%), buccal mucosa (29%), labial muco-sa (14%) and gingiva (12%) were the most common sites for mucosal lesions. On the other hand, alveolar mucosa and sublingual area were the least affected sites (0.2% and 0.4%, respectively). Conclusion: This study has concluded that Libyan population has a wide range of oral mucosal lesions and normal variants, it is clear that all lesions are benign but few of them have malignant transformation potentiality such as OLP and Oral Leukoplakia. This emphasize the importance of employing conservative measures such as oral habits cessation, periodic re-evaluation and long term follow-up.

Master's thesis - Antenatal Mothers Knowledge and Attitude Toward Prevention of Early Childhood Caries in the child in Benghazi

Sun, 28 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Master's thesis - Antenatal Mothers Knowledge and Attitude Toward Prevention of Early Childhood Caries in the child in Benghazi Asia, Mohamed Farkash Background: Mothers during the antenatal period can influence children's oral health through good hygiene and preventative care, preventing early childhood caries. Preschool oral health programs prioritize preschool children's care for future oral health. The aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitude of Benghazi's antenatal (pregnant) women on preventing early childhood caries. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted on expectant mothers using a structured questionnaire in Benghazi. The questionnaire, designed in Canada and validated in Benghazi, consists of four sections: socio-demographic characteristics for pregnant mothers, oral hygiene knowledge, attitude towards dietary oral health, and preventive dental attendance for children . Results: Out of 375 participants, 303 first-time pregnant women and those with prior children, aged between ≤ 20 and 50, provided their responses for the study. Most participants had university-level education (66%) and agreed that children need assistance with brushing (P  0.001), and that toothpaste-containing fluoride helps prevent tooth decay (P  0.001). Working mothers were more aware of the importance of fluoride in toothpaste (56.8%). Housewife mothers were more likely to brush their children's teeth once a day (55.7%) (and change their toothbrush irregularly (44.7%). Working mothers were more likely to agree on the importance of regular dental examinations every six months to prevent tooth decay (81.5%). Conclusion: Mothers during antenatal period frequently don't know what causes dental caries, when to take their child to the dentist for the first time, or how nursing affects tooth decay.

Master's thesis - Parent’s knowledge and Attitudes Toward Oral Health in Their Children with Down Syndrome in Benghazi

Sun, 09 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Master's thesis - Parent’s knowledge and Attitudes Toward Oral Health in Their Children with Down Syndrome in Benghazi Fatma, G Mohamed Ashlak Background : Down syndrome (DS) is an autosomal chromosomal abnormality that results from chromosome 21 and affects 1 in 700 live births. In addition to causing abnormalities in many tissues and organs, The risk of giving birth to a child with DS is highest among women who are 35 years of age or older, and many studies on the incidence of DS found that the rate of dental caries is less, in contrast to periodontal disease . Main aim: To assessment of parental knowledge and attitudes toward oral health in their children with Down syndrome in Benghazi Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at rehabilitation centers dealing with DS on the parents of their children from government and non Government Association in Benghazi was included in the study. A self-generated questionnaire was used to collect information in two sections through 27 questions related to the patient's socio-demographic and medical information and oral health care to assess the knowledge and attitude of the parents about the oral health in their children with Down syndrome. Chi-square test of proportions was used to compare the differences between variables of demographics with the knowledge and attitude of the parents. Values were considered statistically significant at alpha ≤ 0.05. Results: There were 102 parents total; 67 (65.7%) had males, 35 (34.3%) had females, 36 (35.3%) had parents between the ages of 40 and 49, and 28.4% of parents are 60 years of age or more. There was a statistically significant relationship between the age, fathers and mothers education and taken their children to a dentist (p≤0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of helping the children brush their teeth and age of parents (p≤0.05). There was non a statistically significant difference between gender, and mother's occupation and helping children brushing their teeth p > 0.05. Conclusion: Most parents rated the general health of their child as moderate and very good. There is a significant statistical relationship between age, father's and mother's education, xii sectors, and taking their children to a dentist. There is no significant statistical relationship between age, gender, income, father's education, mother's occupation, sectors, and daily tooth brushing. Parents of individuals with Down syndrome need high-level information and guidance to take proper care of affected individuals and need education programs to promote positive attitudes by increasing the knowledge about oral health care.

