https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1366 المجلة الليبية العالمية 2026-10-05T02:04:59Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1571 تأثير الزحف العمراني على الغطاء النباتي في المنصورة وسطية– الجبل الأخضر– ليبيا- 2009-2021 إدريس العجيل, أ.خميس; جبريل مسعود, أ.موسى; محمد مصطفى, أ.حسين This study was conducted to investigate the effect of urban areas on the composition and type of vegetation cover. Close sites were chosen in this study to overcome differences in location, climate and topography in Al Jabal Al-Akhdar region .Study sites were selected in the region extending from Mansura in the east to Settia in the west, taking into account that the study sites are on the same latitude, and that there is no difference in topography and elevation between them to ensure consistency between sites .Biodiversity indicators (abundance - plant composition - similarity coefficient - homogeneity coefficient) were calculated in the study sites. Twelve plant species of trees and shrubs were found in all study sites, and Juniperus phoenicea L. and Pistacia lentiscus Pass. were the highest prevalent. The distribution and homogeneity of plants were different from one site to another, as the Juniperus phoenicea L. was the most homogeneous in three study sites, while Pistacia lentiscus Pass. and the Cistus incanus L. were homogeneous, each of them in one site separately. Average vegetation coverage, loss rates of vegetation cover, and number of plant individuals lost per hectare were calculated for all plant species under study in the five locations. The results have found a significant loss of plant species covering the study sites, and the highest percentage of decline was for Juniperus phoenicea L, Pistacia lentiscus pass. and Ceratonia siliqua L, while the Rhammus alaternus L., Saureja thymbra L., Phlomis floccose D.Don, Cistus incanus L., Marrubium volgare L. and Sarcopoterium spinksum L. showed a decrease, but at a lower rate. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1570 مستويات الراحة الفسيولوجية للإنسان في منطقة الحنية محمد ساسي, أ. حمد This study examined the levels of Physiological comfort for human in EL Hania Area, The study aimed to what is the levels of Physiological comfort for human in EL Hania Area, as it aimed to know the comfortable and uncomfortable months of a person in the Area, To achieve these goals , the descriptive approach was used as well as the quantitative approach by applying the temperature and humidity index and this determine the comfortable and uncomfortable months in EL Hania Area , the necessary climate data were also collected from various sources, The study found that the comfortable months in EL Hania Area are April May October and November and that the uncomfortable months are January February March July August and December. The study recommends maintaining the arable lands surrounding the Area 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1569 Is Libyan Arabic a corrupted language: A study of Libyans’ attitudes towards the use of Libyan Arabic (ҁa:mmijjah, dariʒah) عبدالحميد فرج أدم, د. صالح; رشيد يونس, أ.خوله This paper aims to explore the Libyans people’s attitudes towards the linguistic status and use of Libyan Arabic dialect (ҁa:mmijjah, dariʒah) as it is employed on a daily basis. Libyan Arabic is often denigrated and described as a corrupted, not codified and problematic language when assessed against fusˤћa:, the language of governmental affairs, religion, medium of instruction in schools and the official language of Libya. However, recent studies revealed that Libyan Arabic has crept into high domains exclusively reserved for Standard Arabic such as the mosque and the schools (1). In fact, some characters that are affiliated with and reserved for Modern Standard Arabic have been lent to Libyan Arabic via the process of “ideological elision” (14 p24). Accordingly, the current study examines the Libyans’ assessment of Libyan Arabic, its codification, its use in public domains, media, advertisements and whether this dialect is considered as a corrupted language in a diglossic setting. Sallabank (32 pp61-62) correlates language attitudes and ideologies with the way individuals perceive language vitality and practices and accordingly, with language policy. This paper also investigates how Libyan people perceive Libyan Arabic as an in-group marker and of identity. The results in the current study revealed that the Libyan people evaluated Libyan Arabic positively at not only the functional level but also at the symbolic level. Age group as a social factor turned to be descriptively significant since the younger age group showed more inclinations towards dariʒah. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1568 جذور عقيدة التثليث عند النصارى حسن سعد, أ.فتحي The title of this paper is the roots of the doctrine of the Trinity for the Christians, as the roots of this belief will be searched for in the ancient pagan religions and beliefs, and the aim of this paper is to trace this creed in the past and the signs of the existence of this belief among those pagan nations with their positivist religions before their existence among the Christians. The paper was divided into six sections: The first topic talks about the doctrine of the Trinity in terms of concept and meaning, and the second topic is about the doctrine of the Trinity for the Christians, as we did not elaborate on the details or the differences between the Christian groups or the criticism of this belief. After the roots of this doctrine in the ancient pagan nations; Then after this study comes the answer to the question of where did this belief come from? The answer will be in the four sections, which are a study on the ancient Egyptian creed, then the study of Hinduism, then the study of Buddhism, then the study of Confucian religion, then the conclusion, and then the list of sources and references 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1567 Exact solution for local fractional Diffusion and Wave Equations on Cantor Sets A. H. Mtawal, Ahmad.; A. Maity, Eman. In this paper, the local fractional homotopy perturbation method and the local fractional Sumudu transform are used to study diffusion and wave equations defined on Cantor sets with the fractal conditions with local fractional derivatives. The LFSHPM analytical method minimizes the computational size and may be applied directly to fractional differential equations without any linearization, discretization of variables, transformation, or restrictive assumptions. It provides series solutions that converge quickly in a few iterations. The proposed analytical method is successfully applied to diffusion and wave equations defined on cantor sets with fractal conditions, and proved to be highly efficient and computational accurate 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1566 ليبيا في عصور ما قبل التاريخ عبدالله بوحجر, د.سعد 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1565 Blades of Hattiat Hifan in the Oases of Jaghboub mohamed hassen abubaker, Dr.fatma; A.ali mohamed, Dr. hana Study Summary This study deals with four blades and five stone tools One of which is a manufacturing nucleus found in Hattiat Hifan south west of Al- Jaghboub, now placed in the tobruk military museum. There are also in the museum natural stones were found in the Oaeses. When these stone subjected to thorough study it appeared that they were man- mide belonging to the upper palaeolithic period, to be dated between 30470 thousand years ago, it was also evident from the oxidation which covered these tools that they are not from the same region, as it appeared that some of them were brought from other regions, and after tracing the manufacturing technique we notice the existence of manufacturing difference, they demonstrated the existence of a diverse technical thought. As for the manufacturing nucleus or the main mass of stone, the tool maker extracted from it a lot of flakes for the manufacturing of other tools, when a number of tools was subjected to studies it did not provide enough information about the culture of the period This , no doubt,affect the importance of research, several directions have been taken to increase the information in order to present the subject in a balanced way. The study delt with types of rocks used in making tools. The specification of the blades and their defect. It was important to study the culture and industries of the upper palaeolithic period in the eastern reigon of libya and be familiar with its sites and observing the nature of the archaeological evidence specially in the green mountain, the benghazi plains, and desert areas surrounding the city of al-kufra. From all this we may reach a conclusion that confirms the ancient human settlement in Jaghboub, which began since the lower Palaeolithic Age. These conclusions can be reached after making a comparison between the Siwa tools and tools of the previously mentioned Oases. It is proved that the two regions share one culture The study ends with a conclusion and a recommendation as a preventative measures in order to protect the cultural heritage of the Oases. 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1564 نقوش رأس الجمل الصخرية في منطقة كرسة عبدالله بوحجر, د.سعد Study summary This study deals with a group of engraving which was found on a small rocky extension on the summit of a hill known as Ras al-Jamal on the area of the karsa plain, located between the village of karsa in the west and the borders of the city of derna in the east. These art work represent five wild animal engraved by a simple recessed engraving technique, four of which are known as the Oryx in the Arabic language (al-Dhaba) of the Sahara or wild cows (Oryx), as for the other animals are unknown due to its lack of clarity, and all of these engraving were executed by simple engraving technique small sized figures geometric in style. The artist excelled in achieving this, what can be stated about these works is that they are limited to wild animals, engraved in the open air. contrary to what is known of the rock art in the Green Mountain the disappearance of human figures that is usually accompany the animals in cases of hunting and grazing animals. Small circular depressions can be seen, probably the Damma popular game solution cavity. With the distribution of the various old and modern building remains near the site of the engraving. Stone tools can also be seen. what can also be stated that Ras al_Jamal is unique in that it represents one type of animal that did not exist any were in the north eastern Libya. The region, in general, seems to be subjected to climatic change, including periods during which the temperature was high. This was confirmed by the type of animals represented in the engraving. Aims of study: The main purpose of the study was to record and document these art works and locate Its position on the archaeological map of the Libyan sites, that is due the lack of any recent studies which deals with the prehistoric periods. It is also our intention is to limit the sites of rock Arts in the eastern reigon of Libya, it is the aim of this study to lay the foundation on a scientific bases and to be treated just as in the Libyan south western region. Studying the Ras.al-Jamal site and publishing them will no doubt draws the attention to the need to protect and include these sites in future plans as the embodiment of a pure Libyan culture. The method used in the study: According to the nature of the material studied, it was necessary to use the descriptive method of comparative analysis after conducting field studies should be represented in the visits: taking measurements, photographing the works, recording notes and collecting some Archaeological finds. in that way the topics are dealt with in a scientific method and interpreting of the archaeological data to know how man in that period managed to deal with the geographical reality in ancient times. 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1561 الأوبئة في التاريخ الإسلامي وكيفية تعامل المسلمين معها علي عبد الرازق, أ. ريم شكلت الأوبئة تهديداًكبيرا للمسلمين في العصور المختلفة، بل حصدت أروح الناس حصداً، تاركة وراءها ما يمكن وصفه بكوارث كبرى تركت بدورها آثاراً سلبية بالغة القسوة على الصعيد الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والعمراني، من ثم السياسي في نهاية المطاف؛ فكانت موجات متتالية من أوبئة الطاعون قد ضربت البلاد الإسلامية وتركت آثاًرا مدمرة لأوجه الحياة، وفي هذا البحث ستكون الدراسة عن أسباب الوباء وطرق العدوى وكيف تعامل معه المسلمون في التاريخ الإسلامي 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1560 واقع الاشاعات في منصات التواصل الاجتماعي من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعة ) دراسة وصفية تحليلية ( براني الدامي, د.جلال; امراجع امصادف, د. فتحي The study aimed at the reality of rumors in social communication from the viewpoint of university students, and the researchers used the descriptive method in this study, The questionnaire was used as a data collection tool, The questionnaire was applied to a sample of university youth at the Faculty of Arts, Tobruk University, whose number is (1150) students enrolled in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample was chosen using a random sample method, which consisted of (72) students, 6% of the original community, and the study reached a set of results, the most important of which is that the concept of rumor among the members of the research sample is a distortion of news, most of which is true. Also, spreading sedition, causing confusion within society, distorting certain personalities in society, and questioning the integrity of others are the most important motives for spreading rumors according to the viewpoint of the research sample, and the most important solutions proposed in limiting the spread of rumors are statements from official bodies to deny rumors, neglecting rumors, and not spreading them. one more time. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1559 Forming a transistor test circuit by using 555 timer .N. Maznouk, Dr.Noura; .A. Almaarati, Dr.Ghiath; .M.Yousef, Rafee * In this research we have formed a circuit to exam the transistors of the types npn and pnp and detect the transistors that work from the damage . * We used the formation of this circuit on the basic component is the 555 timer , and we used several other pieces of electronic will come to mention later. * We tested many transistors by the previous circuit. 