Faculty of Science

The Expansion Method for Solving Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations

2025-10-16T00:00:00Z

The Expansion Method for Solving Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations Zainab, Ali Mousa Mohammed The -expansion method, for solving nonlinear evolution equations is reviewed and applied to solve selected equations, which have positive integer homogeneous balance number. For the equations with non integer homogeneous balance number, we suggested an approach to write a transform to reduce the homogeneous balance number to a positive integer, and as an application, we apply this approach successfully to find a traveling wave solution to the general KdV equation for . For both cases and with help of Maple tools, we compared our results with the results obtained by other methods. Theses study show that this method is an effective method, and can be used to solve many types of nonlinear evolution equations.

THE BEURLING AND CAUCHY TRANSFORM WITH NEW SPACES

2005-01-03T00:00:00Z

THE BEURLING AND CAUCHY TRANSFORM WITH NEW SPACES د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Let X be a compact plane set. Then R(X) is the uniform algebra of all continuous functions on X which may be uniformly approximated on X by rational functions with poles off X. Some results which contain the Beuring and Cauchy transforms are true for R(X). Our aim in this paper is to change the uniform algebra R(X) with some other new uniform algebras, especially A(X) which is the uniform algebra of all holomorphic functions on the interior of X.

Some Results in Bounded Relative Units Uniform

2008-03-01T00:00:00Z

Some Results in Bounded Relative Units Uniform د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي In this paper, we shall study bounded relative unit uniform algebras on compact spaces. We look at certain types of extensions of uniform algebras. We prove that under certain conditions some extensions of some uniform algebras have bounded relative units. In particular, we prove that the systems of root extensions with these conditions have bounded relative units. Keywords: Uniform algebras, Systems of root extensions, Normal uniform algebras.

ROOT EXTENSIONS OF DITKIN ALGEBRA

2007-03-21T00:00:00Z

ROOT EXTENSIONS OF DITKIN ALGEBRA د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Let us start with some standard definitions. Definition 1.1. Let S be a non-empty set, and let ƒ be a bounded, complex-valued function on S. For each non-empty set E contained in S, the uniform norm off on E, denoted by IfE, is defined by fle sup{f(x) | :x € E}. Throughout this paper, a compact space X is a compact Hausdorff topological space. Notation. Let X be a compact space. We shall denote by C(X) the algebra of all continuous functions from X into the field of complex numbers C. Definition 1.2. Let A be a subset of C(X). Then A is called separates the points of X if for each x,ye X with xy, there exists fe A with f(x) = f(y). Definition 1.3. Let X be a compact space. A uniform algebra A on X is a closed subalgebra of C(X) which contains the constant functions, and separates the points of X. Definitions 1.4. Let A be a uniform algebra on a compact space X. Let xe X. We define the following ideals in A by setting

RESULT ON THE SPACE

2007-03-11T00:00:00Z

RESULT ON THE SPACE د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي In this paper, we introduce a special space D(K,r,M,) of infinitely differentiable functions on K. We have proved Ro(K) CD(K,r,M,) if and only if (M) is a non-analytic sequence. We start with some standard definitions. Definition 1. Let K be a non-empty set, and let ƒ be a bounded complex-valued function on K. The uniform norm of ƒ on K, denoted by, is defined by = sup{f(x): xЄK). Definition 2. Let (X, d) be a metric space, and ACX. Let XE X. The distance between x and A, denoted by d (x, A), is defined by D(x, A) = inf {d (x, a) a € A}. Definition 3. Let L be a compact space. Then Ro(K) is the set of restriction functions to K of rational functions with poles off K. Notation. The set of all limits points of K is denoted by K'.

PROBLEMS CONCERNING THIN SYSTEMS

2001-05-22T00:00:00Z

PROBLEMS CONCERNING THIN SYSTEMS د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي In this paper, we introduce and discuss the concept of thin system in the area of uniform albegras. Let X bea compact subset of C and let C(X) be the set of all continuous functions from X into C. Then Ro(X) is the set of restrictions to X of rational functions with poles off X and RX) is the closure of Ro(X) in C(X). We have proved that if X is a compact subset of C with int (X) (the interior of X) is an empty set, then Ro(X) is a dense thin system in R(X). Also, we have proved that if A is a uniform algebra on the maximal ideal space A, and S is a thin system in A, then the smallest subalgebra of A containing S is a thin system in A.

Fixed points on 2-metric spaces

2012-12-11T00:00:00Z

Fixed points on 2-metric spaces د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي The concept of a 2-metric space was introduced by S. Gabler [3], Recently the 2-metric spaces has been developed extensively in different subjects by others, for example [5], [6] and [7]. Definition 1.1. Let F be a function from a non-empty set X into itself such that Fx = x. Then x in X is called a fixed point of F. Definition 1.2. A 2-metric space is a space X in which for each triple points x, y, z there exists with a real function d defined on XxXxX such that (i) to each pair of points x, y with xy from X, there is zey such that d(x, y, z) 0.

An examle of the Normality

1999-08-18T00:00:00Z

An examle of the Normality د.عبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Throughout this paper, all algebras are considered over the complex field C. We discuss the normality of a normed space D(K,M), where K is a perfect, compact subset of C and M (MA)nzo is a sequence of positive numbers. It is standard that, if int(K) (the interior of K) is nonempty and M is any sequence, then D(K,M) is not normal on K. We give an example where D(K, M) is normal on K. This means that we need to find K.with an empty int(K) and a non-quasi-analytic sequence M.

Three kinds of Uniform Algebras

2025-06-08T00:00:00Z

Three kinds of Uniform Algebras دعبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Assume X is a compact space. It is possible to construct some different uniform algebras on X. In this paper, we investigate three kinds of related uniform algebras on compact space X. They are normal, have bounded relative units and strongly regular uniform algebras. We study some results and some connections between the previous by mentioned uniform algebras.

A Study of properties of Root Extensions

2025-06-08T00:00:00Z

A Study of properties of Root Extensions دعبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Let A be a uniform algebra on a compact space X and F be a subset of A. Let A be F - extension of A. Then A is a root extension of A . In this paper, we give a study of properties of root extensions.

نوعان من الدوال الخطية على جبر بناخ

2025-06-08T00:00:00Z

نوعان من الدوال الخطية على جبر بناخ دعبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي في هذا البحث نقدم نوعين من الدوال الخطية على جبر بناخ Banach algebra A الدالة الأولى تسمى الدالة المميزة character mapping و الدالة الثانية تسمى الدالة المقدرة evaluation mapping . سوف نستعرض بعضا من خواص هذه الدوال في مجال جبر البناخ مع التطرق إلى بعض المفاهيم و النتائج الأساسية حول هاتين الدالتين. هدفنا في هذا البحث و تطوير و تنمية بعضا من خواص هذه الدوال. نقدم النوع الأول من الدوال الخطية على جبر بناخ.

فضاءات للدوال التفاضلية الغير محدوده

2006-01-01T00:00:00Z

فضاءات للدوال التفاضلية الغير محدوده دعبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي In this paper, we give two sequences of positive numbers (M)=0 which are algebra sequences and logarithmically convex sequences. Also, we give two spaces of infinitely differentiable functions C(M) and E (2,M) which are related to the previous sequences. We give some properties and results concerning these spaces.

A Result on Fixed Points

2009-04-01T00:00:00Z

A Result on Fixed Points دعبدالله, خليفة سعيد علي البركي Let T be a function from a non-empty set X into itself such that Tx=x. Then x in X is a fixed point of T. In this paper, we give the generalized of Sehgal Theorem in the area of uniqueness of fixed points in the case of metric spaces.

حصر أنواع نباتات الزينة المدخلة المسجلة في الفلور الليبية بمدينة بنغازي

2022-11-15T00:00:00Z

حصر أنواع نباتات الزينة المدخلة المسجلة في الفلور الليبية بمدينة بنغازي انتصارمفتاح سليمان عبدالله يف هذه الدراسة مت حصر 145 نوعا من النبااتت الزهرية والال زهرية اليت مت إدخاهلا مبدينة بنغازي اليت تقع يف ما يعرف "بسهل بنغازي"؛ وهو أرض منخفضة متتد من توكرة يف الشرق حىت منطقة قمينس يف الغرب ومنطقة سلوق يف اجلنوب الغريب، فتقع على خط طول 667ً 06َ 20ْ غرب جرينتش وعلى دائــرة عرض 667ً 11َ 32ْ مشال خط االستواء )مرسال، 2008(. واستخدامها كنبااتت زينة خارجية، تنتمي هذه االنواع إىل 117 جنس موزعة على )55( فصيلة و يقع منها من حيث النشأة النباتية حتت قسم النبااتت السرخسية فصيلة واحدة ؛ وعدد )54( فصيلة حتت قسم حاملة البذور ثالث فصائل من معراة البذور وابقي الفصائل )51( فصيلة تنتمي إىل مغطاة البذور ، ذوات الفلقتني ممثلة ب )42( فصيلة و) 9( فصائل تنتمي لذوات الفلقة الواحدة كما تنتمي هذه األنواع إىل أشكال منو خمتلفة حيث كانت السيادة للنبااتت الشجريية بنسبته 31.03 % ؛ تليها النبااتت العشبية بنسبه %20.69 ؛ مث عدد األشجار والشجريات الطويلة ، بنسبه %17.24 ؛ و النبااتت الشوكية والعصارية بنسبه %14.48 ؛ كذلك النبااتت املتسلقة بنسبته 8.97 % ، أما أشجار وشجريات النخيل فكانت بنسبه 7.59 % من عة هلا قيمة اقتصادية كبرية حيث تبني أهنا متعددة األغراض ّ مجيع األنواع املسجلة ابلدراسة. ومجيع العينات اجملم (multipurpose (حيث القيمة الطبية والعطرية؛ وذلك بعد أن مت تعريفها والتأكد من التسمية احلديثة هلا؛ وكذلك معرفة األنواع املسجلة منها ابلفلورا الليبية واليت بلغ عددها 58 نوعا. ومن بني األنواع املسجلة أيضا عدد 57 نوع منها له قيمة بيئية كبرية حيث تعترب مصدر غذاء ومأوى للعديد من الكائنات، وعدد 42 نوع من النبااتت اليت تعترب مصدر للرحيق ابلنسبة لنحل العسل وهي تلعب دور كبري يف إنتاج العسل، كما أن هناك 104 نوع تتميز بتحملهـا للظروف البيئية القاسية، ومنها 24 نوع يستزرع كمصدات ضد هبوب الريـاح. كما أنه هناك 33 نوع منها من النبااتت السامة واليت تشكل خطرا على حياة اإلنسان واحليواانت