Master's thesis - THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TEMPRATURE ON SURFACE HARDNESS OF COMPOSITE AS A FUNTCTION OF SYRIANGE STORAGE.

Sat, 08 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Master's thesis - THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TEMPRATURE ON SURFACE HARDNESS OF COMPOSITE AS A FUNTCTION OF SYRIANGE STORAGE. Yousif, Ali Yousif ALdbaibiagh Aim: To assess the effect of different temperature on surface hardness of composite as a function of syringe storage. Material and methods: A total Number of 70 disc-shaped bulkfill composite resin specimens were used in this study, The specimens were divided into three main groups according to the storage temperature before their use, group 1. (control group) the storage condition was at room temperature 25-28 ℃, group 2 storage condition was at refrigerator 4 ℃ and group 3 storage condition was at freeze -6 ℃. The specimens of the second and third group were subdivided into two sub- groups in which each of the subgroup was cured at two different extraction time which were one immediately curred after extraction from cooling machine and other was after one hour (60 minutes). Vickers hardness values of the top and the bottom surfaces of each specimen were evaluated using Vickers and Knoop hardness testing instrument. The Microhardness were determined through measuring the diameters of indentation which was produced by the pyramidal squarebase diamond indenter. One-way analysis of variance was performed followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test if showed significance. Paired Student t-test was done between paired groups. Three-way ANOVA compared the effect of each factor which was storage temperature group, surface and evaluation time). The results were analyzed using Graph Pad Instat (Graph Pad, Inc.) software for windows. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The oral health care system in Libya: a case study

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

The oral health care system in Libya: a case study Aisha, Aloshiby Background This study aims to describe the Libyan oral health care system in terms of its structure, function, workforce, funding, reimbursement and target groups. Methods A single descriptive case study approach and multiple sources of data collection were used to provide an in-depth understanding of the Libyan oral health care system. A purposeful sample of the key informants (Managers of oral health centers, dentists of various specialties with experience in the field, dentists, nurses, dental technicians, and officials in the affairs of medical insurance) was recruited. The case and its boundaries were guided by the study’s aim. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data. Framework analysis, informed by the study objectives, was used to analyze interviews and documents. Results The analysis showed that oral health services are integrated into medical services. The provision of dental care is mainly treatment-based, in the private sector. The oral health services in the public sector are mainly emergency care and exodontia. The dental workforce included in the study were mostly dentists (89% General Dental Practitioners (GDPs), 11% specialists), with a marked deficiency in dental technicians and nurses. Around 40% of dentists work in both the private and public sectors. The government provides the funding for the public sector, but the private sector is self-funded. No specific target group(s) nor clear policies were reported. However, the system is built around primary health care as an overarching policy. Dental caries is the most common oral problem among Libyan preschool children affecting around 70% and is the most common cause of tooth loss among adults. Conclusion The oral health care system in Libya is mainly privatized. The public health services are poorly organized and malfunctioning. There is an urgent need to develop policies and plans to improve the oral health care system in Libya.

Dental Fluorosis and Its Associated Factors Amongst Libyan Schoolchildren

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Dental Fluorosis and Its Associated Factors Amongst Libyan Schoolchildren Aisha, Aloshiby Background: Little is known about dental fluorosis (DF) in Benghazi, Libya, where the public water supply is naturally fluoridated. Objective: The study aims to investigate the distribution of DF and its related risk factors and impact on oral health−related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the association between DF and caries amongst Libyan school children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out amongst 12-year-old schoolchildren in the city of Benghazi. Dean’s and decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMF) indices were used to assess the severity of DF and dental caries. In addition, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and behavioural information and OHRQoL using the Child Oral Health Impact Profile−Short Version 19 (COHIPSF19). Results: Out of 1125 children who participated in the study, 15%, 7.8%, 2.2%, and 0.4% of participants were coded as having questionable, mild, moderate, and severe DF, respectively. Children enrolled in private schools were less likely to have DF (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.35−0.83; P = .007). Moderate-severe DF was associated with more decayed surfaces and DMF scores and low scores for COHIP-SF19 and its socioemotional well-being subscale. Conclusions: The data demonstrate that rates of DF are relatively low in naturally fluoridated areas in Libya. DF amongst Libyan schoolchildren was associated with social disparities, higher caries rates, and negative impacts on OHRQoL.