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1558 أثر تمويل المصارف الإسلامية في نجاح المشروعات الصغرى والمتوسطة في ليبيا(دراسة اقتصادية على فروع الصيرفة الإسلامية بالإدارة العليا بالمصرف التجاري الوطني، ومصرف الوحدة الرئيسيين، بمدينتي، البيضاء وبنغازي) يونس موسى عبد العزيز, د. محمد; الهادي ابوشعالة, أ.كريمة The Effect of financing Islamic banks in the success of small and medium enterprises in Libya (An economic study on the branches of Islamic banking in the upper management of the National Commercial Bank, and the Al Wahda unit bank, in the cities of Al-Bayda and Benghazi) This study aims to present the best investment methods in Islamic banks in the Libyan small and medium enterprises, by studying the most important Islamic financial tools, which can be used in financing high-quality economic development projects, in order to achieve raising the level of citizen's income, and raising the level of (GDP) in Libya And in order to address the problem of unemployment among young Libyans, and to address the problem of inflation, represented by the low purchasing power in the Libyan society, to cause the high prices, the lack of liquidity in the banks, and the accumulation of goods, because the economic development plans in Libya have faltered during the past years and now, and made them plague the Libyan economy that weakened the ability to achieve advanced economic development and achieve a strong economy that has the ability to face crises on the one hand, and on the other hand the importance and successes of the role of applying Islamic banking financing methods in supporting the national economy, which focus on financing economic development projects, which have An active role in providing the necessary local financial resources; To increase the rate of economic growth in its projects, and to support the strong economic stability, which we are trying to present in this study, through the employees of the Islamic banking department in the Supreme Administration Office of the main National Commercial Bank in Al-Bayda city, who are (55) employees and employees, as well as the employees of the Islamic banking department .The senior management at Al-Wahda Bank in the city of Benghazi, and their number was (49) male and female employees, as the total study population was (104) male and female employees, and the study sample was determined according to (Morgan 1970) table with (75) respondents, and the data analysis was used to solve the sample codes. By measuring the relative weight, the arithmetic mean, and the standard deviation, as well as the analysis by measuring the correlation relationship, to measure the impact of Islamic banking finance on the variables in the implementation of small and medium enterprises, also the (five-point Likert) measure was used to interpret the paragraphs of the questionnaire, and the analysis by the Statistics Program (Spss20). The study concluded: The need for Libyan banks to adhere to the rules and banking controls with Islamic banking finance, and to raise the level of spending on financing small and medium enterprises, in order to support the Libyan local economy; To address the problem of inflation and unemployment, and increase the level of GDP, to eliminate unemployment, or monopoly. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1557 Interactive effect of phosphorus and potassium on some properties of barley plant growth عبد القادر امقدع عبد القادر, د.سعاد; عبد القادر امقدع عبد القادر, أ.إيمان; عبد السلام عبد القادر اكريم, د.كمال To study the interactive effect of phosphorus concentration (0،75،100 and 125) ppm P of soil as diammonium phosphate (48% P2O5) and potassium concentration (0،50،100 and 125)ppm K of soil as potassium sulfate (50% K2O) on growth some properties of barley plants growth . Plastic pots experiment was conducted at Omar Al-mukhtar Univ , soil and water dept. Plant height ,shoots dry weight , roots dry weight and biological yield were determination. Results were showed that, P concentrations were significantly effect in increasement of all above properties. P125 superior at values of (39.10cm،20.0g،9.45g and 29.39g) per pot. K concentrations were significantly effect increasement of all above properties, K125 superior at values of (38.9cm، 20.39g ،11.63g and 32.01g) per pot. The interaction between concentrations of P and K increased all above properties significantly . The treatment P125 K125 was superior on all treatments at values of (42.9cm، 22.73g، 13.59g and 36.32g) per pot. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1556 THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING CONTEXT CLUES IN TEACHING OF VOCABULARY ALI ABDELRAZG MKTAD, WAFA The conducted study aimed to examine the importance of having context clues on teaching vocabulary in EFL classes. The participants in the present study are 44 female, they were chosen randomly from six classes at high school. They were divided into groups, the experimental group was taught by the researcher by using context clues such as synonyms, antonyms, giving examples and general information within the given context. The control group was taught by an English teacher at that school by using traditional ways such as giving definitions. The data was collected by using two exams as a way of assessment. The pretest was conducted before treatment to see the student's level of vocabulary skill. The post-test was conducted after treatment to see if there any difference between the two groups. The results of the two tests were compared. Clearly, the participants of experimental group were achieved better than the control group. That is to say, this educational way is an essential component in building vocabulary skill and encourage learning in general 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1553 تركز الأمطار وعلاقته بتدهور الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي في إقليم الجبل الأخضر سعد إبراهيم, محمود The most important climate factor in the growth of the natural plant, and determining the degree of their intensity in the Al-Jabil Elkader. And its awareness of the Al-Jabil Elkader. By analyzing some climatic elements in the tow stations of Shhat and Derna in the period (1945-2010), the following results became clear: 1- It emerged from the analysis of the monthly rainfall amounts in the tow stations. Using the vector method, it appears that rainfall is concentrated in the winter season especially in January, which is the coldest month. The percentage of rainfall concentration in this month was (64.1%) in Shhat and Derna it was (65.7%). 2- The period of water surplus that occurs in the winter months, and reaches its maximum in a month with a mount in Shhat (84.3mm) and it reached in Derna (8.9mm). It corresponds to a decrease the temperature reached its lowest level in the same month, which it reached (-1.8 c৹) in Shhat; which corresponded with decreased the sun shining in Shhat (4.7 hour/day). While the period of water deficit had reached to maximum levels during the driest season with a mount to scarcity of (165.2mm) in Shhat and (165.7mm) in Derna. It had also corresponded to higher Temp., with increased a number of shining hours. Plants have a critical to combing activities with unplanned humanity in degradation of natural vegetation cover. 3- It emerged from the application of the (Combier, Ch.) Criterion for the classification of the Mediterranean climate. So, there is an agreement between the increase in the actual value of precipitation, with the amount of monthly rainfall. In Shhat there are cold months, which are December, January, and February are wet months. While the hot, or dry months that start from May to September are very dry months. In Derna, the months of the Winter season, semi-wet months started from July to November and are almost dry, and this corresponds to reduces the actual value of the rainfall and hence reduce vegetation density, which predominates human exploitation with rapid of the degradations occurs. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1552 تحليل محتوى كتاب الاجتماعيات للصف الرابع من مرحلة التعليم الأساسي في ضوء المعايير العالمية للكتاب المدرسي موسى عبد العاطي موسى, إيناس This study aims to analyze the history textbook for the fourth grade of basic education in the State of Libya to identify the availability of the most important contemporary standards that must be provided in the textbook, in terms of (introduction, goals, content and presentation method, educational issues and activities, the method of evaluation, technical output) and represented a sample The study is in the book of social studies, which is devoted to history for the academic year 2018, 2019, in its first edition, which is titled Sociology for the fourth grade, the State of Libya, and the researcher used the descriptive analyticalmethod, and a list of the most important international standards for textbooks that were analyzed on the basis of it, and the most prominent What the study reached: The degrees of observance of the book to the standards and specifications of the good book, varied, most of the criteria varied between good, medium and weak. Mistakes in its data, the ministry of education and Education cooperated with Islamic affairs in narrating facts and information in line with the policy and culture of the Libyan Islamic community, assigning a committee by the Ministry of Education to prepare a paper outlining the general goals Education 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1551 STRESS IN ENGLISH Faraj Haroun, Mr. Abdulrahim; Salem Elsharif, Mr. Masoud Many learners of English as a second language face a big problem in specifying stress of words. The present study aims at shedding some light on these important issues of word stress. Stress is usually associated with loudness or force, the force of a syllable or an utterance. The study has three sections and a conclusion. In the first section, definitions of stress, stress as a phoneme, the relationship between word stress and sentence stress, the relationship among stress and other suprasegmentals, and degrees of stress are studied. A presentation of stress predictability of monosyllabic and bisyllabic nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs is the content of the second section. Section three deals with the relationship between morphology and phonology as far as stress is concerned. The present study is primarily restricted to deal with word stress. Sentence stress needs a sophisticated analysis of other suprasegmentals like pitch and intonation. Examples are all authentic, and they are presented as in the original references. Also, we try to restrict our treatment and transcription to the Broad British Transcription (BBT) or Phonemic Transcription (PT), unless the discussion needs some reference to the American Transcription (AT). 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1548 " ثورة نيقا (النصر) سنة 532م وآثارها على الإمبراطورية البيزنطية" خالد هزاوي, د.انتصار The Emperor Justinian faced a frightful rebellion in the capital which nearly deprived him of the throne, this riot was known as the Nica revolt. The events that led to this revolution are based on the arrest of supporters of the Blue and Green parties - the two parties that the people of Constantinople were divided into according to the clothes that the riders wore - in the Hippodrome. On January 11, 532 AD, a fire broke out in Constantinople in the most violent riots that Constantinople witnessed throughout its history, many people were killed and the most beautiful buildings were burned and destroyed, including the Church of Hagia Sophia. This paper examines the emergence of the Blue and Green parties as social and political entities in the Byzantine Empire. It also studies the role of Justinian's policy, imposing heavy taxes on the people and his failure to meet their demands, which was a direct cause of this revolution. This study will also clarify that although the Nica riots and the destruction that befell Constantinople, this revolution represented the true beginning of Justinian's era. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1547 دراسة حقلية ومعملية لدورة حياة حشرة سوسة سنابل الحبوب صالح العسبلي, د.جميلة The objective of this study is to determine the apperance time and the life cycle of wheat spike weevil Pachtychius hordei (Brulle) Coleobterea, curculionidae in EL-Marj Region in the East of Libya during 2015 to 2016. The study is applied on weeds and Grain crops fields (wheat and barley). By field visiting every two weeks from Mid February to harvesting time (end of May) it also continued after harvesting season. According to the results obtained, P. hordie was distributed on all El-Marj regions on Fam. Graminea (weeds, Barley, Wheat), adults are feeding on leaves, lay one egg in the grain (Lactic stage, 1⁄4th of grain size), the larvae feed on grains then turns ub to free white pupa inside grain , next season emerges as adult, it has one generation per year but some adults have summer dormancy, thos adults stay alive to next season with pale color, then eggs on weeds and wheat and barley remain from the last season and then they invade all the field.the pest have one generation per year and some adults live for tow years. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1546 بناء البيئة القصصية في رواية نزيف الحجر لإبراهيم الكوني عبد لله حسين حيدر, د. فيصل In its theoretical aspect, the study deals with the concept of the narrative environment, through narrative time and space. It reviewed the importance of narrative time, methods of arranging it, and techniques for its durability, and tried to link its rhythm with the temporality and nature of the language. She also dealt with place in the narration from multiple perspectives, such as ownership, the dialectic of the ego, the other, and authority, and the description of the worlds of man and things, antagonistic polarizations, and spatial dimensions. In its practical aspect, the study dealt with the text by analyzing and approaching all that was preceded, in an attempt by the researcher to elucidate the art of building space and time in the text of al-Koni (stone bleeding). 