دارسة تأثير المستخلصات طحلب Cladophora vadorum على نمو بعض الأنواع من البكتيريا الممرضة للإنسان

2019-03-01T00:00:00Z

دارسة تأثير المستخلصات طحلب Cladophora vadorum على نمو بعض الأنواع من البكتيريا الممرضة للإنسان أمنة, خميس أحمد لوجنقي أجريت هذه الدارسة باستخدام الطحلب Cladophora sp. الذي تم تجميه من بحيرارت طابممينك بمدينة بنغازي وتم أختبار تأثير مستخلصات هذا الطحلب على نمو أربعة أنواع من البكتيريا ( Sbtaphylococcus arues, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Klebsilla pneumonia, ( وبأستخدام 5 أنواع من المذيبات العضوية الإيثانول، الآسيتون، الميثاننول، البتروليم إيثر، إيثيل اسيتيت (.يتفاوتت تأثيرات مستخلصات بهذ المذيبات على نمو البكتيريا المستخدمة في الوقت الذي أظيرت فيو مستخلصات البتروليم إيثر) ( Petrouluem Ether تأثير مهبطا علي نمو جميع أنواع البكتيريا.ولوحظ أن تأثير هذه المستخلصات اختلف من بكتيريا إلى أخرل حيث وجد أن نمو بكتيريا S.arues قد تأثر من قبل جميع مستلمصات المذيبات العضوية المستخدمة وجدان نمو البكتيريا E.coli قد تأثر بمستخمص البتركليك إيثر فقط كأف البكتيريا P. aeruginosa تأثرت بمستخلص الإيثانكؿ كبتركليك إيثر فقط ، كبينما ل تؤثر جميع المستخمصات المستخدمة عمى نمك البكتيريا K.pneumonia

Allelopathic effects of solanum elaeagnifolium Cav . aqueousExtracts on different plant receptors

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Allelopathic effects of solanum elaeagnifolium Cav . aqueousExtracts on different plant receptors EMAN, A. ABDELRAHMAN ( Solanum elaeagnifolium ) is a serious perennial broadleaf weed in many semi-arid areas of the world including South Africa. It is one of the important invasive plant species in Mediterranean Basin countries. S. elaeagnifolium has a negative impact on crops, causing up to 75% yield loss, as well as an indirect impact by harboring plant pests and diseases. This study was conducted to determine the allelopathic effect of S. elaeagnifolium on germination four receptor plants (radish, wheat, tomato and lettuce) also to study this effect on root and shoot growth in addition to study this effect on dry and fresh weight of the receptors. The study was conducted by preparing five aqueous extracts of Solanum elaeagnifolium parts (root, stem, leaves, flowers, and berries) at six concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%), for experimentation of the allelopathy of S. elaeagnifolium seeds of these receptors were distributed in petri dishes containing whatmann filter paper moistened with 5ml of the aqueous extract, and allowed to germinate at room temperature, The plates containing the receptor plant were maintained wet using by the same treatment concentration added to the plates day after day. Germination percentage of all extracts were calculated, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weigh were measured. The results of this study showed that germination of radish and tomato were less inhibited by S. elaeagnifolium extracts compared with wheat and lettuce which showed inhibited growth at all concentrations of all S. elaeagnifolium parts. Areal parts (leaves, flowers and berries) of S. elaeagnifolium contain more allelochemichals that inhibit germination than roots and stems. S. elaeagnifolium inhibit the root growth of radish and wheat but it doesn’t inhibit shoot growth, but it inhibit shoots growth of tomato.

The Effect of Different Concentrations of Magnetic Seawater on Different Plant Species Growth

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

The Effect of Different Concentrations of Magnetic Seawater on Different Plant Species Growth Asma, Abdallah Ahmed Almugassabi This study was carried out in the laboratory of botany faculty sciences at university of Benghazi during summer/ 2016. Two experiments were conducted first experiment was to determine the effects of different levels of water sea water dilutions of 1%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20% on germination percentage, root and shoot lengths of five receptor plants: (tomato, wheat, cucumber, radish and lettuce). In this experiment, petri dishes lined with double layer of filter paper moisten with 5 ml of specific sea water dilution were used as medium for growth, the plates were irrigated daily with sea water dilution, this experiment was conducted in three replicate for each experiment, germination percentages were calculated at the end of the experiment the results of this experiment revealed that germination percentages of tomato varieties, decrease with increased sea water dilutions level, Both tomato verities are moderately sensitive to sea water dilutions, germination decreased at sea water dilution of 5%, no germination had occurred at higher dilutions of (10% and 20%). Both shoot and root length were reduced by increased sea water dilutions but shoot were more affected by sea water dilutions, Imported tomato was more sensitive to xix sea water dilutions than local tomato. Wheat and radish showed 100 % germination at all sea water dilutions levels, root and shoot of radish were not significantly affected by sea water dilutions.Cucumber and lettuce showed more sensitivity to sea water dilutions. The second experiment was to compare the effect of salinity with the effect of magnetic sea water. Seedling development experiment was conducted on radish and two varieties of tomato (local and imported), using different dilutions of sea water and magnetic sea water, three seeds of each plant were planted in pots and were irrigated for 40 days and development parameters were measured (whole plant length, shoot length, root length, dry weight, fresh weight, number of leaves, and leaves surface area, the results of the experiment revealed that, Radish development was not significantly affected by salinity, the impact of sea water dilutions stress on radish shoot, whole length and leaves number was significant, but sea water dilutions showed no significant effect on leaves surface area, root lengthen, dry and fresh weight, while in tomato all growth parameters were reduced with increased sea water dilutions levels. Negative impact of magnetic sea water on seedling development of radish and tomato were observed in this experiment.

Master Thesis Geochemical Evaluation of the BirTlacsin Formation at Ghat Area Murzuq Basin, SW Libya.

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Geochemical Evaluation of the BirTlacsin Formation at Ghat Area Murzuq Basin, SW Libya. Yousef, Muftah Bokereis The objective of the present study is the geochemical assessment of the Bir Tlacsin Formation at Ghat area, SW Libya. This assessment includes the depositional environment, paleo-oxygenation, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, provenance, tectonic setting, organic matter richness, kerogen type and thermal maturity. The field trips included five surface sections for the formation (Wadi Maghidat, Wadi Tashat, Wadi Anlakm, Wadi Iggiten, and Wadi Awzarq). This formation consists of sandstone and shale units. The sandstones are mainly greywackes. The observed clay minerals in the studied shales are smectite, kaolinite, gibbsite and chlorite. These minerals are the main carrier of TOC. The Th/Cr, Th/Sc and Th/Co ratios and the provenance discrimination diagrams indicated that the felsic (granitic) rocks found in the Air Mountains, central Niger, may be the possible source of the Bir Tlacsin Formation. Based on the ICV values, the shales are thermally immature whereas the sandstones are thermally submature to mature. Moreover, the organic geochemical data showed that the organic matter are thermally immature. The organic matter are essentially of marine origin. The Zr/Hf, Hf/Ta, Zr/Ta and B/Ga ratios indicated that the Bir Tlacsin Formation was deposited in a high salinity marine environment. Based on the trace element, Pr/Ph, Pr/n- C17 and Ph/n-C18 ratios the anoxic conditions were prevalent during deposition. The paleoclimate prevailing in the source area was almost semi-arid to semi-humid. The tectonic environment is essentially continental (active continental margin (C) and passive continental margin (D)). Generally, the shales are good source rocks. The discrimination diagrams showed that kerogen type II is the basic type in the shale samples. The hydrocarbons are mainly migrated (nonindigenous).