Prevalence of External Root Resorption in Second Molar Associated with Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Radiographic Study

Thu, 01 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Prevalence of External Root Resorption in Second Molar Associated with Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Radiographic Study Aziza, Elsanousi Saad Eltira Background: Mandibular third molars are the most frequently encountered impacted teeth in dental surgery cases. Impactions could be caused by differences in crown size, later development of roots, reduced skeletal growth and lack of space. If untreated, an impacted tooth can lead to a number of problems, including external root resorption, which is frequently observed in mandibular second molars. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence of root resorption of mandibular second molar caused by impacted mandibular third molar. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational study using panoramic radiographs obtained from December 2019 to February 2022 from of patients who visited the Dental Clinic of the University of Benghazi. All radiographs were assessed about presence, location and severity of external root resorption of second molar. Positions of the impacted third molars were classified using two classification systems Pell, Gregory's and Winter classification. Data were tabulated and analyzed using Chi Square test; P value was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Panoramic radiographs of 434 patients were examined that consisted of 244 (56.2%) female and 190 (43.7%) male. The prevalence of external root resorption of second molar was 213(49%). The severity of resorption was categorized as slight (70.4%), moderate (17.8%), and severe (11.7%), most of them was located at cervical third. External root resorption was proportionally higher in the impacted teeth with class B (50.2%) and mesio-angular positions (62.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of external root resorption of mandibular second molars caused by Impacted third molars was high in this study especially in males. Mandibular third molars with a greater potential to cause the adjacent second molar's external root resorption were those in class B position according to Pell and Gregory classification and in mesioangular position regarding Winter classification.

Perception of Tooth Carving Sessions among Undergraduate Dental Students within the Faculty of Dentistry/University of Benghazi

Mon, 08 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Perception of Tooth Carving Sessions among Undergraduate Dental Students within the Faculty of Dentistry/University of Benghazi Aziza E. S. Eltira1, Khadeejah Buzaribah1, Aisha Areibi Background: In most dental schools, dental anatomy is taught in both theoretical and practical sessions during the first years of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS). This comprehensive course equips students with essential knowledge about dental morphology and occlusion. Furthermore, it serves as the fundamental basis for various clinical disciplines within dentistry, particularly those related to tooth restoration. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate dental students’ response to tooth carving sessions using wax blocks within the BDS curriculum at the Faculty of Dentistry in Benghazi and to assess the benefit of these sessions in improving their knowledge, and understanding of tooth morphology. Methods: A three-month cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2022 among 474 undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry in Benghazi. We employed a convenience sampling approach to collect the data. The questionnaire was prepared using a semi-structured proforma, which included questions about participants’ perceptions of tooth carving. Participants received a Google Form link through the telegram channel of the students. Descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency were calculated using the SPSS 21. Results: A total of 474 dental students participated in this study. Among them 94% practiced tooth carving using wax blocks during their practical sessions of dental anatomy. More than 70% of participants agreed that tooth carving enhanced their understanding of precise tooth morphology, dental anatomy, and proper occlusion relationships. Interestingly, 63% of the participants believed that live demonstration assisted with step-by-step video tutorials would be more effective in practicing tooth carving. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is evident that most students at the Dental Faculty of Benghazi recognize the significant importance of tooth carving in their educational journey as future dental practitioners. This valuable data can inform the development of dental education programs, ensuring continued emphasis on teaching tooth carving during the undergraduate stage. However, as we move forward, exploring innovative approaches becomes essential. Incorporating newer techniques such as computer-aided platforms and video tutorials could enhance student engagement and provide a deeper understanding of tooth morphology and anatomy.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING THEBIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE: CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Wed, 01 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING THEBIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE: CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY Aziza, Elsanousi Saad Eltira Background:Diabetes and periodontal disease are common chronic diseases in a bidirectional relationship. Therefore, elevating the level of awareness among diabetic patients about their complications to overcome any unfavorable effects of diabetes on their quality of life. Additionally, increasing the awareness of medical and dental professionals will improve their attitude and behavior towards the management of diabetic patients. Objective:This cross-sectional survey aimed to assessthe diabetic patient’s knowledge about the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease and the role of physicians indiabetic patients referred for oral care. Methods:Researchers have created a questionnaire of their own and the examiner conducted a face-to-face interview in local language with the patient, it included 25 questions grouped under 5 categories. Results: A total of 289 participants, most of them type II diabetes 92.4 %, age range (18 to 60 years) were included in this study.Only 61.6%had knowledge about the relation between diabetes &periodontitis. More than 90% of the patient didn’t receive any information or educated in oral health by specialists. Conclusion:Diabetic patients lack knowledge regarding the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. The lack of inter-professional patient care between doctors and dentists when treating patients with diabetes