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1545 ضوابط إجراء القياس في مسائل الزكاة المستجدة عبدالوهاب بالعجول, د. معتز There is no doubt that everything that is revealed to the Muslims has an obligatory ruling, fixed by the Qur’an and Sunnah, either with its evident or hidden evidence. Among these calamities are the emerging issues of zakat, we mention its forms and its ruling, with an explanation of its obligation according to the controls that, if any, are obligatory for the beneficiaries and their disbursements. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1533 Effect of Dietary Ginger Rhizome Powder Addition on Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Bucks A. Embark, Jamal This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the addition of ginger rhizome powder (GRP) to the rabbit bucks ration on semen quality and semen plasma traits. A total of 28 male New Zealand rabbits (7- month- old), divided into four groups; the first treatment served as a control (Con; 0% ginger); the second, third, and fourth treatments were supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% ginger powder in the diet, respectively. The results revealed no change in ejaculate volume, a significant increase in the mass sperm motility, sperm concentration, total sperm output, total motile sperm, live sperm, and Total functional sperm fraction. Dietary ginger reduced the reaction time, semen pH, and the percentage of abnormal sperm. Bucks that received 1.0% or 1.5% dietary ginger had a higher seminal plasma total proteins, albumin, globulin concentrations, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities. Conversely, seminal plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Practically, it can be concluded that ginger is a suitable supplement for improving semen quality and semen plasma in adult male rabbits. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1532 أنماط السيطرة الدماغية لدى طالب الصف الثالث للمرحلتين الإعدادية والثانوية في مركز المتفوقين ببنغازي صالح حسني سويسي, د. شوق; سليمان مفتاح رجب, أ. زهرة The study aimed to identify the prevailing pattern of cerebral dominance (right, left, integrated) among middle and high school students in the Center for Excellence in Benghazi, The study also aimed to uncover differences in cerebral dominance patterns attributed to the two variables of gender (male - female), and the stage (preparatory - secondary) in the Center for Outstanding Students in Benghazi, The sample of the study consisted of (125) male and female students in the third year of middle and high in the Center for Excellence in Benghazi And it became clear from the results of the study that the integrated pattern of cerebral dominance was the most common among students of the third year of middle school and the students of the third year of secondary school, with a percentage of (65%). The third secondary in the patterns of brain control attributed to the two variables of gender (male - female), and the stage (preparatory - secondary) in the Center for Excellence in Benghazi 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1531 الوظيـفة التســويقيـة و مكانتها التنظـيمية بالمنظمات الصـناعية الليـبية ) دراسة تطبيقية على شركـــات الصــــناعــــــات الغذائية الخاصة بمدينة بنغازي ( محمد احمد الدراجي, أ . مرعي; عبد العاطي محمد نصر, أ . محمد; محمد مسعــود البدري, أ. يـوسـف This study mainly aimed to determine the position of the marketing position in industrial organizations in Benghazi, where the vocabulary of the study was all the managers of the upper, middle and lower departments of the industrial organizations operating in the private sector for food industries in Benghazi, which amounted to (97) managers. It also followed the descriptive and analytical method, using a comprehensive survey. Among the most prominent results of this study is that the position of the marketing function in these organizations is low. Accordingly, the study recommended the need to raise the position of this position, by making the person responsible for the marketing title within the organization's top organizational leaders in order to be able to participate in decision making, in order to ensure that the organization understands the marketing considerations. The study also suggested conducting future research on industrial organizations operating in the same sector regarding the subject of the study, taking into consideration the nature of he industry, the size of the organization, as well as the volume of production, as this study did not consider these considerations as its determinants. 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1530 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Uses of Medications during Pregnancy among Pregnant Women at El-Marj City Saeid Miftah Mashathi, Rajab This study aimed to assess medication use in pregnant women in EL-Marj city (Libya) by measuring use, knowledge, awareness, and beliefs about medications. Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving a total of 66 pregnant women who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, in EL-Marj city . a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect participant data. Results and Discussion: Most women had a positive attitude toward medications in general but they believed pregnant women should be more cautious regarding drug use during pregnancy. The women with a university degree were 56 %, compared to 38% secondary and 3% primary, and 3 % illiterate. 56 % of the participants are housewives; while 33% were employed in a non-health-related sector, 11% in the healthcare sector, and other characters in the study. Conclusion: During pregnancy, women were more conservative and skeptical toward medication 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1529 المهارات الدفاعية وعلاقتها برتيب الفرق بالدوري الليبي الممتاز لكرة السلة مصطفى علي, د. مراد The current year of the study referred to the differences in the defensive skills of theteams under discussion, as well as ... the first class in the Libyan Premier League, and one of the most important results was that there were statistically significant differences in the teams under study in the first class, as well as in the ranking, due to the high values of The defensive variables, whenever he is in the foreground and is entitled to the largest number of wins, and each of (the correct defensive position , defense against dribbling, quality in time, defense against correction, the steel hijacked ball contributed) to the results of the matches, as well as the following prediction equation = match result -3.300+ (Defensive Position) Correct x 0.142) + (Defense against Dribbling x 0.065) + (On Time x 0.108) + (Defending against Shooting x 0.213) (Hijacked Ball x 0.122.) 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1528 POTENTIALITY OF SHALE GAS IN GHADAMIS BASIN AS FUTURE ENERGY RESOURCE, LIBYA Leil, Ibrahim M Abou; M. El feitur, Ali In the first ten years of the atheist and the twentieth century has seen signs of a qualitative change in the field of global energy sources, where there are signs of a relative change in the global favorite sources for energy. However, shale gas is the emergence of the global gas market strategies, including associated characteristics as market supply and demand, costs and prices. It is clear that global discoveries of shale gas reserves will re-formulate the geopolitical map of the energy, and will be one of the main sources in the future. After studies and research in many countries U.S. Federal Agency estimates for the Energy Information that shale gas resources could increase recoverable gas by more than 40%, as well as this suggests the possibility of the transformation of many gas-importing countries to producer countries, and some countries may become gas exporter in the future. All these facts pave the way for a new phase become the shale gas wealth that may lead to significant changes in the path of gas trade in the next decade, which may affect the markets and the prices of international oil and gas. On the other hand, shale gas exploration and production facing many challenges such as technical applications, environmental impacts and scares of water for hydraulic fracturing and that don’t comply with the international regulations. The reserves estimated by EIA indicate that the technically recoverable reserve (TRR) of shale gas in Ghadamis basin ranging from 80-120 tcf. While the ARI study estimated that for Libya the gas-in-place is 1,147 tcf, while the recoverable reserves are 290 tcf. The latter is more than five times longer than the country's proven conventional reserves. Of the gas-in place, 57 tcf are in the Ghadamis basin and 1,090 tcf in the Sirte basin. The main objective of this study is to highlight on the assessment of shale gas discovered in Ghadamis basin in Libya using SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat) analysis matrix, and comparing evaluation parameters such as basin area, pay thickness, depth, total organic hydrocarbon, and technically recoverable reserve with other basins in the world, as shale gas a new source of energy 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1527 Contextual Influences on English Language Teaching in Libya M Orafi, Senussi; Mahmoud Othman, Salah; A. A. Amar Elshiltamy, Saad There is no doubt that the educational process in any context is affected by the contextual influences that are prevalent within this particular context. Thus, what happens inside the classrooms between teachers and students is often decided by these contextual influences. These influences are to some extent intertwined and affected by the culture of the educational system including elements such as teachers’ beliefs about learning and teaching and the classroom expectations of both teachers and students. This paper therefore sheds light on these contextual influences in an attempt to facilitate the process of English language teaching in Libya. This paper provides useful messages and implications for educational policy makers, curriculum reform processes, teacher education programs in Libya and elsewhere 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1526 إدارة الوقت لدى رؤساء الأقسام العلمية جامعة بنغازي من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس )دراسة ميدانية بكليتي الآداب والعلوم سلوق- الأبيار( سليمان العشيبي, أ. محمود; رمضان محمد مخلوف, د. عيسى; احطيبة فاضل الكاديكي, أ. فتحية The objectives of the study were to identify the degree of practice of time management among the heads of scientific departments in the College of Arts and Sciences / Saluq Alabyar from the viewpoint of the faculty members, and to find out whether there is a difference between the views of the members of the research community about the degree of practice of the heads of scientific departments in the College of Arts and Sciences / Saluq Alabyar To manage time according to the two variables (degree / years of experience). To achieve the goals, a descriptive survey method was used. The questionnaire was used, which consisted of two parts: the first section included general information related to the members of the research community, and the second section consisted of (42) paragraphs that were distributed into four main areas: the field of time planning, time management, time implementation, time control, The sample of the study consisted of (69) faculty members, and to process the data, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (spss) was used, where the Alpha Cronbach equation, percentages, arithmetic means, standard deviations, and the T. test were used. The study concluded the following results: The degree of practice of the heads of scientific departments in the College of Arts and Sciences in Saluk for time management from the viewpoint of faculty members according to all fields and the overall degree came with a low practice score, There is no difference between the views of the study sample on the degree of time management practice among the heads of scientific departments according to the variables of academic rank and experience 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1525 دور المؤسسات الاجتماعية في تحقيق الرعاية الاجتماعية للأطفال المعوقين ذهنيا وأسرهم الهرام حسن, د. احمد the paper included a set of main points regarding the services provided by social institutions for people with special needs from the mentally retarded, and it took an intellectual sequence in listing its basic elements and determinants, starting from the definition of concepts in general, and their most important goals and importance as well as the causes of menyal disability and social implications. The Consequences of the presence of a mentally handicapped child in the family, in addition to reviewing the role of the family with severely handicapped children , the family's role with the disabled and its integration into society , and highlighting of the services provided by social institutions for people with special needs . 