Response Of Paspalum And Ryegrass Plants To Sea Water

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Response Of Paspalum And Ryegrass Plants To Sea Water Wafa, Abdalhamed Ali Alawami Salinity refers to the occurrence of various salts in soil or water in concentration that may interfere with the growth of plants, Turfgrass species and cultivars differ in their responses to salinity, a number of researches were conducted to determine the effect of salinity on growth and development of turfgrass, this study was conducted to examine the effect of different sea water concentration on seed germination and development of Perennial Ryegrass (LoliumPerenne L.) and Knotgrass (Paspalum Distichum), for seed germination study of Perennial Ryegrass(Lolium Perenne L.), seeds were grown in petridishes lined with filter paper moisten with saline water in different concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%) irrigated with same solutions for two weeks. Parameters like seed germination, mean germination time, shoot and root lengths were measured in 3 replicated pattern, for Knotgrass (Paspalum Distichum) development study, seeds of Knotgrass (Paspalum Distichum) were grown in pots and irrigated with saline water in the same concentrations and parameters like fresh and dry weights of shoot and root system, in addition to leaf water contents were measured. The results of seed germination study revealed that germination of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium PerenneL.), decreased with increased salinity, xv mean germination time delayed with increased salinity level, shoots and roots weights decreased with increased salinity and the differences in the means of roots and shoots lengths was significant compared with the control treatments. The results of seed development study of Knotgrass (Paspalum Distichum) revealed that, there was no correlation between salinity and leaf water content and the differences in the mean of leaf water content was not significant (p- value 0.036), effect of salinity on fresh and dry weight of shoot system was significant(p-value 0.008 0.015) respectively but fresh and dry weights of root and shoot systems was not significant (p- value 0.083, 0.095) respectively. The results of seed germination showed that Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) tolerate salinity very well it can tolerate salinity to (10% and 20%). While the Knotgrass (Paspalum Distichum) showed very weak tolerance to salinity. 1 Chapter One 1. Introduction. Potable water is essential for human survival. With the progression of climate change and unpredictable weather conditions, the United States has experienced significant areas of drought over the last decade (Schiavon et al. 2013). One of the most urgent problems in many of the arid and semi-arid countries is the scarcity of water and Libya is among these countries. Finding enough water to support the food needs and other demands is a priority to all governments. Availability of good quality irrigation water is always a constraint in the arid regions and the water desalination is an expensive alternative. In addition, due to the increased pumping of saline water from the deep wells, the level of total salinity in the soils has increased. Libya is one of the driest countries in the world with significant changes recorded in temperature and precipitation during the last couple of decades, within which roughly 90.8% of the area is hyper-arid, 7.4% arid, 1.5% semi-arid and 0.3% is classified as sub-humid (Ben-Mahmoud, 1993); with the sub-humid region located in northeast. Libya as an arid nation accounts for 94.5% areas as desert with perpetually scarce freshwater except for a narrow strip along the northern coast, which has a Mediterranean climate. Barely 5% of the country receives more than 100 mm of rain each year. Libya since long relies on groundwater reserves to meet its needs. However, surging demand is stressing supply, and many coastal groundwater aquifers are becoming brackish with an influx of seawater. Thus a major environmental concern in Libya is the depletion of underground water as a result of overuse mainly in agricultural developments, causing salinity and sea-water penetration into the coastal aquifers (Bindra et al., 2013). 1.1. Green fields turfgrasses and their importance: In modern urban living , turfgrasses play significant role in enhancing quality of life. They

Master Thesis Lithofacies Identification and Reservoir Quality Variation of the Lower Acacus Formation, Concession NC100, Ghadames Basin, NW Libya.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Lithofacies Identification and Reservoir Quality Variation of the Lower Acacus Formation, Concession NC100, Ghadames Basin, NW Libya. NAJM EDEEN, IDREES ELRAHEL By viewing and describing the available 215ft of cores cut in Lower Acacus Formation from five wells in the study area (concession NC100), Ghadames Basin, NW Libya, the Lower Acacus Formation is divided into five lithofacies types including; 1) Bioturbated marine silty shale lithofacies, 2) Reworked marine sandstone lithofacies, 3) Distal delta front silty sandstone lithofacies, 4) Proximal delta front – coastal sandstone lithofacies, 5) Fluvial channel sandstone lithofacies. Furthermore, on the basis of GR-log motifs these identified lithofacies were grouped into four major categories, which are: 1) 1st category represented by bell shape GR-log motif corresponds with the fluvial channel lithofacies, 2) 2nd category of funnel shape GR-log motif corresponds with the gradational sequence of the shaly siltstone of distal delta front at the base to proximal delta front-coastal lithofacies at the top, 3) 3rd category of spiky shale GR-log motif corresponds to reworked marine sandstone lithofacies and 4) 4th category of thinly serrated to smooth “featureless” GR-log motif corresponds to bioturbated marine shale lithofacies. Suits of wireline logs were used to construct stratigraphic cross sections to reveal the paleogeography of the study area “concession NC100” and to examine the lateral relationships between sandstone units or lithofacies packages identified in cores.

Master Thesis Petrography and Geochemistry of Cherts, Al Jabal al Akhdar, NE Libya.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Petrography and Geochemistry of Cherts, Al Jabal al Akhdar, NE Libya. Mailod, Ahmed Mohammed Baker This work discusses the petrographical and geochemical characteristics of the siliceous deposits (chert) at Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE, Libya. These deposits exist in Al Athrun, Apollonia, Darnah and Wadi Qattarah formations. Petrographically, the siliceous materials in the chert samples are radiolarian shells in Al Athrun Formation, sponge spicules and microcrystalline quartz in Apollonia and Darnah formations, and microcrystalline quartz in Wadi Al Qattarah Formation, which support the biogenic origin of the cherts (except for Wadi Al Qattarah Formation). Geochemically, the studied cherts display ratios of seawater and biogenic silica almost similar to Si/(Si+Fe+Al+Ca) (0.59-0.96), Ge/Si (0.41-0.65), Hf/Ta (1.32-2.43), Zr/Ta (117.14-357.96), and Zr/Hf (56.55-161.23). This interpretation is further supported by the discrimination diagrams. The studied cherts fall under the non-hydrothermal type. The V/Cr, Ni/Co and U/Th ratios indicate that the studied formations were deposited under oxic conditions. Climatic conditions of semi-humid prevailed during the deposition of the cherts. The presence of clay minerals in the cherts is supported by the low K2O/Al2O3 ratio and the positive correlation between Al2O3 and K2O + Na2O. The main tectonic settings are C and D (active continental margin and passive margin, respectively).

Master Thesis Seismic Attributes Analysis to Enhance 3-D Seismic Data Interpretation of Upper Cretaceous Succession in Bualwan, Dor Mansour Fields,Western Sirt Basin, Libya

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Seismic Attributes Analysis to Enhance 3-D Seismic Data Interpretation of Upper Cretaceous Succession in Bualwan, Dor Mansour Fields,Western Sirt Basin, Libya Mohammed, Najeeb Faraj El-Farsi The generation of seismic attributes has enabled to better interpret certain geologic features. Analysis was on attributes computed from 3D seismic data of Bualwan, Dor Mansour oil fields, with support from well logs. The ultimate goal in this multiattribute analysis is to produce a more accurate interpretation. The integration of the attributes has increased confidence in the seismic mapping horizons of Upper Cretaceous succession with their fault polygon, modeled, automatic fault techniques, fault patches, 3D structural grids and the other numerous subtle lineaments, which were difficult to identify in the input data. Seismic attributes like Variance seem to be very suitable for defining structural elements. Chaos attribute highlights areas where the seismic shows large variation in the locally estimated dip and azimuth. Structural smoothing is to reduce the noise and enhance quality. Ant tracking is applied on the Chaos and structural smoothing volume attribute to search of high energy surfaces (fault planes). 3DEE (3D edge enhancement) helped to increase number of faults manually detected and enhance their resolution

التأثير الحراري و لأشعة فرن المايكروويف كمؤثر قاتل بكتيري علي بكتيريا القولون (بكتيريا الغائطية ) esherichia coli والبكتيريا العنقودية البرتقالية س staplrylococcus aureus

2011-01-01T00:00:00Z

التأثير الحراري و لأشعة فرن المايكروويف كمؤثر قاتل بكتيري علي بكتيريا القولون (بكتيريا الغائطية ) esherichia coli والبكتيريا العنقودية البرتقالية س staplrylococcus aureus وفاء, أحمد محمود حمد أجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تأثير أشعة المايكروويف علي بكتيريا القولون والبكتيريا العنقودية البرتقالية وتم اختبار هذه السلالات البكتيرية لأنها تلوث الاغذية وتكون ممرضة لانسان أوضحت هذه الدراسة ان هناك تأثير حراريا وتأثير اخرا لاحراريا لاشعة المايكروويف وكل منها يسبب تأثير قاتل علي الخلايا البكتيرية حيث تبين ان البكتيريا العنقودية البرتقالية الموجبة لصبغة جرام تكون اكثر حساسية لاشعة المايكروويف مقارنة بكتيريا القولون السالبة لصبغة جرام ويعود السبب في ذلك الي الاختلاف في تركيب الجدار

Master Thesis Petrography and Geochemistry of Gargaresh Formation from Tajoura to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah plain, NW Libya

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Petrography and Geochemistry of Gargaresh Formation from Tajoura to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah plain, NW Libya Mohamed, Moftah Omar Buazza III ABSTRACT The present work attempts to characterize the petrography and geochemistry of the Quaternary calcarenite (Gargaresh Formation) along the Mediterranean Coast from Tajoura to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah plain, NW Libya. The Gargaresh Formation can be subdivided into two members: Kaam Member (upper member) and Karrot Member (lower member). Both of these members are detected in the studied coast. The Karrot Member on its cliffs on the shoreline of the study area reaches its maximum thickness in the area between Tripoli and Sabratah. It diminishes towards the west of Sabratah. According to texture, morphology, sedimentary structure and fossil content, the Karrot Member could be divided into four units. Except unit 1, all other units are only detected from station no. 2 (Tripoli) to station no. 7 (Sabratah). The Kaam Member is only detected in the area between Tripoli and Sabratah. It is represented by one unit. Geochemically, the major oxides CaO and MgO are the main constituents of the calcite. SiO2 is mainly in the form of quartz. Sometimes a high quotient of SiO2 together with the oxides; Al2O3, K2O and partly of Na2O, TiO2 and Fe2O3 are essentially allocated within the structure of the feldspars and clay minerals. Part of Na2O and the content of Cl belong mainly to halite. Sr, Pb and REE are basically controlled by the carbonate fraction, while Ni, Co, Cu and Zn are strongly correlated with Al2O3. Th and U are positively correlated with Zr suggesting that they are contained in zircon. The prevailing well oxidizing coastal environments are well expresses by the low authigenic uranium and low Cu/Zn, Ni/Co and U/Th ratios. Karrot Member shows more or less flat REE pattern with positive and negative Ce anomalies (ΔCe: 0.68 to 1.45), while Kaam Member shows convex REE pattern with negative Ce anomalies ((ΔCe: 0.86), indicating Kaam Member (upper member) of aeolian origin and Karrot Member (lower member) of marine origin. In Karrot Member, ΔCe values are negatively correlated with Pb in agreement with shallow marine depositional environments of Karrot Member.