Evaluation of the dietary outcomes among middle-aged Libyan edentulous male subjects treated with complete dentures; Part 1: The perceived ability to chew.

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Evaluation of the dietary outcomes among middle-aged Libyan edentulous male subjects treated with complete dentures; Part 1: The perceived ability to chew. Gamal G. Burawi*, Rabie M. El huni, Amel M. Lefsaay, Warida A. Elnaihoum, Isaeida A. Mohammed, Faraj A. Ali Statement of problem: The implant-retained or supported overdentures have been indicated as the primary treatment of edentulousness. However, for obvious reasons fewer patients will afford this type of treatment. Therefore, it is desirable to investigate and re-establish the effec-tiveness of the provision of complete dentures on patients’ essential oral functions. Aim of the study: To assess the perceived chewing ability of edentulous Libyan patients reha-bilitated with traditional complete dentures. Materials and methods: Thirty-five edentulous adult male patients were carefully selected for this clinical trial. The researchers interviewed all subjects and assisted them in filling accu-rately the visual analogue scale questionnaire (VAS). The VAS questionnaire contained effi-ciency-rating questions assessing the effectiveness of wearing complete dentures on the abil-ity to chew seven locally favourite meals. The answer for each question was ranked from zero to 100. Then, a standard treatment procedure was performed to provide each subject with a conventional complete denture. At the recall visit scheduled after six months of post-insertion of all prostheses, the same researchers helped subjects to indicate again their satisfaction level with their complete dentures using the same practice VAS questionnaire. The VAS scores rec-orded pre-treatment were compared to those scores recorded post-treatment using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: All subjects verbally expressed their contentment and enjoyment when eating meals using their dentures. The perceived ability to chew was significantly improved for almost all food tested except for those, which require slicing before chewing. The conventional complete dentures still provide edentulous patients with an improved chewing ability when consuming traditional Libyan meals. Conclusion: An optimistic improvement of chewing ability with complete dentures is achieved as shown by the validated practice VAS questionnaire. Consequently, the treatment with traditional complete dentures can be generalized and used for wider edentulous patients seeking treatment in the Libyan general dental practice.

Evaluation of Water Sorption of Various Heat-Curing Acrylic Resins and the Effect of Aqueous Environment on its Fracture Toughness

Sat, 04 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Evaluation of Water Sorption of Various Heat-Curing Acrylic Resins and the Effect of Aqueous Environment on its Fracture Toughness Hanan Moussa, Mardeia Hamad, Amel Lefsaay Background: Water sorption is one of the concern regarding acrylic resin denture base materials since it might affect the dimensional stability of the prosthesis, furthermore the absorbed water may dramatically compromise the physical and mechanical properties. Methods: Three different commercial denture base materials (heat-curing acrylic resin) available in local markets were used (Vertex, Ivoclarw and Luxacryl) to evaluate water sorption and the effect of dry and wet environment on the fracture toughness of these materi-als. Water sorption test was carried out according to international organization for standardization (ISO) Specification 1567-2000. The fracture toughness was determined using single edge notch bending test (SEN-B) according to ISO 13586:2000. Results: Water sorption in term of percentage was highest for Ivoclar (0.78% of its weight) and lowest for Luxacryl (0.68% of its weight). Statistical analysis with two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test showed a significant difference between different acrylic material groups, and be-tween different water immersion times (p<0.0001). For fracture toughness, it has been found that the Ivoclar samples displayed the highest fracture toughness after 28 days of immersion in distilled water at room tem-perature. Statistical analysis with two-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference for fracture toughness between different acrylic material groups (P<0.04). Conclusion: in general, fracture toughness of denture base materials was highly-changed after immersion in water.