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1524 استلهام الحكاية الشعبية في المجموعة القصصية الخيول البيض لأحمد يوسف عقيلة سماته و دلالاته المصري, المصري منصور فضل The Libyan researcher and narrator Ahmed Yousef Aqeelah owns a large stock of folklore that arose in his memory due to his Bedouin upbringing in the village of Omar Al Mukhtar in the bosom of Wadi Al-Kouf in the Green Mountain. His passion from his earliest days has been to collect and write these stories. The reader of Ahmed Yousef Aqeelah's works feels from the first story that in the face of a literary text closely related to the heritage, the writer unleashes his memory associated with an overwhelming desire to integrate into an ideal world that he created in his imagination through the stories of his aunts and in the depths of that link between the art of narration and heritage, the image appears on the other hand, when he creates a literary text imbued with heritage, the reader hardly touches a line between the reality of the writer and his heritage which belongs to the authority of memory. This study deals with the phenomenon of inspiring folk tales in the fictional works of the writer Ahmed Youssef Aqeelah. The research aims to highlight the link between the writer's short story and the heritage of the folk tale, through a critical analytical study that reveals the features and the effects of this inspiration 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1522 (التزام الطبيب التبليغ عن الأمراض المعدية (دراسة مقارنة بني الفقه الإسلامي والتشريع الليبي محمد أبو بكر اسويب, د . آمنة This research aimed at an important exception regarding the doctor’s commitment to maintain the patient's confidentiality, which is to report an infectious diseases. It focused on the concept of the patient’s confidentiality, its conditions, the perspective of Islamic law on that , and prioritizing doctor's obligation to report infectious diseases over patient's confidentiality under certain regulations of doing so and the penalty for breaching them , in a comparative approach between Islamic jurisprudence and Libyan legislation. The research came in an introduction, two articles, and a conclusion . 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1521 "واقع الإشاعات في منصات التواصل الاجتماعي من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعة " دراسة وصفية تحليلية The study aimed at the reality of rumors in social communication from the viewpoint of university students, and the researchers used the descriptive method in this study, The questionnaire was used as a data collection tool, The questionnaire was applied to a sample of university youth at the Faculty of Arts, Tobruk University, whose number is (1150) students enrolled in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample was chosen using a random sample method, which consisted of (72) students, 6% of the original community, and the study reached a set of results, the most important of which is that the concept of rumor among the members of the research sample is a distortion of news, most of which is true. Also, spreading sedition, causing confusion within society, distorting certain personalities in society, and questioning the integrity of others are the most important motives for spreading rumors according to the viewpoint of the research sample, and the most important solutions proposed in limiting the spread of rumors are statements from official bodies to deny rumors, neglecting rumors and not spreading them. one more time. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1520 دراسة ميدانية علي مجمع طبرق الصناعي covid-19 المسؤولية الاجتماعية للشركات في ظل جائحة كرونا جمعة محمد علي, د. مصطفى; عطية عبدالسلام, أ.عبدالسلام The study aims to identify the role that companies play within social responsibility in light of the outbreak of a deadly epidemic threatening human life represented in the emerging corona virus, and to search for the role that the companies under study play, the direction of workers and customers and the societal role towards society, based on the theory of stakeholders he study found that companies are committed, in light of the Corona pandemic, to maintaining the health and safety of workers and customers by distributing protective masks and alcohol, sterilizing work sites and places of service performance, and companies have not laid off their workers while bearing their costs, taking into account the social dimension, and supported some government agencies in providing goods. At a lower price than the market, the study also found that the companies under study did not assist the health sector by providing sterilizers and masks, and the isolation centers did not help in providing oxygen cylinders devices as a social role for them in facing the crisis 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1519 المشكلات الأكاديمية التي تواجه طلبة الدراسات العليا في جامعة عمر المختار وجامعة محمد بن علي السنوسي في مدينة البيضاء عبدالله مجحود, زينب The study aimed to identify the most prominent academic problems among postgraduate students at Omar Al-Mukhtar University and Muhammad bin Ali Al-Senussi University in Al-Bayda city and to clarify the effect of both sex and the university in the emergence of these problems, and the number of the sample members reached (105) students from postgraduate students The researcher used a measure of academic obstacles for postgraduate students prepared by the researcher and it consists of (20) items, and the researcher calculated the psychometric properties of the scale to ensure the validity of the scale, and the study reached the following result: 1. There are differences in the academic problems of postgraduate students in terms of their order, as it was found that the highest problem is that graduate students do not have enough time to enjoy hobbies and social activities, and the least problem is the objection of some members of the teaching faculty from providing assistance to students. 2. There are no statistically significant differences in the academic problems of postgfraduate students according to the difference between the sexes (male / female). 3. There are no statistically significant differences in the academic problems of graduate students according to the different university (Omar Al-Mukhtar / Muhammad bin Ali AlSenussi). 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1518 أثر التمويل و المصارف الإسلامية في نجاح المشروعات الصغرى والمتوسطة في ليبيا يونس موسى عبدالعزيز, د. محمد; الهادي بوشعالة, أ. كريمة The Effect of financing Islamic banks in the success of small and medium enterprises in Libya (An economic study on the branches of Islamic banking in the upper management of the National Commercial Bank, and the main unit bank, in the cities of Al-Bayda and Benghazi) This study aims to present the best investment methods in Islamic banks in the Libyan small and medium enterprises, by studying the most important Islamic financial tools, which can be used in financing high-quality economic development projects, in order to achieve raising the level of citizen's income, and raising the level of (GDP) in Libya And in order to address the problem of unemployment among young Libyans, and to address the problem of inflation, represented by the low purchasing power in the Libyan society, to cause the high prices, the lack of liquidity in the banks, and the accumulation of goods, because the economic development plans in Libya have faltered during the past years and now, and made them plague the Libyan economy that weakened the ability to achieve advanced economic development and achieve a strong economy that has the ability to face crises on the one hand, and on the other hand the importance and successes of the role of applying Islamic banking financing methods in supporting the national economy, which focus on financing economic development projects, which have An active role in providing the necessary local financial resources; To increase the rate of economic growth in its projects, and to support the strong economic stability, which we are trying to present in this study, through the employees of the Islamic banking department in the Supreme Administration Office of the main National Commercial Bank in Al-Bayda city, who are (55) employees and employees, as well as the employees of the Islamic banking department in the Diwan The senior management at AlWahda Bank in the city of Benghazi, and their number was (49) male and female employees, as the total study population was (104) male and female employees, and the study sample was determined according to (Morgan 1970) table with (75) respondents, and the data analysis was used to solve the sample codes. By measuring the relative weight, the arithmetic mean, and the standard deviation, as well as the analysis by measuring the correlation relationship, to measure the impact of Islamic banking finance on the variables in the implementation of small and medium enterprises, also the (five-point Likert) measure was used to interpret the paragraphs of the questionnaire, and the analysis by the Statistics Program (Spss20). The study concluded: The need for Libyan banks to adhere to the rules and banking controls with Islamic banking finance, and to raise the level of spending on financing small and medium enterprises, in order to support the Libyan local economy; To address the problem of inflation and unemployment, and increase the level of GDP, to eliminate unemployment, or monopoly 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1507 لمحات عن الحياة الثقافية في مدينة غدامس خلال فترة العهد العثماني الثاني "1842-1911 " علي مسعود, د. منيرة The city of Ghadames during the second Ottoman era was a scientific beacon, and it was distinguished from other cities in the western state of Tripoli by the abundance of writings and mosques in it, in addition to the corners and the spread of Sufi orders in them, which contributed to the elimination of the spread of illiteracy among the people, and the creation of an educated elite, which contributed to the advancement of education And the culture of the city community during that period. an educated elite, which contributed to the advancement of education And the culture of the city community during that period. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1506 جمعية عمر المختار و تأثيرها السياسي و الثقافيو الاجتماعي و الرياضي علي مدينتي بنغازي و درنة 1943-1950م مفتاح الجنزوي, د.جميلة; سليمان اقجام, أ.عزيزة The Omar Al-Mukhtar Association was active as a political movement in Benghazi and Derna during the second half of the forties of the twentieth century, and the choice of the name was in memory of Omar Al-Mukhtar and the jihad in Libya, as it is a political opposition movement that confronted British colonialism, and demanded the independence of Libya as a unified country, and confirmed the Arabness of the country by calling for its joining The League of Arab States, and expressed itself in statements, meetings, demonstrations and articles in newspapers, and the association was expressing the views, emotions and feelings of a segment of society that is predominantly revolutionary and nationalist, and most of them are young and many of them have received a great deal of education in Egypt, so the association had political weight Great in Cyrenaica with its boldness in taking national stances affecting the Libyan public opinion, as the press and demonstrations were used as a means of pressure on the British administration and the Libyan government later, and it seems that the national government in Cyrenaica and the British administration were aware of the position enjoyed by this association on the street Al-Libiy, especially in the cities of Benghazi and Derna, so I fought it with all force and put obstacles in front of it so that it would not have any political entity or influence in Cyrenaica, so it sought to solve it and was able From that in 1951 AD, and we will talk here about the emergence of Omar Al- Mukhtar Association and its branches, the stages of development it went through, and its political, cultural, scouting and sports activities. This research aims to shed light on the role of Omar Al-Mukhtar Association and its opposition to the British administration, contrary to the political trends carried by the founders of this association with the political trends of Prince Idris Al-Senussi, which led to its clash and opposition at times to Prince Idris. We will try here to raise some questions that need to be addressed. Scientific and objective answers and the axes of this research will be as follows: When did Omar Al Mukhtar Association originate in Egypt and how did it move to Benghazi? What are the goals of this association and the political confrontations of its owners? What were the most important political events that the association faced and how was its position on it? What is the cultural, social, sports and scout political role that the association played in Benghazi? How did the association open a branch for it in Derna? How this assembly ended. The answer to these questions will be the subject of our research paper in which we try to clarify the political, cultural, social and sports role of this association in Benghazi and Derna 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1505 جمعية عمر المختار و تأثيرها السياسي و الثقافيو الاجتماعي و الرياضي علي مدينتي بنغازي و درنة 1943-1950م مفتاح الجنزوي, د.جميلة; سليمان اقجام, أ.