Master Thesis Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Sabkha Sediments Along the Mediterranean Coast from Surman to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah Plain, NW Libya

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Sabkha Sediments Along the Mediterranean Coast from Surman to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah Plain, NW Libya Mohamed, Mahmud Musa The present work attempts to characterize the mineralogy and geochemistry of the sabkha brines and sediments along the Mediterranean Coast from Surman to Ras Jdeir, Jifarah Plain, NW Libya. the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) data were principally used in topographic analysis of the study area, to delineate the slope area, complete drainage network, watershed and cross section profile to identify morphology in the Jifarah Plain digitizing by computers programs by Arc GIS, Remote sensing data uses by landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI) is the new product from NASA under Landsat open source series which has been launched in February 2013, uses for interpretation of surface features and produce new geology mapping (determined location of all sabkha) in the study area. The studied sabkha sediments are composed essentially of gypsum, halite, calcareous sands, soil and algal limestone. The mineral composition for the studied sabkha sediments is chiefly composed of variable proportions of calcite, aragonite, quartz, microcline, orthoclase, gypsum and halite, clay minerals and heavy minerals such as ilmenite, magnetite, hematite, goethite, zircon, augite, tourmaline, rutile, biotite, garnet, monazite, hornblende, staurolite and pistachite. The Cl-/Na+ ratios in the studied waters range from 1.66 to 1.85, all slightly higher than the average seawater value (Cl-/Na+=1.17), suggesting that the studied brines may have not only marine but also terrigenic and anthropogenic origins. The studied brine water samples show high concentration of K+. This may be attributed to partial dissolution of detrital illite which constitutes part of the clay mineral assemblages of the studied sabkha. In the studied sediments, the major oxides CaO and MgO are the main constituents of the carbonate minerals. SiO2 is mainly in the form of quartz. Sometimes a high quotient of SiO2 together with the oxides Al2O3, K2O and partly of Na2O, TiO2 and Fe2O3 are essentially allocated within the structure of the feldspars and clay minerals. Part of Na2O and the content of Cl belong mainly to halite. Part of Fe2O3 and TiO2 may be accommodated as iron oxyhydroxides. Part of CaO and the content of SO3 are allotted within the gypsum structure. Ba, Sr, Pb and Cd are basically controlled by the carbonate fraction, while Br, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, V and Cr are strongly correlated with Na2O and Cl. The studied sabkha sediments show low Cu/Zn, V/Cr, V/Ni and Ni/Co and U/Th ratios which suggest that these sediments were deposited in a well oxygenated environment.

Master Thesis Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigrahy of the Oligocene-Pliocene Succession in the Offshore Well A1-89, Sirt Basin, Libya

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigrahy of the Oligocene-Pliocene Succession in the Offshore Well A1-89, Sirt Basin, Libya Mohammed, Farag Mohammed The present study deals with Oligocene-Pliocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the studied succession at Well-A1-89 in the offshore of Sirt Basin. One hundred and forty one ditch cutting samples have been used for this study, covering the interval from 1050’ – 9000’. The examination of the studied samples has led to the identification of fifty-one species and eleven subspecies belong to twelve genera. On the basis of the vertical stratigraphic distribution of the planktonic foraminiferal species, with particular attention to last occurrence (LO) of the marker species, ten planktonic foraminiferal biozones have been identified through the studied succession following Bolli and Saunders (1985) and Iaccarino (1985) zonal schemes, in descending order as follows: Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina s.l (Zanclean); Praeorbulina glomerosa (Langhian); Globigerinoides trilobus (Burdigalian); Catapsydrax dissimlis (Aquitanian-Burdigalian); Globigerinoides primordius (Aquitanian); Globorotalia kugleri (Chattian); Globigerina ciperoensis ciperoensis (Chattian); Globorotalia opima opima (Chattian); Globigerina ampliapertura (Rupelian); Cassigerinella chipolensis/ Pseudohastegrina micra (Rupelian). The Oligocene–Miocene (O/M) boundary is found to be conformable and is placed at the top of the Globorotalia kugleri Biozone. However, the Miocene/Pliocene (M/P) boundary is unconformable and is placed at the top of Praeorbulina glomerosa Biozone. Additionally, the established biozones have been regionally correlated with their equivalents in Tunisia and Egypt.

Master Thesis A rich fish assemblage from the Miocene Al Jaghboub Formation, Marmarica Area, NE Libya

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis A rich fish assemblage from the Miocene Al Jaghboub Formation, Marmarica Area, NE Libya Mohammed, H. Al Riaydh A vertebrate fossils site has been discovered in Wadi Al Hash, 20 Km east of Tobruk city, NE Libya. This fossiliferous outcrop is the lower most horizon of Al Jaghboub Formation which was dated herein as early Miocene, late Burdigalian (17.25 Ma.) using (87 Sr/86Sr) radioactive isotopes for a Balanus shell, and the presence of some elasmobranches teeth remains. More than fifteen elasmobranch species and six teleost taxa were identified from the concerned horizon. Among the identified species such as Megascyliorhinus sp., Scyliorhinus sp., Paragaleus pulchellus, Rhizoprionodon fischeuri, Negaprion eurybathrodon, Rhynchobatus pristinus, Dasyatis aff. rugose, Dasyatis cf. gigas, Dasyatis cf. serralheiroi, Gymnura delpiti, Myliobatis sp., Mobula sp., cf. Epinephelus sp., Sparus sp., Diplodus aff. intermedius, Pagrus sp., cf. Dentex sp. and cf. Sphyraena sp. Most of the identified ichthyofauna herein are reported elsewhere around the Tethys and Paratethys (e.g. France, Portugal, Germany, Italy and India) confirming the connection between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean in that slice of time. This association clearly suggests that this facies was deposited in more or less deep marine environment under fairly subtropical climatic conditions. While the contemporaneous fossil site elsewhere in the Sirte Basin further southwest were deposited in shallow to marginal marine environments (e.g. Jabal Zaltan), this clearly suggests that the coastal shoreline was located further south during the early Miocene.

THE INVESTIGATION OF POST HARVEST INFECTION STRATIGY OF PENICILLIUM MOULD ON CITRUS FRUITS

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

THE INVESTIGATION OF POST HARVEST INFECTION STRATIGY OF PENICILLIUM MOULD ON CITRUS FRUITS Nagwa, Salem Alsagheer Alraaydi Fungal disease of post harvest which infect fruits from acceutuated and dangerous pathogenic micro- organism which cause large economical losses reach to 50% , developed and spreads during transport and storage. The citrus fruits are one of the major important agricultural product especially in western region of Libya . In this study we founed on post harvest citrus green mould disease which caused by Penicillium digitatium after running Kock pastulate . In this research we traying to investigate and trace the mode and mechanism of infection of Penicillium digitatium on local and imported four citrus varities ( Orange , Mandarine , Lemon and Grapefruits ) . The optained results of pathogenicity test indicate that Penicillium digitatum and is the main causal agent . The ability of this fungus to infect four citrus varities with same virulence after application three methods of artificial inoculation . Through cooling experiment we founed the optimum growth temperature ranged betwwen 25-27°C . Study the effect of depth and wound location on the previous citrus varities does not show any effect role on infection in varities sampled . After study natural micro-flora associated with studied fruits surface three species of bacteria are identified : Staphylococcus hominis , Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus warneri . After artificial inoculation with Penicillium digitatum with inoculum density ( 10 ) the washed fruits speed infected compared with non – washed fruits with dispersal time about 12 hours . In test of three types of juice ( Peel Juice – Sac Juice – Whole fruit ) , all tested juice from citrus varities studied showed Penicillium digitatum growth with more rapidly on peel juice compared with other two types of juice extracts , which make ensure that the tested fungus was this obligate aerobic . Through intervene modulation to change acidic medium of studied fruits by inject two concentrations of apple vineiger and solution of sodium bicarbonate , solution of sodium chloride , sterile distill water as control showed that there is no role in prevent infection by Penicillium digitatum but just delaying infection time about five days by used solution of sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3. In study aerodynamic spore mechanism and epidemology of Penicillium digitatum the results showed the spores of Penicillium digitatum have low weight to became longtime before fall down , indicating that Penicillium digitatum have dry spores . The sedimentation of these spores on fruit surfaces was more vertically faster than horizontally , conferming the way of storage fruits above long distance from ground surface does not prevent the infection incidence . From studying of lignification effect on peels of studied citrus varities after injuires and kept for 12 hours then injection showed the lignin formation do not prevent the infection but just lated about 6 days . From study specific different isolates showed all species have specific to infect the host fruit without the other . Through study the maturity of lemon fruits on enhance or lated infection with Penicillium digitatum show the mature lemon fruits infected earlier through 4 days compared with immature lemon fruits infected after 6 days . The result obtained from Interaction experiment of different isolates in vitro on Sabroid Agar showed the all isolates followed to same genus of Penicillium . Finally the results optained from programs to this disease on injected and non-injected fruits by selective two physical methods ( Hot water – Sea water ) , two natural oils (Eucalyptus oil – Olive oil) and one mineral oil ( Johnson's baby oil ) and wax , showed all of these method can not prevent the invection but just delated the infection period , wax test delay five days and the other two treatments were delay about three days only .