EVALUATION OF ANCHORAGE TECHNIQUE ON THE ADAPTION OF PARTIAL DENTURE FRAMEWORK (COMPARATIVE IN VITRO STUDY)

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

EVALUATION OF ANCHORAGE TECHNIQUE ON THE ADAPTION OF PARTIAL DENTURE FRAMEWORK (COMPARATIVE IN VITRO STUDY) Amel M Lefsaaya, Mohamed H Elgtlawib, Gamal E Burawic The cast partial removable partial denture must be well fitted on the master dental cast and also on the oral tissues to be more successful and fulfill its functions. The objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of anchorage on the accuracy of fit in removable partial denture framework. The study consisted of fourteen maxillary partially edentulous refractory casts Class III Kennedy classification modification 1 which were divided equally into two groups group I test group (Anchorage technique) and group II control group (Conventional technique). Seven cobalt chrome removable partial denture frameworks were constructed for each group, one using conventional technique with performed wax pattern on a refractory casts and other seven cobalt chrome removable partial denture frameworks were constructed using anchorage technique including four holes for anchorage on the refractory casts. Both patterns were invested and casted under the same circumstances using conventional standardized technique. The resulting metallic removable partial denture frameworks were evaluated to check the fitness of palatal strap the major connector on the master metal cast using digital micrometer. The statistical results of this study showed significant reduction in the thickness (gap) between the palatal strap major connector and its related site among group I (Anchorage) when compared with group II (Conventional) which indicating more accurate fit for group I. Furthermore, all the frameworks which were constructed by anchorage technique revealed more gap reduction centrally and anteriorly than peripherally and posteriorly.

The effects of adding zirconium oxide Micro-particles to high impact polymethyl methacrylate on some mechanical properties

Sat, 04 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

The effects of adding zirconium oxide Micro-particles to high impact polymethyl methacrylate on some mechanical properties Mohamed H E Elgtlawi1, BDS, MSc, PhD. Amel M M Saleh2 BDS, MSc,, Omar O Elaogali2 BDS, MSc Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the transverse strength and impact strength of high impact heat-cured Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) reinforced with zirconium oxide particles (ZrO2). Materials and Methods: A total of sixty specimens were fabricated for each test. The denture base materials evaluated in this study were divided equally into three groups (A), (B) and (C) for each test. group (A) control group, unmodified high impact heat cured (PMMA). Group (B) & (C) high impact heat cured (PMMA) reinforced with 5% & 10% (ZrO2) powder respectively by volume. The transverse strength was measured using the three point bending test. The impact strength was measured using the Chrapy impact tester. The micro-structural study of the fracture surfaces of test specimens was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope. Results: Statistical analysis were conducted on the data obtained from the experiments using one way analysis of variance(ANOVA).Both the transverse strength and impact strength of high impact heat cured PMMA reinforced with treated ZrO2 particles were superior to the unreinforced high impact heat cured PMMA. However, the improvement in transverse strength was not directly proportional with the amount of filler particles. Scanning electron micrographs showed the degree of bonding between the filler particles and PMMA matrix.