عزيزة The Omar Al-Mukhtar Association was active as a political movement in Benghazi and Derna during the second half of the forties of the twentieth century, and the choice of the name was in memory of Omar Al-Mukhtar and the jihad in Libya, as it is a political opposition movement that confronted British colonialism, and demanded the independence of Libya as a unified country, and confirmed the Arabness of the country by calling for its joining The League of Arab States, and expressed itself in statements, meetings, demonstrations and articles in newspapers, and the association was expressing the views, emotions and feelings of a segment of society that is predominantly revolutionary and nationalist, and most of them are young and many of them have received a great deal of education in Egypt, so the association had political weight Great in Cyrenaica with its boldness in taking national stances affecting the Libyan public opinion, as the press and demonstrations were used as a means of pressure on the British administration and the Libyan government later, and it seems that the national government in Cyrenaica and the British administration were aware of the position enjoyed by this association on the street Al-Libiy, especially in the cities of Benghazi and Derna, so I fought it with all force and put obstacles in front of it so that it would not have any political entity or influence in Cyrenaica, so it sought to solve it and was able From that in 1951 AD, and we will talk here about the emergence of Omar Al- Mukhtar Association and its branches, the stages of development it went through, and its political, cultural, scouting and sports activities. This research aims to shed light on the role of Omar Al-Mukhtar Association and its opposition to the British administration, contrary to the political trends carried by the founders of this association with the political trends of Prince Idris Al-Senussi, which led to its clash and opposition at times to Prince Idris. We will try here to raise some questions that need to be addressed. Scientific and objective answers and the axes of this research will be as follows: When did Omar Al Mukhtar Association originate in Egypt and how did it move to Benghazi? What are the goals of this association and the political confrontations of its owners? What were the most important political events that the association faced and how was its position on it? What is the cultural, social, sports and scout political role that the association played in Benghazi? How did the association open a branch for it in Derna? How this assembly ended. The answer to these questions will be the subject of our research paper in which we try to clarify the political, cultural, social and sports role of this association in Benghazi and Derna 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1504 تأثير السموم و المخلفات الناتجة عن النزعات في 17 فبراير 2011 بمدينة البريقة - ليبيا و مدى الوعي بمخاطرها امبارك سعيد, مريم; يوسف زيو, فاطمة; محمدعمر حميدة المغربي, سالمة The research included two main aspects, the theoretical and practical aspect (the questionnaire) to acquaint on residuals of liberating battles at Berga city and the population how dealt with it. Whereas the research society who residents at Brega city and included (employees & students, nurses and doctor) at each of Martyr Mohamed Elmagaryaf school - Bright star university – Brega rural center –clinic- Sirt Oil Company. ( 377) questionnaire ) and (291) response of the questionnaire , (77.2% ( The research revealed• :The males ratio approach to females ratio and most of the sample the it is age reach to less of twenty years and next in the age duration more than thirty years and most of them from industrial area . After battles there are diffused difference types of insects , such as mosquitoes flies cockroach in the reason of rubbish aggregation and scrapes on the roads and more corpses and hydro boggy 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1503 النافذة الديموغرافية الليبية "دراسة في فرص الظهور و الاستفادة منها " إبراهيم الهمالي, محمد This study dealt with the Libyan demographic window and the opportunities for its emergence and the extent to which it can be utilized. The importance of the study lies in identifying the demographic shifts and changes that have occurred in the Libyan population, from studying the demographic transition of the Libyan society by studying the relationship between birth and death rates, and the indications of the emergence of the demographic window through an index of rates Fertility, infant mortality rate, dependency rates, and changing proportions of the working-age population from 15 to 64 years. It also examined the extent of benefit from the demographic window by studying the relationship between the actually employed population and the non-working population of the working age population, and the study concluded that the birth and death rates have decreased significantly since From 1950 to 2015 and that rates decreased either the general fertility rate or the total fertility rate, the infant mortality rate decreased from 254 per thousand to 12 per thousand, and the proportions of the working-age population increased from 46.5% in 1984 to 67.4% in 2019 and that the growth rates of the population In the working age, it was higher than the growth rates of the total population, and that the percentage of actually employed persons of working age is still low and constitutes 47.7% in 2012, and that the unemployed The percentage of those of working age is high, at 52.3%. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1502 اشكال النحت المائي بهضبة البطنان شمال شرق ليبيا "دراسة جيومرفولوجية " هلال لمين بوحويش, د. الدامي The research deals with the study of the forms of water sculpture in the Al-Battanan plateau, especially in some precise geomorphological forms in the valleys, such as renewal points, diving pits, rock terraces and piedmont, then studying the slopes and analyzing the map of gradients and directions of the slopes of the plateau. The study area is located between longitudes 23.15 degrees east to 25 degrees east, and two latitudes 30.00 degrees north to 32.06 degrees north latitude. And the desert, with an estimated area of about 55,475.22 square kilometers. This study is preceded by an introduction and includes determining the location of the study, its objectives, its importance, the reasons for choosing the topic of the research, and some of the previous studies, and to achieve the objectives of the research, the inductive approach, the analytical method, the quantitative method and the cartographic method were used, as the study relied on geological and topographic maps, geographic information systems technology and remote sensing, In order to determine the exact geomorphological shapes of the valleys 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1501 Effect of seasonal variation on GOT, GPT, and ALP enzymes of Chelon Labrosus (Risso,1826) in Umm Hufayn - Eastern Libya K.A. abdalhafid, Yousef; A.M. mohammed, Ezaldin; A.M . Moftah, Souad; Mahmoud Faraj, Mabroukah seasonal variation one of the most an important phenomena which are the effect on most animals in the environment, this is study concentrate on understanding the effect of seasonal variation on GOT,GPT and ALP and the results revealed that, the levels of GOT, GPT, and ALP enzymes of Chelon Labrosus during four seasons, The assayed GOT and GPT levels were markedly increased during autumn comparing with winter while ALP level almost remained stable. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1500 توظيف الصور الفنية في استدعاء الشخصية التاريخية في الشعر المعاصر " شخصية صلاح الدين انموذجا " عمر محمد محمد بشير, محمد He managed Arabic poetry with it’s a esthetic componets presenting his own artistic vision ,for our Arab history,including the events it contains and symbols and historical figures who have had an effective role in changiny our contemporary Arab reality. The salary of the sihuddi is the first thiny to form the figures formed, I have a lot of trapped poets, the attacked the faces, multiply their multiplies specifies the personalities, and what is reguired by each stage of the sammeing. Whether the poet is expressed or expressed the diversity necessitateddivdingthe research into an introduction and two researches and its conclusion to limit the artistic im ages as a substance that changes every thing in poetry and remains to its owner the signs of ingenuity and evideuce of genlus 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1499 الهجرة الغير شرعية للشباب اسبابها و اثارها علي الامن الاجتماعي الليبي ابو زيد ابوبكر, د.زينب; امحمد صالح, أ.يوسف The topic of immigration is one of the old topics, which was dealt with by many researchers and academics from several disciplines such as law, politics, geography, history, economics, sociology, due to the importance of studying it and the political, economic and social implications that it has on the individual and on society as a whole. On the causes of youth tendencies towards illegal immigration outside their homelands. Disclosure of the motives for illegal immigration among young people, and the implications thereof. A descriptive approach was used The sample consisted of (120) students, in a simple random way, and in this research a questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data, and it was divided into three axes, as the results of the research revealed that the causes of illegal immigration are due to poor economic conditions, and the results indicate that the motives of migration are not Legitimacy was represented in the high costs of dowries, marriage expenses in the country of origin, and political and security stability in the countries of immigration to them. Among the implications of illegal immigration is the presence of illegal immigrants in the formation of smuggling gangs as a trade In people and drugs, the research reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: Recommendations: Paying attention to the importance of the danger of illegal immigration, in coordination between the countries that export illegal immigration and the countries that attract them, and the establishment of international conferences and seminars on a regular basis with regard to illegal immigration, it is possible to benefit from the experiences of countries Major and advanced in facing illegal immigration and overcoming it 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1498 اثر الدين العام هلي النمو الاقتصادي في ليبيا دراسة تحليلية قياسية عن الفترة "1980-2019" خليفة دلعاب, د.ابوبكر; عبدالكريم علي باللوازيم, أ.حسين; منصور عطية, د.علي An issue of public debt accumulation and economic growth has become one of the most convoluted global issues since several decades ago. Thus, this study aims to verify the effects of public debt levels on Libyan economic growth, in addition to identifying an optimal level of public debt. By using a set of statistical tests, such as Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), on a sample of annual data during the time period from 1980 to 2019. Results show that there is an inverse relationship between levels of public debt and economic growth, suggesting that increasing levels of debt will impede future economic growth, while investment rates positively affect economic growth. This means that higher investment rates will push economic growth towards an increase in the future. As for the optimal level of public debt was at 80% of GDP, because an increase in the debt ratio over this rate will lead to a decrease in economic growth rates. Therefore, it is imperative for the fiscal authorities to reconsider a distribution of public expenditures, by concentrating on investment expenditures instead of current expenditures, as well as the public debt rates must not exceed 80% of GDP. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1497 فن بناء الحبكة في رواية نزيف الحجر لابراهيم الكوني عبدالله حسين حيدر, د.فيصل In its theoretical part, the study deals with the concept of the plot as an artistic organization of events according to a logic of the narrative, and reviewed some of the opinions of critics about the plot, and its most important classifications and types. And the division of the plot in the text, and its relationship to the timeline of the narration, and I arrived - after studying the most important features of the plot in the text: (Stone Bleeding) - that the narration was based on the plot of a disjointed and complex melodramatic event 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1496 العلاقات اللليبة السودانية "1969م - 1989م " ابو القاسم محمد الهادي, د.هاجر Most historical studies indicate that the relations between Libya and Sudan started from the Roman era before the Arabs reach North Africa. Commercial caravans across the Sahara played a prominent role in the development of relations between the two countries. Relations between the Sudan and Libya were weak in the post-independence period during the period of the former monarchy، which lived in total isolation from the Arab and African world despite the ties of geographical proximity، Arabism and Islam until 1969، when two military regimes collapsed in both countries. There was a great rapprochement between the two new regimes ، influenced by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser، and his Arab nationalism strategy، which brought broad hopes based on the integration of three elements، the Egyptian labor، the Sudanese land and resources and the Libyan capital 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1495 التناص في شعر ابي الطيب المتنبي ابوبكر عبدالقادر الكندرو, د.خليفة; يونس غيث, د.بسمة The theory of intertextuality, with which the western critics were concerned, illustrates the relationship between the literary texts with respect to the influence of the former texts on the formation of the following texts or what is called the overlap of texts. This terminology comes into view in the second half of the twentieth century by Julia Cristephia who benefited from the researches of the Russian critic Bakhtin who studied the works of the novalist . According to Cristephia, the intertexuality means the generation of a text from another text. Then, they together go into a dialogue and scientific relationship. This was in contrast to Rivatir's opinion, where he mentioned that the intertexuality does not restrict to the relationship between a text of previous texts; however, it exceeds to discuss the connection between a text with the following texts. He assesses the work at the moment of writing and reading respectively which gives a more important role to the reader and reading in achieving the intertexuality of the text. This terminology was expandedly utilised by Arab critics in the eighth decade of the twentieth century; nevertheless, its implementation was rare. This research attempts to investigate the literary, religious, and cultural intertextuality in the Abu Al-Tayyib Al- Mutanabi's poetry whose collection of poems were full of these intertexualities. Most of his work was indirect which confirms the poet's profession in his poetic work which leads the researcher to divide this study into three sections. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1494 On the existence of a unique solution of a coupled system of differential equations with the nonlocal two-point boundary conditions L. Miftah, Imbarak; M. Jawwad, Abdulbari; A. Abrahim, Jamal The aim of the paper is to study the existence of a unique solution of a nonlocal problem of coupled system of differential equations with nonlocal two-point boundary conditions. By means of Banach fixed point theorem, an existence result of a solution is proved for the nonlocal problem considered 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1478 Paterfamilias, Materfamilias, and the Gendered Semantics of the Roman Household Richard P. Saller الجارح محمد العلواني, د. أكرم 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1477 سكان بلدة ام الرزم- شمال شرق ليبيا دراسة جغرافية الرواشدة, أ.