Microbiological evaluation of natural juices in the city of Benghazi

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Microbiological evaluation of natural juices in the city of Benghazi Munya, Ahmed Hasan Bilsheekh Fruit juice contains essential nutrients, minerals, antioxidants, and vitamins for overall health. Products such as fruits and vegetables are normal part of the human diet and are consumed in large quantities in most civilizations. However, food borne diseases related to fruit and fruit products are increasing and became very serious problems in different parts of the world. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the bacteriological quality of types of fresh fruit juices available to the consumers in the city of Benghazi. The study was conducted in the end of summer period (September, October 2020 ―the first isolation‖) and (September, October 2021 ―the second isolation‖) for 128 randomly selected samples from sixteen cafes and restaurants in the city of Benghazi. This study was isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria that contaminate fresh juices, for two types of juice most popular among children and adults (strawberry juice and mango juice). All bacteria that were isolated in this study were identified by the appearance of the colonies and through biochemical tests, and some isolates were identified by phoenix 100. The results showed that the bacterial growth rate in the tested samples of fresh juices was (91.41%). This study has revealed that the most predominant pathogens isolated of the fresh juices (strawberry juice and mango juice) were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.21%), followed by fecal Escherichia coli (31.03%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.93%), Escherichia coli (7.76%), Enterobacter aerogenes (6.89%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.31%), Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. (1.72%). The study showed that there is a diversity in bacterial isolate between the first and second isolates. For the susceptibility of the isolated pathogens to the antimicrobial agents the result showed the effectiveness of antibiotics on Gram-negative pathogens were resistant to the following antibiotics including Amoxicillin and Amikacin, Clarithomycin, while other antibiotics were more effect. The antibiotics sensitivity for Gram-positive bacteria showed that the pathogen represented high resistant rate compare to Gram-negative isolates, where the bacterial isolates showed high resistance to the following including Ciprofloxacin, Clarithomycin, Imipenem, Amikacin, Amoxicillin, Oxacillin, Cefixime, Cephalexin

Master Thesis Organic Geochemistry of the Qahash Formation in the Offshore Well A1-NC 128, Cyrenaica Basin, NE Libya

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Organic Geochemistry of the Qahash Formation in the Offshore Well A1-NC 128, Cyrenaica Basin, NE Libya OMAR ADEL, OMAR GENIBER The purpose of this thesis is to characterize the organic matter content of two source rocks (shale and coal) collected from the Qahash Formation in the offshore Well Al-NC 128, Cyrenaica Basin, NE Libya. Petrographically, the studied samples are dominantly composed of Vitrinite macerals, followed by moderate Liptinite and low Inertinite macerals. However, the samples also contain a large amount of Framboidal pyrite. The TPI, GI, GWI and VI indices point towards Limno-Telmatic condition during the deposition of the shales and coals under mesotrophic to rheotrophic basin conditions. Geochemically, the Qahash Shale has a fair quality, whereas the Qahash Coal is considered as a poor source rock. Moreover, the Qahash Shale contains type II / III kerogen (mixed organic matter), while the Qahash Coal behaves as kerogens of type III and IV (Terrigenous organic matter). The organic matter is thermally immature. The Qahash Formation was deposited in a high salinity marine environment.

Study The Relation Between Human Comlement Components C3 and C4 Deficiency and Elevation of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) as an Indicator of Increase Infections.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Study The Relation Between Human Comlement Components C3 and C4 Deficiency and Elevation of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) as an Indicator of Increase Infections. Muna, Almahdi Almabrouk The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism through inflammation, and attacks the pathogen's plasma membrane. However, the deficiency in any component of the complement system can lead to immunocompromise and overwhelming infection and sepsis. In Benghazi children hospital this study focused on measuring of complement components C3 and C4 levels in the serum of blood of the hospitalized patients and characterize the relation between the low levels of components C3 and C4 and the increase of C-reactive protein as a marker of microbial infection. In this study the complement C3 and C4 measurements showed that, the rate of components C3 and C4 deficiencies were (11.1%) and (0.7%) respectively. Using C-reactive protein as a marker for microbial infection has provided a clear image of strong correlation between the low levels of C3 and C4 and the increase of microbial infection.

Isolation and identification of bacteria from burn wound infection in Burn and plastic sergery Hospital in Tripoli

2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Isolation and identification of bacteria from burn wound infection in Burn and plastic sergery Hospital in Tripoli MARWA, MOHAMED ELMOHOUB The aim of the study was to determine the prevalenve of bacteria in burn wound infection and its sensitivity to the commonly used antibiotic. Also to the impact of environmental conditions and the risk factors associated with infection burns during a period of 2012 to 2013 . Atotal of 133 specimens were collected from burn patient. ( burn and plastic sergery hospital) in the city of tripoli in Libyan. samples from the inanimate environment were also examined by taking swabs from different areas to detect the bacteria that may be found in the surrounding environment of patients. The isolated bacteria wereAcinetobacterbaumannii isolates (37.6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa(23.3%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.5%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (5.3%), Enterobacter cloacae (4.5%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (3.8%) , Enterobacteraerogenes,Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis isolates (3.0%), followed the lowest causative agents of burn wound infection were Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates (.8%). The isolated bacteria were sensitive to Colisten ,Amikacin , Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, However no effect was observed by Penicilln, Tetracycline, Erythromycin andCefipeme . this study showed that Acinetobacterbaumannii was the most counstive agent causes burn infeaction in burn and plastic sergery hospital in tripoli. the gram-positive bacteria satphylococcusaureus was the most caustive agent was burn wound infection.

النشاط المضاد البكتيري لمستخلص عصير الليمون على حيوية البكتيريا الموجبة والسالبة لصبغة الجرام

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

النشاط المضاد البكتيري لمستخلص عصير الليمون على حيوية البكتيريا الموجبة والسالبة لصبغة الجرام مراد, عبدالرازق رمضان يكمن الهدف الأساسي من هذه الدراسة الحالية في عملية استخلاص وتعريف نشاط المركبات المضادة البكتيرية وإيضاح النشاط المضاد البكتيري لمركبات مستخلص عصير الليمون Lemon extract وإيضاح النشاط المضاد البكتيري لمستخلص الليمون ضد البكتيريا الموجبة والسالبة لصبغة الجرام . ككائنات دقيقة مقاومة وحساسة للمضادات الحيوية . تتركز هذه الدراسة على النشاط المضاد البكتيري وجهد خلاصة عصير الليمون . تعتبر المركبات النشطة بيولوجياً التي توجد في مستخلص الليمون عادة ما تركزت في هذه الدراسة على مزيد من الاهتمام . يحتوي مستخلص عصير الليمون على مصادر غنية من Flavanones و فلونيدات أخرى وعلى الفينولات والتانينات والقلويدات والصبونينات إلى أخره التي تلعب دورا كبيرا كمثبطات مضادة ميكروبية . أو ضحت مستخلصات عصير الليمون تأثيرا نشطاً مضاداً ميكروبياً ضد البكتيريا P. aeruginosa و K. pneumonia و S. epidermid و S.typhi و freundii . C و S. aureus و S. pyogenes عند تراكيز 100 % و 75 % . بينما أوضح تأثير تراكيز 50 % أكثر مقاومة خصوصاً ضد البكتيريا K. pneumonia والبكتيريا S.typhi والبكتيريا S. pyogenes . أما تركيز المستخلص 25 % أوضح أكثر مقاومة لمعظم أنواع البكتيريا المعرضة لتأثير المستخلص ماعدا البكتيريا S. aureus . اشتملت في هذه الدراسة دور تأثير بعض المضادات الحيوية على هذه الأنواع البكتيرية وذلك من أجل مقارنتها بتأثير مستخلص الليمون . أوضحت النتائج بأن هناك تشبها كبيراً في مدى تثبيط كلٍ من المستخلص والمضادات الحيوية المستخدمة في هذه الدراسة

دراسة تصنيفية لجنس الإيروديم في ليبيا erodium

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

دراسة تصنيفية لجنس الإيروديم في ليبيا erodium فاطمة, محمد رمضان الطيرة يعتبر جنس الأيروديم احد اكبر اجناس الفصيلة العطرية او الجارونية حيث يشمل حوالي 60 نوعا نباتيا تنتشر معضمها في منطقة البحر المتوسط واوروبا وكذلك في قارة اسيا وافريقيا واستراليا والمناطق المدارية لأمريكيا الجنوبية وفي ليبيا يمثله 15 نوعا وذلك كما ذكر في موسوعة النباتات الليبية ومن خلال مراجعة الدراسات السابقة والتي شملت الفلورا الليبية تبين انه هناك ضرورة لمراجعة تصنيفية لهذه الجنس في ليبيا حيث بداءت الدراسة بتجميع العينات وذلك بإجراء رحلات حقلية في اماكن ومواسم مختلفة فيما يتعلق بالدراسة المورفولوجية فقد تم تحضير وتجفيف العينات حسب التقنية المتبعة في بقية المعاشب كما تم فحصها باستخدام المجهر التشريحي مع الاستعانة بفلورات متعددة ومقارنتها بالعينات المعشبية الموجودة في كل من معشبة قورينا في جامعة قاريونس ...

Master Thesis Stratigraphic and Structural FactorsInfluencing the Characterization of Tahara Formation, in Gullebi Field,South of Concession NC7A, GhadamesBasin, NW Libya

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Stratigraphic and Structural FactorsInfluencing the Characterization of Tahara Formation, in Gullebi Field,South of Concession NC7A, GhadamesBasin, NW Libya Saleh, Ragab Saleh Balmshkan This research presents the interpretation of data from well-logs , core samples and subsurface stratigraphic and facies maps obtained from the Gullebi Oil Field, concession NC7A, Ghadames Basin, NW Libya. The study aims at using well log approach in establishing the sedimentary lithofacies, their successions and environments of deposition in this field, and to find out the possible stratigraphic and structural factors that might influencing the development of sandstone units of the Tahara Formation. The palaeodepositional environments in the field were deduced by combining gamma ray log trends with core data. Lithofacies interpretation was carried out using the gamma ray, effective porosity and resistivity logs obtained from 16 wells. Correlation technique was used to delineate the subsurface trends of these lithofacies. Lithofacies identification shows that the entire well interval consists of sand, silt and shale. Four GR-log motifs representing different lithofacies were recognized in the study area: a funnel log shape representing beach to proximal deltaic lithofacies; a bell log shape representing fluvial channel lithofacies; a serrated to spiky log shape representing transgressive and deep marine slope to basinal shale/silt lithofacies and small scale irregular serrated log shape representing lagoonal-mud flat lithofacies. Three reservoir lithofacies associations in the Tahara Sandstones were defined based on different compositions and diagenetic patterns, represent different reservoir qualities: good quality lithofacies associated with the transitional beach to proximal deltaic sandstones of fine to medium grained with total porosity of 20% and measured log-permeability 61md, medium quality lithofacies associated with fluvial channel sandstones, fine to medium grained, with total porosity 12% and measured log-permeability 7md, and low-quality lithofacies associated with marginal deltaic silty sandstones, silt to very fine grained, with total porosity 10% or even less with measured log-permeability 4md. The porosity and permeability are better developed in areas of sandstone units deposited in beach-deltaic environment. By using the available well control points, isopach maps of the upper sand unit of the lower Tahara sequence and the upper sand unit of the upper Tahara sequence have been constructed and revealed that the accumulated thickness of both sand units is a function of available space to fill and the degree of shallowing or deepening of the associated depositional surface. Also regional log facies maps have been constructed for these two selected sandstone units to easily define the distribution of the representative lithofacies and to delineate the arbitrary boundaries characterizing these studied units of the Tahara Formation. The stratigraphic factors that may influencing the development of the Tahara Formation are better explained by sea level changes reflected on depositional lithofacies types and sedimentation rates (thickness variations), the characteristic mineralogical composition of the studied sandstone units and the differences in diagenetic processes. Other structural factors that may be influencing the deposition of the Tahara Formation related to paleostructural configuration of the Gullebi Field and the major NE-SW striking bounding fault parallel to the axial plane of the Gullebi anticlinal ridge.