Gender distribution of Libyan patients with removable dental prosthesis

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Gender distribution of Libyan patients with removable dental prosthesis Fatma Mohamed Ali, Amel Mohamed Lefsaay, Samiyah Abraheem Mohammed, Hawa Adim Salim, Adham Faraj Ragas Reema Mohammed Abdulsalm Background: Regardless of gender or age, simple dentures are still the first option for tooth replacement in cases of edentulousness due to the expanding sex difference in oral health and disease. Aims: Our purpose of this research Gender analysis of patients from Benghazi who had removable dentures, their age range, significance of tooth loss in these individuals, while also considering the demands of various patient sorts for these dentures. Materials and Methods: A retrospective-longitudinal study of Patient’s data records from two of Benghazi’s major institutions of 1708 edentulous (Partial or complete), Libyan cases who require removable complete dentures were assessed between March 15, 2014, and September 15, 2022. Results: According to the chi-square test, Dentures had been worn by 1107 Libyan men and 601 Libyan women, most common age were fifties in both genders, but age of edentulous cases begun from 26 years, there was a Strong distinctions of reasons tooth lost, gender and kinds of dentures. Conclusion: This study shows that Edentulism generally affects Males more than Females in city of Benghazi and it usually manifests in young, there is a major problem within Libyan community to encouragement of oral health, in addition there were a clear difference between gender, age, tooth lost, types of dental prosthesis and places.

Infection Control Attitude, Knowledge and Awareness Level Among Dental Students and Interns in the Removable Prosthodontic Department at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya

Mon, 08 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Infection Control Attitude, Knowledge and Awareness Level Among Dental Students and Interns in the Removable Prosthodontic Department at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya Mohamed H E Elgtlawi, Amel M Lefsaay, Omar O Elaogali, Fatma M Bushaala, Mardia Hamad Background: Dental students have increased patient contact during their education and clinical practice, putting them, their patient population and Dental Health Care Workers (DHCW) at high risk of cross-infection. Awareness of infection control principles may help in preventing disease transmission; therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of infection control knowledge, attitude, and practice among dental students and interns in a removable prosthodontic department at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya. Materials and Methods: In May 2023, we distributed questionnaires containing 33 items to interns, 3rd-year, and 4thyear dental students at the faculty. The questions covered topics such as hepatitis B vaccination, use of personal protective barriers, knowledge of infection control protocols, and practice in the removable prosthodontic department of the faculty. Descriptive statistics were recorded using frequency and percentages. Differences in proportions were assessed using the Chi-square and Fisher exact test. All statistical analyses were performed at a p-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of four hundred and ten (410) participants responded to the questionnaire. Around 21.5% of the students had completed their hepatitis B vaccination, while 41.2% had never been vaccinated. Regarding the selfreported use of protective barriers, intern students showed a significantly higher score than did other study groups (P <0.001). Moreover, the vast majority of 3rd year students reported never wearing eyewear, a face shield, or the head cap (73.2%), (81.1%), or (70.1%), respectively. About two-thirds of intern students (69.4%) showed positive attitudes toward the treatment of patients with infectious diseases. Conclusion: This study showed moderate compliance to infection control procedures among the participants, they have limited orientation and knowledge of the infection control guidelines and policies. Despite a positive attitude toward infection control measures, proper infection control practices were not consistently followed. Consequently, it is essential to take action to ensure that students understand the critical importance of practicing cross-infection control. Higher education institutions should implement effective solutions to address this issue.

The Orthodontic/Periodontal Interface Part 3

Thu, 01 Nov 2018 00:00:00 GMT

The Orthodontic/Periodontal Interface Part 3 Sarah, Alkeelani; Sarah, El-Kilani Adult patients are increasingly seeking orthodontic treatment. It is essential to establish optimal periodontal health in these patients before embarking on such treatment, which demands the interaction between the general dental practitioner (GDP) and orthodontist for effective management. This article focuses on the management of periodontal disease in orthodontic patients, orthodontic considerations, retention and complications that may arise. This is demonstrated throughout a series of clinical cases treated within a multidisciplinary team. The management of patients

Knowledge and Attitudes of Dentists toward Space Maintainers: A Study among General Dentists in Benghazi

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Knowledge and Attitudes of Dentists toward Space Maintainers: A Study among General Dentists in Benghazi Sarah, Alkeelani Space maintainers are critical orthodontic devices that prevent malocclusion and ensure the proper alignment of permanent teeth following the premature loss of primary teeth. Despite their importance, the effective utilization of space maintainers depends heavily on the knowledge and attitudes of dental practitioners. This study investigates the perspectives of general dentists in Benghazi, examining their awareness, understanding, and practical implementation of space maintainers. Through a detailed analysis of survey data, the study highlights both strengths in knowledge and notable gaps in practice. Furthermore, it juxtaposes these findings with global studies to provide a comparative perspective, emphasizing the need for enhanced training and advocacy. The outcomes of this research aim to inform strategies that improve the adoption and effective use of space maintainers in dental practice, thereby addressing long-term orthodontic challenges.