د. زهران; اهويدي, د. غادة; موسى, د. ابوبكر UM ARUZAM TOWN is situated in the eastern part of the Coastline Stripe and at the Al Bombah Gulf , Libya , with 40 km. eastern of Derna City, as well as, it belongs to the semi arid land region, with very lack of rainfall and scarcity of water sources' in this region. An attempt has aimed to study the population change size, growth rate attitudes and their demographic & geographical characteristics'. The study has also estimated the population ages structure &sex percentages change and with their Population Pyramid pattern. An investigated has also studied the population resettled, and revealed the main factors affected on the different geographical phenomenal of the area population. So, to a chive this goal, besides the Censuses data, a random sample of 150 families were selected, representing8.1% of the target population, was using questionnaire technique. As a result, the study generally indicated that UM ERUZAM population's growth curve was moved very slowly rate due to high out migration. UM ERUZAM population's growth rate can be classified in to three category groups: Maximum growth rate, which it has rapidly ranged from 4.4%-5.0% during the period of 2015-2019and 1984-1995. Medium population growth rated less 3.0% which it has recorded during the Censuses of (1973-1984 and 1995-2006 )and2006-2019. The maximum growth rate of this area's population because the resettlements project for the herding nomadic, Bedouin and to the agricultural projects as well as to civil jobs, with available services facilities; e.g.; health's, schools, transportations', etc.. Low growth rate under 2.0% it was recorded during the periods 1954-1964,1964-1973 and 2006-2015. It can be attributed this rapidly decreased of population growth rate, and it expected to continue decline, because it can be attributed to the failed of most development projects in this rural area, as well as the growth rate is mainly depended on the natural growth with the lack of inmigration movement I . The main factor responsible the increases percentage of medium ages group of the population community are the substantial improvement of health care, educations and welfare facilities, which are available in this area. According to the demographic cycle standers, the UM RUZAM population growth rate can be posted in the third category , which it means that the population society is still belonged to the youth stages 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1476 رحلات المغاربة الي الي بلاد المشرق العربي و اثارها العلمية " 6-8 ه/12-14ه " سلامة حسن سلامة, د.تهاني Moroccans' trips to the Islamic Mashreq is a form of interaction and cultural communication between Islamic countries, and a categorical indication of the strength of the relationship between Morocco and the East; The Mashreq, as the birthplace of revelation, the sacred places it contained, and the knowledge, knowledge and pioneering flags it acquired, was a destination for students of knowledge from all Bekaa, and that is why Moroccans, like others, were keen on the journey to the countries of the East and to the most famous of its scientific centers. As the trip to the East is almost the only means of transporting knowledge and the most valuable books to Morocco. It was natural for Moroccans to be keen on performing the Hajj and seeking knowledge at the same time. Hajj is one of the most important links that linked the East and the Maghreb, and worked to transfer and unify the culture between the two countries, so the Moroccan trips to the East had significant spiritual and scientific effects. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1475 الغلو في الدين محمود الفاخري, د. رافع فالمغالاة في التدين اذا هي التشدد و التصلب في مجاوزة الحد المطلوب و المقدر شرعا 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1474 Solve job shop scheduling problem with sequence dependent setup times using a local search algorithm with different neighborhood search structure Mahmoud Hamed, Mohammad; A.Mohamed, Hamzah; Eeshim, Somaia In this study examines job shop scheduling problems with sequence dependent setup times under objective function minimization of makespan (JSSP/SDST/ Cmax ). An effective meta-heuristic, local search is a meta-heuristic method for solving computationally hard optimization problems. Local search can be used on problems that can be formulated as finding a solution maximizing or minimizing a criterion among a number of candidate solutions. Local search algorithms move from solution to solution in the space of candidate solutions (the search space) by applying local changes, until a solution deemed optimal is found or a time bound is elapsed. The performance of the local search depends on its neighborhood search structure (NSS). We used five methods from neighborhood search: Swap, Migration Mechanism (MM), Inversion, shift, and a proposed robust neighborhood search method. The results showed that the new PNS method gives less makespan value with different problems size (15x15, 20x15, 20x20, 30x15, 30x20, 50x15, 50x20 and 100x20) taken from the OR- library compared to previous well known neighborhood search methods. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1473 On Hyper Ideals of Γ – hypernear-ring .A. AbouElwan, Yasser; .O. Fanoush, Mahmoud; S Elmabrouk, Tarig In 2010, hyperideals of Γ- hypernear-ring introduced by B. Davvaz [8] . In this paper, arbitrary union and intersection of a family of hyperideals of Γ- hypernear-ring is hyperideal of Γ- hypernear-ring are proved. This study showed that, the quotient Γhypernear-ring ( M/I, ⊕, ⊙ ) is Γ-hypernear-ring. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1472 On The Existence of A Unique Solution for Systems of Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations of Order m A. Bojeldain, Abdussalam; E. Muhammed, Saif Alislam In this paper, a theorem for local existence of a unique solution for a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations ( NODE ) of order m has been stated and proved. The proof was done using contractive mapping theorem in a metric space subset of the Banach space consisting of the bounded differentiable functions on the real numbers and equipped with a Bielescki's type norm. As an application of the theory, an example has been given. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1471 برنامج مقترح للمقررات الرياضية الداعمة لطلبة كليات الهندسة في ليبيا خليل يوسف صليي, أ.عبير; عبدالله علي ابو هربيد, أ.سوزان; العريفي عمر الشارف, أ.د. أحمد This study is addressed to the problem of constructing a module of mathematics scheme of work for engineering students in the Libyan Universities. Thus this study is concerned with investigation of the Mathematical needs of the engineering students in the Libya Universities. The following steps indicate the procedure followed to arrive to the above objective: 1. Collecting information from different sources and references about the mathematics programs intended to the engineering students followed by different Universities in different places inside and outside Libya. 2. Presenting an exploration of the Libyan engineering mathematics scheme in practice by constructing a questionnaire based up the ideas collected from different schemes under study and introduced to some staff members teaching engineering students in order to discover whether or not the mathematics scheme intended to these students is relevant to them and satisfies their needs during the years of study and their jobs after that. 3. Designing a model of mathematics scheme for these students the courses selection and topics are based upon the corresponding programs in various Universities under study . This suggested scheme was introduced to some staff members concerned with engineering students in order to investigate their view points about the course relevance and suitability to intended students. 4. Analyses of the questionnaire responses using statistical models. through this study, we reached some conclusions and recommendations. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1470 التخطيط للتنمية السياحية محمد يونس عبد الرحمن, بالعيد This research aims to highlight the role of planning in sustainable tourism development, and definition of planning in general and tourism planning in particular, and the characteristics of good tourism planning and factors of success of tourism planning, and the relationship of tourism planning with other activities, and the importance of tourism planning, and the advantages and benefits that require the adoption of tourism planning in development Tourism development, and spatial levels of tourism planning, and then is known tourism development, the most important component, the importance of tourism development, and the objectives of tourism development, forms of tourism development, stages of preparation of the plan of tourism development, and concludes this research results Reached by 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1469 الاحداث وعلاقته ببعض المتغيرات الاجتماعية (دراسة ميدانية على عينة من الأحداث المنحرفين بنيابة البيضاء الابتدائية ومؤسسة الإصلاح والتأهيل قراندة ) جاد الله محمد محمود, أ. نجاح The aim of this study is to investigate the social factors and reasons behind the practice of some bad habits in Al Jabal Al Akhdhar region, where it also aims to identify the gender of the subjects. The study was conducted on a number of events that occurred by the people that started this change in Al Baida Primary Agency and Qirnada Reform and Rehabilitation Institution. The data was collected using surveys and the results show that there are many factors that led to this deviation. The most important factors are the large size of the family; poor family control; decrease in the economic and educational levels; weakness in faith; and plenty of time wasted. Moreover, the results show that the most practiced deviation is theft, melee, and drug use, which is more common in males than females. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1468 ثقافـــــة التنميــــة ومتغيرات العولمة بن طاهر, د. رمضان The research attempts to discuss the role of culture in the development industry, by asking a major question: To what extent do cultural factors shape the progress of development? If culture dominates this formulation, then what are the cultural elements that support development and how can the cultural elements that impede development be removed or changed? To answer this question, it was necessary for us to present and discuss a number of intellectual and theoretical views, and to try to explore the theoretical framework that links these views and explains them. The research also discusses the changes that occurred in the local and national cultures due to globalization. Globalization’s objective processes imposed forms of cultural meanings of a global nature. The research also taps into the questions “to what extent can we separate the local and global cultural values?” and “Does adopting universal values mean sacrificing social and cultural heritage and giving up civilizational specificity?” Or these changes resulted from globalization being imposing objective processes that created forms of cultural meanings of a global nature, and to what extent can we separate the local and global cultural values ؟Does adopting universal values mean sacrificing social and cultural heritage and giving up civilizational specificity? Or that the introduction of universal values means: adapting these values in a framework that serves the local and national levels and promotes ؟society 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1467 مستجدات العصر ومدى تأثيرها على قيم الشباب الليبي دراسة ميدانية على عينة من الشباب بمدينة المرج سعد محمود علي, د.صالح; عبد الكريم الأزرق, د.سامي Determine the problem The crisis of values that the modern man suffers is more acute among the younger generation, which suffers from ambiguity in identity and a loss of goals, especially after the deep social and political crises and shocks that ravaged the contemporary world, and here young people find themselves today distributed between multiple goals and goals, and what it requires of various values With the desire to achieve integration and adaptation to the surrounding community, the study starts from the following questions: - What are the most important values for Libyan youth in light of the changes of the times? - What are the values and their most prominent classifications? - What are the developments of the times and their effects on youth value trends? Aim of the study: To know the most prominent and important values for Libyan youth in light of the two variables of the time To reveal the impact of the changes of the age represented by globalization in all its fields on the youth category Terminology of study: Young Abd Allah Bujalal sees that the youth stage extends from 15-26, but when procedural necessity it can be divided into progressive stages, as follows, the first youth stage falls between 15-18 years and the second youth stage falls between 19-22 years and the third youth stage falls Between 23 - 26 years old Value: Values are ideas, perceptions, judgments and motives, and they often express something desirable positive, and they have a role in influencing human decisions and choices, and they are socially accepted principles and laws, i.e. developed by society and stem from it, as they differ from one society to another and from one group to another In the same society, they are generally guiding human behavior Age variables: It means the sum of the new variables that have emerged and are expected to occur in the future at all levels Systematic procedures for the study Study type: This study belongs to descriptive survey studies, which aim to describe the general aspects of the studied community as they exist in this region and not others. The curriculum used in the study: In this study, the descriptive approach was used, which is the approach followed in most social research, because of its role in helping the researcher to provide data and information on the subject of the study and help in analyzing and interpreting it and revealing the relationships between the variables of the study. The study sample : The sample of the study is the youth from Marj city who were randomly chosen using the random sample method, where the sample items reached 50 single from the Libyan youth. Conclusion of the study results: - The "family" came first, which confirms the importance of that value in their lives, due to the fact that the family is the first institution in which a person is raised and guides his values and future behavior. - Either the value of religion and belief "is at the highest of their chosen values, as it was 70%, and then the value of" trustworthiness "among the young respondents came to - Trust is one of the important values promoted by religion, and this indicates the important role played by the family and the belief of young people in that importance. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1466 البــــطالة وانعكاســاهتا على الشباب العربي ) رؤية نظــرية،وحلول عملية ( بوبكر محمد شعيب, د.سالم The study aimed to identify the reasons of joblessness and its affects with the great ways to reduce their affects, the study use the description way to reach the results, which prove that high education system and the environment of work, unjust distribute of resources, in addition, the study reach the youth avoid the physical Jobs, including the social problems as divorce, crimes, the study recommend we must support the youth projects, and change the strategy of planning in all the sectors of high education and resources 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1465 صناعة التشريع في المرحلة الانتقالية في ليبيا )ملاحظات على صياغة النصوص التشريعية والدستورية( فوزي الدغيلي, د. سلوي Law or specifically the legal text is one of the most important tools for controlling the behavior and dealings of individuals among them, so there is no room for increase or decrease. It is, i.e. the law, even if it is a human text, except that every word in it must lead to an intentional meaning that cannot be interpreted, so selecting phrases in it is one of the most important tasks that the drafter of the law must take into account. In addition to the importance of the drafting element that requires the legal text to be clear and specific, and there is an equally important component, which is the substantive unit of law, meaning that all articles of the law are regular with each other. All of these are matters that need to be studied and special training is not necessarily available in every man of law, no matter how efficient and distinguished it is. These and other matters related to the text industry urge us to put forward and answer a number of inquiries governing the process of making legislation in Libya, the most important of which are the quality of methods and factors of quality of drafting and the second On what are the main principles governing the preparation of draft laws, the last of which is about making legislation in the transitional phase in Libya. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1464 أصالة النحو العربي ‌عبدالنبي عطية المبروك, أ. سليمان; عبدالرحيم فضل سالم, أ. مجدي We gave a brief summary of the history of the emergence of Arabic grammar, as we mentioned that the direct reason for the emergence of this science is the Holy Qur’an and its sciences, but rather the pillar for other Islamic sciences, and that this was done by the first Arab linguists, who lived before the age of contact with the cultures of other nations And this confirms that he is an Arab at the origin and status of his situation. In the first topic, we mentioned the opinions of those who were influenced by the Arabic grammar in its early stages by external influences, from Arabs and Orientalists, and the responses to it from some Arab researchers, and the fair from the Orientalists, and what they provided in that of historical evidence and others, in order to prove the authenticity of the Arabic grammar, and the second topic is devoted to responding On one of the Arab researchers, it is: Dr. BayoumiMadkour is a passionate advocate of these views 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1463 العطف على الضمري المجرور " دراسة في القاعدة النحوية وشواهدها القرآنية " عثمان علي عوض, د.عمر; عثمان حممد بومعافه, د . عيسى This research is a study of one of the issues of grammatical discord that has been widely circulated in grammar books, which is the question of requiring the return of the neighbor with the one on the defective conscience, and in it a detailed presentation of its grammatical aspect by presenting the grammatical views on this issue and achieving its percentage to its owners, ridding it of its youth of excess and confusion, and trying to Confine all the evidence and evidence invoked by each team, then move to provide a descriptive statistical study of the Qur’anic evidence of sympathy for the defended conscience to determine the characteristics of the Quranic use of this type of composition, and how the grammatical dispute in this matter affected the expression of the verses in which the opinions of grammarians differed. B It is necessary to say that it is permissible to show sympathy in it on the connected conscience without repeating the deprecated with the virtuous, and to state that this is not permissible. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1462 السخرية والتهكم في الأدب العربي الحديث ) لافتات من شعر أحمد مطر – أنموذجا - ( بن عودة, د. بلقاسم This is also one of the themes of the Holy Quran that moved the souls of tyranny and restrained them from their injustice by reviewing themselves. It is also a matter of the Qur'an, In modern times, irony has become a prominent theme of the spread of injustice and tyranny, especially in modern poetry, and on this basis we wanted through this research to unveil a part of this subject to illustrate it, and we have raised the following problematic: How did the writers of the era deal with ridicule? What are the purposes for which ridicule was used? The problem of this irony is presented by a number of secondary questions such as the concept of ridicule, its purpose, types, and relationship of ridicule in society. We have presented the poet Ahmed Matar as a model for this method followed by statistical analysis and comparison in the model we chose 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1461 Analysis of Students' Errors in Translating English Pronouns into Arabic Ahmed AL-Darraji, D. Othman; Faraj Haroun Mahmmed, Abdalraheem; Burawi Ahfeida Elorfi, Hamida This research explores the analysis of students' errors in translating English pronouns into Arabic. In order to examine students' translations, translation test, which consists of different sentences that have different pronouns types, as data for this study. Quantative and qualitative study is used in this study. Fifteen students from Semester VIII from the Faculty of Education, Benghazi University in the academic year 2020 undertake the test to render some pronouns into Arabic. The results showed that students face difficulty in the translation of pronouns into their mother tongue, Arabic. The findings also revealed that they had difficulty in translating relative pronouns with the percentage of 50%; followed by demonstrative 34%. The lowest percentage was interrogative and possessive pronouns. It is revealed that in spite of that students have studies pronouns in their grammar courses at the faculty, yet most of them were not successful to render them properly 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1460 حدود الحرية محمد صالح عبد الكريم, د. نجاح The research discusses a number of interrelated ideas, which are intended to lead us to the conclusion that absolute freedom is absolute corrupt, and that freedom is not limited by law and ethical and social and political controls is a chaos that leads to conflicts and dismantling the ties of society, and awareness of society's rights to maintain cohesion through The introduction of the liberal concept of freedom in contemporary political philosophy. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1459 المنهج التجريبي عند العلماء المسلمين دراسة تحليلية نقدية القرنشاوي, د. رمضان; المبارك, د. فرج Research topic: The experimental approach in the philosophers of Islam in order to get acquainted with its foundations and concept with them and know how they established their scientific knowledge on observation and experience, and stand on their research methods, and how they formulated their scientific theories, and learn about their scientific achievements that preceded the West, as well as stand on the nature of the scientific method And the concept of science and research so that we can determine the scientific starting points from which Muslims began, and also the research attempts to find out the accuracy of Muslims and their interest in the experimental scientific method as defined in our time knowing that they laid the foundations and principles of research in experimental sciences and consideration Of general before the beginning of the Renaissance European, and that their compositions were good given to the development of modern scientific research, as well as praise and appreciation of contemporary Western scholars on Muslim philosophers This research also reveals how Muslim scholars formulated their scientific theories based on a scientific method based on experience and observation from scientific hypothesis to theory, and this research also refutes the suspicions of Western scholars in their claim that Islamic scholars were immune to the experimental scientific research method, and that they transferred their knowledge On the West, they have no role in the progress of the various sciences. Rather, many of them went on to say that Muslim sciences were dominated by theoretical rather than empirical nature. Many Muslim scholars have come to many scientific facts, in many medical and chemical sciences, pharmacology, and astronomy, and some have prepared mercury ointments used in the treatment of some ice sores and the preparation of "sulfuric acid".And he reached from them the results of research in the magnification of lenses that paved the use of lenses to fix eye defects, and some of them had achievements in many sciences and arts. In the field of astronomy, they invented a device to monitor the coordinates of the stars. Also, they performed very accurate surgeries such as eradicating early-stage cancerous tumors, incision of the throat and trachea, and removing the abscess from the lung crystal membrane, and they were exposed to kidney stones and explained how to extract them. In addition to describing some gynecological diseases, such as: vaginal obstruction, and fibroids. The research dealt with a lot of scientific terms related to scientific research such as research and scientific knowledge, science and scientific knowledge, the various aspects of science, the features of scientific knowledge, the concept of the scientific method, and the concept of the experimental approach and its importance, and the research also dealt with the importance of the scientific term especially for Muslim scholars especially "Al-Razi T 313 AH ), Ibn Sina - 428 AH, Jabir bin Hayyan T 200 AH, and Al-Ghazali T505 AH and others We have concluded at the conclusion of this research many of the scientific achievements attributed to Muslim scholars and how those achievements contributed to the scientific renaissance in Europe . 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1458 مورفولوجية سبخة الكوز – مشال شرق ليبيا " دراسة في الجغرافيا الطبيعية" Sabkha is spread along the Libyan coast and varies in its forms and sizes. Coastal sabkha is an important and influential morphological phenomenon that can contribute to the development of coastal areas. The aim of this research is to identify the characteristics of the Alkoz Sabkha, to identify how they originate, their water sources and environmental factors affecting their origin and to reach their pros and cons to benefit from them in the development of the region, both in terms of agriculture and in the development of the infrastructure of roads and industrial facilities. The study shows that there are a number of factors that affect the composition of the sabkha soil and its physical and chemical properties. The effect of these factors varies according to the general conditions of the sabkha. 2017 (30.18 hectares) showed that the total area of sabkha decreased by 4.8 hectares, as a result of the intervention of the human factor in the region and the decrease in precipitation. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1457 نتاج النماذج الطبوغرافية بواسطة بيانات الاستشعار عن بعد - Model Elevation Digital ) دراسة تطبيقية بإقليم الجبل الأخضر في الجزء الشمالي الشرقي من ليبيا ( رمضان علي سعد, عادل This study sought to produce topographic maps of the first edge, which is part of a mountainous region extending over a large area estimated at (8450) square kilometers, the study area constitutes about (2952) square kilometers, and using remote sensing data The 30- meter Digital Elevation Model produced by NASA, using spatial analyst tools in GIS software, produced a contour map and a gradient map Slope, the Aspect Direction Map, and the Tilt Shadow Map Hill shade 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1456 القيم التربوية المتضمنة في قصص الأطفال )دراسة تحليلية( مفتاح الجنزوري, د. فريحة The study aims to discover the educational values which are included in children's stories (a collection of stories by the AL-Sadeq Al-Nayhoum from first edition in 2002 and published by Dar AL-Intishar Al-Arabi - Beirut Lebanon. Sentence analysis is used in this study. Samples consists of seven stories which are: Sailboats of EL-Sultan, The Goodhearted Salt Seller, Best Thief in the Kingdom, Magic White Eagle, The Bone and Poor, Sin of Juha, and Children's Food. Findings reveals that the seven stories included 159 repetition of values and these values are ranged from one story into another. The highest value was at cognitivetheoretical value , it was 43 with the percentage of 27%. Followed by "moral-religious" values, which was 30, with a percentage of 18.8%. The third value was social-human, which was 24, and with the percentage of 15.1%. Finally, the “health-preventive and professionaleconomic” values were 18, with a percentage of 11.3%; and the lowest values in the stories were “aesthetic-recreational” which was 4 and with a percentage of 2.51%. It has been noticed that the story (Sailboats of Sultan) was full of values: where it contained 42 repetitive values, followed by Childern's Food story. Where it had 32 repetitive values. The third story was Salt Seller , where it had many repetitions of values. The lowest values were found in the story of The Bone and the Poor. Generally, values which are included in the above mentioned stories were few regarding childhood stage. They were not directly approached; and addressing the bad values in the stories. The study reached to a number of recommendations, which belong to the results 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1455 التوافق النفسي و الاجتماعي لدى عينة من المعلمين المتقاعدين بمدينة القبة عبد الجواد أبوبكر, د.