Master Thesis Petroleum Geochemistry of the Makhbaz Formation in the Offshore Well K-137, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Petroleum Geochemistry of the Makhbaz Formation in the Offshore Well K-137, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya ABDELRHMAN, HAMAD ALI AL SANOSSI This study is a geochemical evaluation of the Makhbaz Formation in the offshore well K137, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya. The TOC content indicated that the Makhbaz Shale is an excellent source rock. The organic matter is thermally mature and characterized by the sovereignty of type II kerogen. The most abundant gas in the petroleum inclusions of the Makhbaz Limestone (reservoir) is C1 with lesser amounts of C2, C3, nC4, iC4, N2, CO2 and H2S. There are two oil families in the petroleum inclusions. The Makhbaz Shale is the main source rock of Family I oils (heavy oils), whereas Family II oils (light oils) were probably derived from the Bilal Formation. All oils are thermally mature. There are two episodes of oil charging took place in the Makhbaz Reservoir.

Physiological Ecology of ceratonia siliqua at Al-gabal Al-akhdar area

2022-08-01T00:00:00Z

Physiological Ecology of ceratonia siliqua at Al-gabal Al-akhdar area Fatma, Ateia Burzeza Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is environmentally and economically important tree and is among the most difficult to propagate fruit and slow-growing an species. It is an evergreen endemic wild species found naturally in El-Jabal El-Akhdar region which is located immediately south of the coastal belt in the northeastern region of Libya. Aim and methodology: The first part of the study was to examine the morphological characteristics of carob tress in 4 different locations in El-Jabal El-Akhdar region (Albyadah, Tukrah, Wadi El-Kouf and Al Himadah), five characters on discriminative pods measured to know (pod size, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, seeds size, leaf size) , another two characters measured directly in the study location which are stem diameter and whole tree height, The second part of the study was to examine the effect of different pre-sowing treatments found in previous literature on the growth of carob seeds, which are (boiling water, tab water, mechanical scarification and sulfuric acid). Germination percentage, mean germination time, seedling viogros index and seedling development individually evaluated and compared with control for each pretreatment, procedures performed according to a fully developed protocol of in vitro seed germination for carob found in previous literature. Results: For the morphological characters study generally no significant morphological differences found among theses population except in leaf size which was highly significant, Tukhra area showed smaller leaf size compared with other locations. No significant correlations between pod size and other morphological characters of carob in all locations except in Albyadah in which a significant negative correlation was found between pods sizes and seeds sizes. Compared to control, generally all pretreatments significantly enhanced the germination of carob seeds, relatively higher germination percentage was noticed in the seeds soaked in boiling water 96%, followed by carob seeds treated with sulfuric acid for 15 minutes which showed 60% germination, the mechanical scarification and sulfuric acid for 10 minutes showed germination percentages 40%, the seeds treated with sulfuric acid for 5 minutes showed relatively the germination percentage 32%, while the treatment with regular tap water showed zero germination. Faster germination was recorded by seeds pre-treated with sulfuric acid for 15 minutes, followed by germination recorded by carob seeds pre-treated with boiling water, then seeds pre-treated with sulfuric acid 10 minute, seeds pre-treated with sulfuric acid 5 minutes and mechanical scarification showed somewhat delay in germination. Carob seeds pretreated with soaking in boiling water showed significant differences in their fresh weight, root and shoot lengths compared with untreated control seeds, while results of dry weight was not significant compared to control treatment.

The effect of temperature levels on water permeability of different fruit cuticular layers

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

The effect of temperature levels on water permeability of different fruit cuticular layers AFAF, R. TAHER The plant cuticle forms the interface between the aerial environment and the living cells of the plant. Therefore, the cuticle has to manage multiple physiological and ecological functions like controlling water loss. One of the physical factors influenced water permeability of cuticles is temperature. This study was conducted on fruits included tomatoes( Lycopersicon esculentum.L) ,yellow and red grape (Vitis vinifera. L) , and plume (Prunus domestica.L ) .which collected from local market in Benghazi. Libya , These fruits has been collected carefully and accurately so that they were almost equal in size ,where they were visually examined to ensure that they are free from any damages or injuries caused by micro-organisms through dermis layer of fruits, where the measure and calculate the area of each fruit separately and control water loss through the sensitive balance weight and embrace the whole night. And recording of these weights in private tables and then measure the water loss through the dermis layer, where the change of temperature of fruits starts at 15 C° to 45 C° and every time we weigh and calculate the proportion of water permeability of fruits where fruits change. The fruits change starts with external shape size ,and atrophy tissues with increase in temperature, and thus calculate the total average for each type of fruits and statistically a analyzed by one way using( spss) program. The findings indicated that these fruits are affected to varying different temperatures, the higher the temperature , the higher percentage of water permeability through the dermis layer. Also, the results showed that the average of permeability of fruits vary according to the temperature where starting from 15C°, to 45 C° to increase in water loss. The temperature above 25 C° and the loss of water in all kinds of fruits was very high. This difference is due to the difference in the composition of cuticular of fruits and ecophysiological adjustment which was genetically proved.

Phytotoxicity of introduced Pinus halepensis Miller trees on physiological responses of native Ceratonia silique L. trees in the Green Mountain area, Libya

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

Phytotoxicity of introduced Pinus halepensis Miller trees on physiological responses of native Ceratonia silique L. trees in the Green Mountain area, Libya Abdalhakem, Mohamad EL-Habone This research was conducted at Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, University of Benghazi in Libya, to examine the phytotoxicity of introduced P. halepensis (Aleppo pine) trees on some physiological measures of native C. siliqua (Carob) trees in wadi Alkhoof area at AL-Jabel AL-Akhdar in Libya. Therefore, lab experiments were performed using aqueous extracts of the needles and the bark of P. halepensis and the soil rhizosphere around it with different distances (0.0, 2.0, and 4.0) with two depths (10 and 20 cm) of each soil type. Needles, bark, and soil rhizosphere were seasonally collected. Needles and bark were collected in the middle of each season (autumn, winter, spring, and summer. Based on the results of needles and bark extracts, it has been decided to use the above mentioned soil types which collected in winter and summer seasons. Different concentrations (0.0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g / l) were prepared from the extract of each plant organ (needles and bark) and from each soil type, to evaluate their effects on seed germination and early seedling development of C. siliqua. Some parameters were carried out for seed germination and for seedling development. For seed germination tests, daily germination percentages,

Effect of Salvadora persica (Miswak) extracts against bacteria isolated from mouth compared with other pathogenic bacteria and antibiotics

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Effect of Salvadora persica (Miswak) extracts against bacteria isolated from mouth compared with other pathogenic bacteria and antibiotics Aisha, Mhammaed Ali Albashic Salvadora persica , commonly known as miswak (tooth brush), belongs to the family Salvadoracea It is widely distributed in the arid regions of India and often on saline soils. It is an upright evergreen small tree or shrub, The fresh leaves are eaten as salad and are used in traditional medicine for cough, asthma, scurvy, rheumatism, piles, and other diseases. The use of miswak is a pre-Islamic custom, which was adhered to by the ancient Arabs to get their teeth white and shiny. Studied the effect of the extracts of Salvadora Percica (alcohol and water) against eight types of bacteria isolated from the mouth men and women Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus faecalis ,Streptococcus pyogenis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus mutans . And other types obtained from the laboratory of microbiology at the Benghazi Medical Center and Children's Hospital medical as follows Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,klebsiella pnemoniae algala , Staphylococcus albus ,Streptococcus pnemoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii urine, proteus mirabilis algala and Staphylococcus epidrimidis urine. Micococcus lylae, Bacillus stearothermophilus, by using disk diffusion method in the dishes. The extracts of water and alcohol have never been inhibited against all isolates at concentrations of 30%, 50% and 100%, with the exception of the water extract of boiled water that did not inhibit the growth of all bacteria. The alcohol extract recorded the highest inhibitory zone of the water extract, 25.33 mm at 100% concentration while inhibition zone 21:33 mm at 100% less concentration than alcohol extract. The lowest inhibitory zone was 12 mm diameter and the lowest inhibitory zone was 9.67 mm diameter and was the best effect For extracts on bacteria at 100% concentration for both water extracts And alcohol. whenever a high concentration effect whenever the better. The study also showed that the effect of both extracts of cold and alcoholic aqueous plants was higher than the effect of antibiotics. Therefore, this study showed that it is possible to use abstractions As a low-cost drug substitute and free from side effects instead of biogas with side effects.