Urinary Bladder Cancer-Epidemiological and Histopathological Study

Fri, 03 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Urinary Bladder Cancer-Epidemiological and Histopathological Study Hend, R. A. Awad; Naeima, A. S. AL-Agori; Manal, F Yaya; Fatma, I. Zoubi; Rahma, Y. Alramly; Salha, A Khaled; Noor Alhuda, F AbdoAllah; Abeer, H. A. Amer Urinary bladder cancer is the main reason for morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Urothelial carcinoma is a common primary tumor of urinary bladder (90%). To investigate the epidemiological and histopathological aspects in Libyan patients suffering from urinary bladder cancer, we performed a study on 39 bladder cancer biopsies from transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and cystoscopic samples obtained from Oncology Department- Al Hawari Hospital, over the period of (2021- May 2022), Tiba Medical Laboratory (2021- July 2022), and Alnoon Medical laboratory (2019- January 2022) at Benghazi, Libya. Of the 39 cases, 34 (87.2%) were diagnosed in men, and 5 (12.8%) were found in women, the men/ women ratio being of 6.8/1. The highest incidence of bladder tumors was recorded in individuals aged between 61 and 80 years old. In this age group, there were admitted 24 patients with bladder cancer, representing 61.5%. The most common pathological types of urinary bladder carcinoma found was Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma TCC (48.72%) followed by noninvasive Urothelial Carcinoma TCC (46.15%), and Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC in (5.13%). A case of SCC on top of Schistosomiasis was also seen. Grade III was found in 51.2% of our patients and 43.5% of them had stage II. This study has highlighted upon the importance of histopathological study in evaluating urinary bladder cancer. Cystoscopic studies and biopsies help in early detection of bladder neoplasms and they form the mainstay of the diagnosis and follow up. The objects of this work were to assess epidemiological features of the bladder cancer in Benghazi - Libya with regard to frequency, age and sex distribution. Furthermore, to describe the Histopathological features of the urinary bladder cancer, particularly Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) in urinary bladder biopsies.

Orai1 Expression Pattern in Tooth and Craniofacial Ectodermal Tissues and Potential Functions During Ameloblast Differentiation

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Orai1 Expression Pattern in Tooth and Craniofacial Ectodermal Tissues and Potential Functions During Ameloblast Differentiation Papagerakis, Petros; Papagerakis, Silvana; Nervina, Jeanne

THE USE OF POSTERIOR COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS

Wed, 01 Jun 2016 00:00:00 GMT

THE USE OF POSTERIOR COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS Mangoush, Enas; bubtina, Najat

Indirect Usage of Miniscrew Anchorage to intrude Overerupted Mandibular Incisors in a Class II Patient with a Deep Overbite

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Indirect Usage of Miniscrew Anchorage to intrude Overerupted Mandibular Incisors in a Class II Patient with a Deep Overbite Yamashiro, Takashi; Yamamoto, Teruko Takano; Balam, Tarek A.; Sugawara, Yasuyo; Kuroda, Shingo; Ishihara, Yoshihito

Journals OF Oral Health and Dental Care

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Journals OF Oral Health and Dental Care FM, MOHAMED; FM, Ali

Ex vivo real-time observation of Ca2+ signaling in living bone in response to shear stress applied on the bone surface

Thu, 13 Dec 2012 00:00:00 GMT

Ex vivo real-time observation of Ca2+ signaling in living bone in response to shear stress applied on the bone surface Yamashiro, Takashi; Naruse, Keiji; Balam, Tarek A.; Hayano, Satoru; Kawanabe, Noriaki; Kamioka, Hiroshi; Sugawara, Yasuyo; Ishihara, Yoshihito

Dentine Hypersensitivity: A Review

Sat, 09 May 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Dentine Hypersensitivity: A Review Garoushi, Sufyan; Bubteina, Najat

Evaluation of Transparence and Translucency of Laminate Veneer Materials

Wed, 09 Nov 2016 00:00:00 GMT

Evaluation of Transparence and Translucency of Laminate Veneer Materials Mohamed, Saied H.; Mohamed, Rafa A; Bubtainaa, Najat H.