أبوبكر; المبروك صالح, د. حامد; صالح حمد, أ. نجلاء; فائز زكري, أ. احلام The study aimed to reveal the psychological and social compatibility of retired teachers, as well as the differences in psychological and social compatibility between the two sexes. The sample consisted of (31) male and female teachers from retired teachers in the Guba city. The study used the psychosocial compatibility scale, prepared by Al-Qattan 1982, and the study results revealed that there are statistically significant differences (at 0.01 level) between the average of the study sample on the degree of social compatibility and the hypothesis average in favor of the average sample level, which indicates a low level of social compatibility in a sample The study, while there were no statistically significant differences on the psychological compatibility and general agreement. The study results also did not find statistically significant differences between the mean of the male sample and the average of the female sample in all dimensions of compatibility 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1454 معوقات الممارسة النفسية نظر وجهة الأخصائيين النفسيين )دراسة ميدانية علي الأخصائيين النفسيين العاملين بالمؤسسات الاجتماعية والتعليمية في مدينة المرج ( الناجي عمر, أ.خالد The present study aimed to identify the most important obstacles of psychological practice practice that facing the psychologists working in social institution and education in the city of Al-Marj by answering the question of study , which states the most important obstacles of psychological practice in psychologists working in social institutions and education ? The sample consisted of ( 70 ) psychologists from Al-Marj city , and use the questionnaire of obstacles which is prepared by the researcher and consists of ( 14 ) paragraph , which was able to achieve the objects of the study and answer the question of the study to verify the sincerity of the tool was presented to a number(3). arbitrators and the results resulted in the amendment of some paragraphs as extraction of selftruth was C value (86.) to extract the stability and then use the coefficient Koder Radicarson where the value of stability (75.), which is an acceptable stability coefficient, and after verifying the validity of the tool, after returning the forms from the study sample, the researcher unloaded on the statistical packages program for social sciences to be after Statistical data processing. In the analysis of data, the researcher relied on percentages, repetitions and relative weight. After the statistical treatment, the results showed that the constraint (the lack of means of work in a way that ensures the good functioning of psychological practice) came in first place by more than (70%) and came in second place with a disability Recognition of the importance of the work of the psychologist and noncooperation with him (by 73%) and came in the third place impeded (working time for the psychologist is inappropriate) by (66%) and came in fourth place with a hindrance (assigning the psychologist to administrative work completely distant About their specialties and tasks) 65% came in fifth place with crippling (lack of recognition by officials of the importance of the work of specialist psychological and marginalize him professionally) and percentage (50%). Key words (handicaps - psychological practice - psychologist); The present study aimed to identify the most important obstacles of psychological practice practice that facing the psychologists working in social institution and education in the city of Al-Marj by answering the question of study , which states the most important obstacles of psychological practice in psychologists working in social institutions and education ? The sample consisted of ( 70 ) psychologists from Al-Marj city , and use the questionnaire of obstacles which is prepared by the researcher and consists of ( 14 ) paragraph , which was able to achieve the objects of the study and answer the question of the study to verify the sincerity of the tool was presented to a number(3). arbitrators and the results resulted in the amendment of some paragraphs as extraction of selftruth was C value (86.) to extract the stability and then use the coefficient Koder Radicarson where the value of stability (75.), which is an acceptable stability coefficient, and after verifying the validity of the tool, after returning the forms from the study sample, the researcher unloaded on the statistical packages program for social sciences to be after Statistical data processing. In the analysis of data, the researcher relied on percentages, repetitions and relative weight. After the statistical treatment, the results showed that the constraint (the lack of means of work in a way that ensures the good functioning of psychological practice) came in first place by more than (70%) and came in second place with a disability Recognition of the importance of the work of the psychologist and noncooperation with him (by 73%) and came in the third place impeded (working time for the psychologist is inappropriate) by (66%) and came in fourth place with a hindrance (assigning the psychologist to administrative work completely distant About their specialties and tasks) 65% came in fifth place with crippling (lack of recognition by officials of the importance of the work of specialist psychological and marginalize him professionally) and percentage (50%). Key words (handicaps - psychological practice - psycholo 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1453 دراسة أنشطة وقت الفراغ لدى طالب كلية الآداب والعلوم المرج بدر حمد, د. أحمد The study aims to identify the forms of leisure activities in students of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-marj as well as to identify the order of these activities according to importance and from the point of view of the sample, the researcher has relied during his study on the descriptive curriculum, and one of the most important results was that the highest activity in the axis of sports activities was PlayStation with an average of 2.60 and always in response and the lowest equestrian activity and an average of 1.60 and towards a response never, and the highest activity within the axis of cultural activities surfing the Internet with an average of 2.46 and in a direction of response always and the least activity writing and writing and writing and an average of 1.43 and towards the response Never, the highest activity within the center of artistic activities is watching television with an average of 2.53, with a constant response direction, less activity of fine arts, an average of 1.28 and a response rate of never, and the highest activity within the axis of social activities family meetings with an average of 2.41 and a constant response direction The lowest activity of scout ing activity with an average of 1.46 and a response direction never, and the highest activity within the activities of the activity of the cellular activities journeys with an average of 2.36 and the direction of the response always and the least activity of the camps and an average of 1.61 and towards the response never, and that the order of leisure activities according to the responses of the sample in The first playstation is an average of 2.60, always in response and less activity of fine arts, with an average of 1.28 and a response direction at all. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1452 إصابة الرابط الصليبي الأمامي وإعادة تأهيلة باستخدام بعض الأجهزة الطبية والتمرينات العلاجية محمد ابوبكر احمد, أ .علي; فتحي يونس بالقاسم, أ .محمد; المهدي مراجع المبروك, أ .محمد The research aims to identify the effect of a training program using medical devices and therapeutic exercises in the rehabilitation and rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injury in the knee joint. The experimental method was used in the pre- and post-measurement method for its suitability to the nature of the research. The research sample was chosen randomly (30) with rupture of the ligament The anterior Crusader is a frequent and registered al-Marj complex for comprehensive social careThe training program consisted of medical devices and therapeutic exercises. Measurements and tests were used from (infrared rays, sound waves, electrical stimuli, measuring tapes and stationary bike). Positive and excellent results have been achieved as we found that there was an improvement and increase in the circumference of the thigh, knee and leg, as well as a marked improvement in The positive and negative range of the thigh, knee and calf, as we recommended to pay attention to training programs accompanied by medical devices in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury and other injuries and that dealing with this injury quickly so as to save time and effort for the injured and the treatment and Also continue to perform therapeutic exercises after the end of the treatment phase 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1451 اتجاهات طالب قسم علوم التربية البدنية والرياضة بكلية الآداب والعلوم المرج نحو الترويح الرياضي والثقافي سليمان بوهديمة حامد, أ. علي; حسن علي عبدالعزيز, أ. وسيم Because recreation is important in filling the free time that leads to anxiety and stress, and to relieve the psychological pressures experienced by the individual in his daily life, we paid all of that to study sports and cultural recreation, and the researchers used the descriptive approach as it is best suited to presenting, discussing, interpreting and extracting the results of the research, where The research community consisted of 330 students from the Department of Physical Education and Sports at the College of Arts and Sciences El-Marj, and a random sample of them was selected at 35% and their number reached 115 students. , The researcher found that students are characterized positively towards the recreation sports and cultural, and their awareness of its importance, which reflected positively on research. 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1449 Cloud point extraction and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in the determination of Cu (II), Cr (III), Cd(II), Fe(III) and Mn(II) using Glycerin and PO/EO-block polymer as a surfactant عبدالكريم خطاب علي, د. حمدي; حسين عزالدين, أ. رحاب A simple cloud point extraction (CPE) method has been proposed for the separation & preconcentration for determination of Cr3+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions by complexation with ammonium pyrrollidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) in the presence of Glycerin and PO/EO-block polymer. The phase separation occurred when micellar solution was heated at 60◦C. A complete separation of the metal ions with and without addition of chelating agent could be achieved at PH= 3-10 the efficiency of separation is 85-100%. Glycerin showed 75- 100% separation for Cr3+, Cu2 and Mn2+ while PO/EO-block polymer showed 60-99% for Cd2+and Fe3+. Other factors also tested include surfactant and metal ions concentration, temperature, time and foreign ions. One gram of surfactant is an enough amount for separation of 20 ppm of each metal ion solution. The analysis of metal ions were carried out using flame atomic absorption spectrometer with deuterium lamp background correction and calibration curve method. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1448 المعاناة النفسية لدي زوجات شهداء حرب الكرامة حسين عبدالخالق المبروك, د. فاطمة; بالقاسم عيسي, أ . هنية; سعد منيسي, أ.رحاب The study aimed to identify the level of suffering from psychological trauma in the wives of martyrs in Tobruq city and the scale was applied to a sample of (20) wives ranging in age from (20 years to 45 years ) where the Al Mazini scale (2011) was used to measure the suffering of psychological trauma . The truthfulness of the study tool has been verified using the truthfulness of consistency, where it turned out that the study instrument has high truthfulness coefficients. The truthfulness coefficients for each of paragraphs scale and the total degree of the psychological shock suffering scale ranged from (0.433-0.755) and the correlation coefficients between the dimensions of the scale and the total degree of the by Alfa Kronbach's Wacht (0.94), the emotional dimension (0.71), the mourning dimension (0.60), the physiological dimension (0.73) and the cognitive dimension (0.94) Some statistical processors have also been used using the SbSS statistical package, namely computational averages, standard deviations, T-Test, and one way ANOVA variance analysis. The results of the study on the following points: -Sample members have an average level of trauma. -The emotional dimension comes in the first order, then the cognitive dimension, in the third order, the physical dimension, and in the fourth order, the physiological dimension. -There are statistically significant differences between respondents according to education level on the scale of suffering psychological trauma. -No statistically significant differences between the respondents according to the wife, on the scale of suffering psychological trauma. - There are no statistically significant differences between the sample members according to the number of children on the scale of trauma suffering 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z