Some Ecological Aspects of Limonium pruinosum in Saltmarshes near Benghazi, Libya

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Some Ecological Aspects of Limonium pruinosum in Saltmarshes near Benghazi, Libya سهير, علي عبدالله يهتم هذا البحث بدراسة بعض الاوجه الايكولوجية لنبات limonium prinosum الغريزة في سبختي دريانة وقمينس بالقرب من مدينة بنغازي وذلك من حيث العوامل البيئية المحيطة به والمتمثلة في الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية للوسط وطبيعة النباتات المجاورة له واستجابة لهذه العوامل من حيث طبيعة النمو التحورات الشكلية والتشريحة الفيولوجي ونمط توزيعه المكاني التي تمكنة من النمو والتكاثر بنجاح في هذه البيئة.

د ا رسة مظهرية وتشريحية وكيميائية لنباتات جنس L. Bellis ( Asteraceae ( في ليبيا

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

د ا رسة مظهرية وتشريحية وكيميائية لنباتات جنس L. Bellis ( Asteraceae ( في ليبيا سهام, حمد سعد البدري يهدف هذا البحس الى دارسة تصنيفية مظهرية وتشريحية والتوزيع الجغ ا رفي والتعرف على المركبات الكيميائية المتواجدة في الوحدات التابعة لجنس Bellis الذي ينتمي للفصيلة المركبة او )النجمية( Asteraceae . في هذه الد ا رسة تم جمع العينات الحقلية وتحديد اماكن انتشارها في شرق وغرب ليبيا كذلك د ا رسة النبات مظهرياً من حيس فترة بقائو ولون النبات ووصف الجذور والسيقان والاو ا رق وصفا دقيقا ونوع الشعي ا رت وكثافتها باستخدام المجهر ثنائي العدسات ود ا رسة الج ا زء التكاثرية الزهرية. استخدم المجهر الإلكتروني الماسح SEM) ( لد ا رسة شكل وحجم حبوب اللقاح كما استخدم في د ا رسة شكل الثمار وحجمها وشكل النقوش على سطح السبسلاء والتي أظهرت أهمية كبير للتمييز بين الوحدات التصنيفية على مستوا أقل من النوع ولم تظهر د ا رسة سطح البذور أهمية تذكر بين الوحدات س المدروسة وباستخدام المجهر الضوئي تم تحديد نوع الثغور ود ا رسة التعرق في الاو ا رق التي بينت فروقات واضحة بين النوعين. كما تم دارسة التركيب الداخلي للنباتات قيد الد ا رسة ومن خلال فح المقاطع العرضية للساق والورقة والعنق وحامل النورة التى أظهرت اختلافات بين الوحدات المدروسة. إضافة إلى الد ا رسة المظهرية والتشريحية تناولت الد ا رسة تحديد المركبات الكيميائية المتواجدة في النباتات المدروسة ونسب تواجدها باستخدام الكواشف النوعية للمستخل الاسيتوني

تأثي ا رت المضادات البكتيرية لمستخلصات طحلب )الطحالب البنية( من شاطئ Cystoseira spp

2019-10-01T00:00:00Z

تأثي ا رت المضادات البكتيرية لمستخلصات طحلب )الطحالب البنية( من شاطئ Cystoseira spp سمية, فرج سالم تمت د ا رسة مستخلصات نوعين من الطحالب البنية Cystoseira compressa (Gerloffi and Nizamuddin, 1975) و ) Cystoseira crinite Duby,1930 ) (Desfonaines) التى تم تجميعهما من شاطئ توكرة لمعرفة تأثي ا رتهما المثبطة لنمو خمسة أنواع من البكتيريا Klebsiella pneumoniae, Esherichia coli, Staphylococcus) aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Streptococcus pyogenes (، تم استخدام خمسة أنواع من المذيبات العضوية المختلفة )الميثانول ،الإيثانول ، أسيتون ، ايثيل 051 و 911 ميكرولتر( مستخدمين ،011 ،51 ، استيت ، الهكسان(، وبت ا ركيز مختلفة ) 95 اق ا رص المضاد الحيوى Azithromycin15 AZM 15) ( كشاهد إيجابي والمذيب Dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO) ( كشاهد سلبي، واستخدم ايضا مولرهنتون ) M.H ( كوسط غذائي لاختبار حساسية البكتيريا للمستخلص الطحلبى والوسط Nutrient Agar ( (N.A لتنشيط البكتيريا المستخدمة ، تم اتباع طريقة الانتشار بالحفر ) Hole Plate Diffusion Method ) ف فى اختبار حساسية البكتيريا لمستخلصات الطحلب ) Cystoseira compressa و Cystoseira crinita ( التى تم تحضيرها بطريقة الاستخلاص على البارد.

A Study on the Bacteria and Fungi causing upper Respiratory Tract Infections(URTIs) in Children visiting Benghazi pediatric Hospital

2019-12-01T00:00:00Z

A Study on the Bacteria and Fungi causing upper Respiratory Tract Infections(URTIs) in Children visiting Benghazi pediatric Hospital Salma, Ahmad Alawami A total of 300 specimens of swabs were collected from patients who had upper respiratory tract infections for this study during a period of ( August, 2016 to June, 2017). The specimens were taken from outpatient department (OPD) of the Childrenʼs Hospital in Benghazi, Libya, from different areas of upper respiratory tract which were nose, tonsils and pharynx, aged between one year to 13 years. The data collected were analyzed with respect to age, sex and areas of upper respiratory tract. The study showed that all patients tested had a single microbial infection. Males constituted 172 patients (57%) while females were 128 (42.6 %) of infected subjects. The results of the bacterial growth showed that 297 samples of isolates (99%) were positive of growth while there was no growth of pathogens in three patients or (1%) of samples. The isolates were examined morphologically, by biochemical tests, API and BBL Streptocard. The infectious bacteria that appeared were: Staphylococcus aureus (31%), Streptococcus pyogenes (28.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (21.3%), Klebsiella pneunoniae (8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%), Escherichia coli (two isolates) and Bacillus cereus (two isolates), while Staphylococcus epidermidis (one isolate). The infectious fungi were Aspergillus niger (2.3%) and Candida albicans (0.3%).

Master Thesis Surface and Subsurface Structural Analysis of Al-Burdia Area, the Eastern Part of Marmarica Uplift, NE Libya.

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Surface and Subsurface Structural Analysis of Al-Burdia Area, the Eastern Part of Marmarica Uplift, NE Libya. Hasan, Z. Elshaafi Marmarica uplift extends approximately E-W along further the northeastern coastline of Libya and delimits the northeastern margin of Cyrenaica Platform. It is considered as structure inversion via the deformation of dextral strike-slip tectonics . Folds are recognized, based on their intensity and style, into three phases (F1, F2, and F3). F1 folds are the oldest and recorded in Al Majahir with Al Bayda formations. They recognized as overturned types with axis oriented approximately ENE-WSW and extends some of them for about 2km. F2 folds are developed at minor scale about 5.5km northwest of Al Burdia, in Al Faidiyah Formation. These folds are trending NE-SW with a general vergence SSE. Their styles are tight, overturned, open and asymmetric. F3 phase of folding is a major and represents the final phase of folding. It is plunging SW and ended by the present morphology of gentle and elongated folding during Oligocene to Miocene ages. Faults are most prominent in the study area and markedly concentrated in Al Burdia area and recognized by three main trends; the NW-SE dextral strike-slip faults (synthetic shears), N-S to NNE-SSW sinistral strike slip faults (antithetic shears), and E-W fault trends. Other array of the NNW-SSE normal faults are also encountered and run approximately perpendicular the folding axes. Kinematic indicators along these faults are documented in the field on the slickensides, flower structures, small scale of dextral and sinistral displacement, and pop up structure indicated that the sequence of faulting is initiated by pure wrenching and, in part, transpression in Late Cretaceous -Oligocene then continued with pure wrenching afterwards until the Miocene. Joints are distinguished into two types; shear and tensional joints. In the present area, the joints are regular and, sometimes, irregular and along their planes there are little or no displacements. Subsurface structural interpretation confirms the integration of surface structural analysis the inversion via strike-slip tectonics in Late Cretaceous

Master Thesis Submitted to Department of Earth Sciences, University of Benghazi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Submitted to Department of Earth Sciences, University of Benghazi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements Basem, Ali El-Werfalli The present work aims to characterize the mineralogy, geochemistry and environmental geochemistry of the beach sands along the Mediterranean Coast from Al Kuwifia to Tolmeita, NE Libya. The microscopic examination and SEM-EDX indicate abundance of carbonates, quartz, feldspars, glauconite and evaporites. Carbonate grains are mainly represented by biogenic grains made of aragonite and/or calcite. Quartz is mostly monocrystalline with uniform and undulatory extinction. It occurs either in the form of angular grains or as rounded grains. The former type is the more abundant. The detected evaporites are gypsum and halite. Feldspars, glauconite and heavy minerals are controlled by terra rossa and only detected in the eastern side of the studied beach, while they are lacking in the western side. The recorded heavy minerals are zircon, augite, tourmaline, rutile, biotite, garnet, monazite, titanite, hornblende, pistachite, magnetite, ilmenite, hematite, goethite, limonite and pyrite. Based on the mineral composition, two distinct types or groups of sediments were extracted. The major oxides CaO and MgO are the main constituents of the carbonate minerals; calcite and aragonite. SiO2 is mainly in the form of quartz. Sometimes a high quotient of SiO2 together with the oxides; Al2O3, K2O and partly of Na2O, TiO2 and Fe2O3 are essentially allocated within the structure of the feldspars. Part of Na2O and the content of Cl belong mainly to halite. Part of Fe2O3 and TiO2 may be accommodated as iron oxyhydroxides. Part of CaO and the content of SO3 are allotted within the gypsum structure. Ba, Sr, Th, U and REE are basically controlled by the carbonate fraction, while Cu, Zn, V and Cr are strongly correlated with Al2O3. The prevailing well oxidizing coastal environments are well expresses by the low authigenic uranium and low U/Th, V/Cr and Cu/Zn ratios. ΔCe values are not correlated with U and CaO contents, which suggest that the ΔCe values are not related to the paleoredox conditions. Metals analyzed in this study, except Cr and V in some locations, have EF > 2 suggesting that they are mainly of anthropogenic origin and that natural activities exert little influence on their abundances. The Igeo values suggest that the studied samples are unpolluted with Cu, Zn, V, Cr, Pb and Th, very lightly polluted to lightly polluted with As and lightly polluted with U.