THE INCIDENCE OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR AMONG LIBYAN SUBPOPULATION: A MICRO-CT STUDY

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

THE INCIDENCE OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR AMONG LIBYAN SUBPOPULATION: A MICRO-CT STUDY Orafi, Ibtesam

Orai1 Expression Pattern in Tooth and Craniofacial Ectodermal Tissues and Potential Functions During Ameloblast Differentiation

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Orai1 Expression Pattern in Tooth and Craniofacial Ectodermal Tissues and Potential Functions During Ameloblast Differentiation Papagerakis, Petros; Papagerakis, Silvana; Nervina, Jeanne; Balam, Tarek; Chatzistavrou, Xanthippi; Taqi, Nawar; Lefkelidou, Anna; Zinn, Vina; Zheng, Li

THE USE OF POSTERIOR COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN BENGHAZI-LIBYA

Wed, 01 Jun 2016 00:00:00 GMT

THE USE OF POSTERIOR COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN BENGHAZI-LIBYA Mangoush, Enas; bubtina, Najat; Garoushi, Sufyan; Benali, Nada

The Ability to Identify Early Apical Pathology: A Comparison between UK’s General Dental Practitioners and Endodontists

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

The Ability to Identify Early Apical Pathology: A Comparison between UK’s General Dental Practitioners and Endodontists Orafi, Ibtesam

Indirect usage of miniscrew anchorage to intrude overerupted mandibular incisors in a Class II patient with a deep overbite

Mon, 01 Aug 2011 00:00:00 GMT

Indirect usage of miniscrew anchorage to intrude overerupted mandibular incisors in a Class II patient with a deep overbite Yamashiroe, Takashi; Yamamoto, Teruko Takano; Balam, Tarek A.; Sugawara, b Yasuyo; Kuroda, Shingo; Ishihara, Yoshihito; Sugawara, Yasuyo

THE INCIDENCE OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR AMONG LIBYAN SUBPOPULATION: A MICRO-CT STUDY

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

THE INCIDENCE OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR AMONG LIBYAN SUBPOPULATION: A MICRO-CT STUDY Orafi, Ibtesam

The Ability to Identify Early Apical Pathology: A Comparison between UK’s General Dental Practitioners and Endodontists

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

The Ability to Identify Early Apical Pathology: A Comparison between UK’s General Dental Practitioners and Endodontists Orafi, Ibtesam

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME RECENTLY USED AESTHETIC VENEER MATERIALS

Wed, 01 Apr 2015 00:00:00 GMT

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME RECENTLY USED AESTHETIC VENEER MATERIALS Mohamed, Rafa A.; Bubteina, Najat H.; Mohamed, Saied H.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME RECENTLY USED AESTHETIC VENEER MATERIALS

Wed, 01 Apr 2015 00:00:00 GMT

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME RECENTLY USED AESTHETIC VENEER MATERIALS Mohamed, Rafa A.; Bubteina, Najat H.; Mohamed, Saied H.

Effects of Horizontal Beam Angulations and Imaging System on the Identification of the MB2 of Maxillary First Molar: An ROC Analysis

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Effects of Horizontal Beam Angulations and Imaging System on the Identification of the MB2 of Maxillary First Molar: An ROC Analysis Hammad, Mohammad; Orafi, Ibtesam

Dentine Hypersensitivity

Sat, 09 May 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Dentine Hypersensitivity Bubteina, Najat; Garoushi, Sufyan

Comparison Between Two Ceramic Veneer Materials in their Color and Translucency Before and After Applying Luting Agent Layer

Sun, 13 Aug 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Comparison Between Two Ceramic Veneer Materials in their Color and Translucency Before and After Applying Luting Agent Layer Bubteina, Najat H.; Mohamed, Rafa A.; Mohamed, Saied H.