Master Thesis Structural characteristics and analysis of jardas al jarari inlier the centrai part of al jabal al akhdar ne libya

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Structural characteristics and analysis of jardas al jarari inlier the centrai part of al jabal al akhdar ne libya Ahmed, . Ali Amin as prominent promontory of Late Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary belt overlooking the Mediterranean coast. The study area is chosen in the central part of this belt as it exhibits intense structural patterns and involves one of the Late Cretaceous inlier exposed within extensive outcrops of Tertiary sediments. However, the studied structures are re-assessed based on more detailed fieldwork, analysis of different kinematic shear indicators and whether the variations of both; the type of sedimentation and thickness of strata do occur. Upper Cretaceous-Oligocene sediments cover the present area and are represented from the oldest to youngest by these Formations: Al Majahir, Wadi Dukhan, Al Uwayliyah, Darnah, and Al Bayda. Elsewhere, these Formations are unconformably younger by Quaternary deposits. During Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Al Jabal Al Akhdar was a part of passive continental margin, it is considered as a large sedimentary basin in northeast Libya. By the end of the Cretaceous (mainly Santonian), this structure was inverted, in response of right-lateral shear, and the result was the uplift of Late Cretaceous sediments within Darnah and Al Baydah Formations (Eocene to Lower Oligocene) forming the inlier structure of Jardas Al Jarari. Late Cretaceous inversion was initiated with brittle shear deformation along E-W to WNW-ESE major dextral shear and enhanced with ductile shear forming a sequence of very tight and overturned F1 and F2 asymmetric open folds trending ENE-WSW and NE-SW respectively. At the final stage of Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary, the whole structure is themed with array of Riedel and conjugate Riedel shears along the NE-SW to NNE-SSW sinistral strike-slip faults and NW-SE dextral strike-slip faults, finally enveloped with the formation of E-W to NE-SW trending F3 major fold.

RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT PLANT RECEPTORS TO FURANONE.

2012-07-01T00:00:00Z

RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT PLANT RECEPTORS TO FURANONE. REHAB, I. E. AHMED Smoke act as a promoter of seed germination, that the active compound in it called butenolide 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one and this last effect on post germination and germination on different plant species. The present study reports on the effect of butenolide on seed germination and seedling growth on four plant species that are: Solanum lycopersicum L, Lens culinaris L, Lepidium Sativum L and Hordeum vulgare L. Study chromosomal abnormalities on Allium cepa L. tip roots. Results of seed germination and seedling growth showed significality different concentrations of butenolide had no effect on, Lepidium Sativum L. and Hordeum vulgare L., but; in the case of Solanum lycopersicum L. had a perfictal effect on seed germination and seedling growth. However Lens culinaris L. in both seed germination and seedling growth gave good results under low concentrations of butenolide. Tomato seeds soaking in different of butenolide solutions for 24 hours prior to planting, significantly improved root and fresh weight after 60 days, the number of leaves survival were also greater in some of butenolide treated plants. The effect on Allium cepa L.tip roots gave inhibition in Mitotic index (MI) at low concentrations of butenolide and appeared many different abnormalities chromosomes when the seeds soaking in different concentrations of butenolide such as: sticky metaphase, lagging chromosome, binucleated cell, Anaphase and Telophase bridge.

The Effect of Simulated Seawater on Two Ornamental Plant Species At Benghazi City

2022-02-01T00:00:00Z

The Effect of Simulated Seawater on Two Ornamental Plant Species At Benghazi City Raja, B. Al ferjani Salinity affects about one third of irrigated land, causing a significant reduction in crop productivity. For this reason researchers have paid considerable attention to this important environmental problem over the last decades. Few studies, however, have dealt specifically with ornamental plants used in landscapes, despite the fact that salt stress causes serious damage in these species. This study was carried out in Benghazi/ Libya. This study was conducted during spring-summer 2020, to determine the response of different ornamental like (Albizia Lebbeck and Acacia cyanophyla) plant species to different concentrations of simulated seawater and determine the resistant of plant species for different levels of salinity, the effect of simulated seawater on the morphological characteristics and growth rate of plant species also to access to the best mixing between fresh water and sea water and used it to irrigate ornamental plants and how to take advantage of the sea water under Libyan environmental conditions, the experiments was conducted at Benghazi university laboratory, five dilutions of simulated seawater were prepared 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20% , the experiment of both plants is including the same steps, with differences in number of days, both plants treated with the same procedures where seeds were surface-sterilized with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 12 minutes and rinsed with sterile distilled water several times then blotted using sterile paper towels. The experiment was repeated using different treatments including (potable water, sulfuric acid, boiled water and mechanical scarification method). 10 Seeds were plated on Petri dishes under aseptic conditions, incubated and maintained in the dark at 22±0.5°C, this process was in 3 replicates for each concentration, plates were watered as needed with 5 ml of each concentration, the number of germinated seeds was determined. Germinated seeds were counted daily for the calculations of daily and final germination percentages (G%), mean germination time (MGT) seedling xxi vigor index (SVI) was calculated, Obtained data were summarized in SPSS, and analyzed by ANOVA test to estimate the differences in the response to verities of sea water dilutions, followed by post hoc multiple comparison test, significance was accepted at P-values below 0.05 the confidence interval was set at 95%. The results of the study revealed that, mean germination time of both plants was slightly delayed with increased seawater concentrations ranging between (7-10 days) for Lebbeck and (12-18 days) for Acaica. Germination percentage of both plants decreased with increased seawater concentrations, at concentrations of (10% and 20%) no germination percentages which revealed that both plants not tolerate seawater concentrations. Seedling vigor index showed significant reduction at increased sea water concentration in both plants. This study revealed that both fresh and dry lengths of shoot and root were negatively affected by seawater concentrations, shoot were more sensitive to seawater concentrations than roots. Both fresh and dry weights of Lebbeck shoot systems were decreased with increased seawater concentrations and this decrease was significant. Both fresh and dry weights of Acacia root systems were decreased with increased seawater concentrations level, but this reduction was not significant compared with the control treatment. Decreased dry weights of roots revealed that did not tolerate seawater concentrations. Sulfuric acid pretreatment enhance germination of seeds of both plants even at higher concentrations (10% and 20%).

Risk Assessment of some Heavy Metals on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Risk Assessment of some Heavy Metals on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Hanan, AWAD ALI AL-AWJALI In recent decades, serious contamination of soils by heavy metals has been reported, which in turn transmitted to humans through the food chain. It is therefore a matter of urgency to develop a new and efficient technology for removing contaminants from soil. Another aspect to this problem is that environmental pollution decreases the biological quality of soil, which is why pesticides and fertilizers are being used in ever-larger quantities. The environmentally friendly solutions to these problems are phytoremediation, which is a technology that cleanses the soil of heavy metals, a process that helps to protect crops using natural plant compounds. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of some heavy metals such as Zn and Pb (individual and mixture) on Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato): on the seed germination, root/shoot growth (plant were grown for 30 days before transferring to experimental pots) and uptake of these metals and determined their concentration in different plant parts by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer at the end of this study. The selected metals were dosed at various concentrations ranging from 5, 10, 20 and 50 ppm in addition distilled water for control, to Irrigate plant. Data were statistically analyzed. Result shown that, the seed germination of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato) was found significantly affected by these metals, where it was decreased with increase of concentration this heavy metals. Root and shoot growth of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato) were found not significantly affected by these metals, concentration of both Zn and Pb in different parts of plant increased with increase the concentration of these metals in treatments, where Zn concentration was: Shoot > Root >Fruit but Pb concentration was: Root > Shoot > Fruit.

Detection and Identification of Hepatitis B,C and HIV viruses in Benghazi city

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Detection and Identification of Hepatitis B,C and HIV viruses in Benghazi city Hanan, Ishtiwi Abdullah Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV infections represent a global public health problem. Transmission of these viruses occurs via blood and blood products transfusion and by sexual contact (Lee, et al.2001) Today, along with tuberculosis and malaria, the infections by hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent the main problems in the world (Morteza,et al.2007) The infections caused by the three viruses are not curable even with the latest available treatments. Effective vaccine is available only for HBV (Zaied, et al.2010).

Screening , Isolation and Identification of some Wood Inhabiting Fungi on Five Different Forest Trees

2019-09-01T00:00:00Z

Screening , Isolation and Identification of some Wood Inhabiting Fungi on Five Different Forest Trees Hamdi, Mohammed Hamad The objective of this study to investigate wood decay ability and determination rate of decay in five different types of forest trees ; P. halepensis , C. sempervirens , P.atlantica, C. siliqua and E. macroryncha against four types of basidiomycetes fungus; S. hirsutum , I. hispidus , H . fasciculare and A. polytricha . The assessment of mass loss conducted according to the ASTM D 143-94. In this study the experiment were conducted based on five steps; cutting wood samples for fungal testing , preparation of media for culture , drying the specimens , distribution of test specimens and exposure to fungi and examination of the samples exposed to fungi . The mass loss of wood blocks was analyzed after five periods 2 ,3, 4, 5 and 6 months respectively. Whereas, all the fungus that were tested completely invaded woodblocks within two weeks . Our results showed variability in the wood degrading abilities . Interestingly, the natural resistance of the heartwood of C. sempervirens was highly resistant to all fungus that were tested. Whereas, the results of C. siliqua showed very low resistance to fungus degradation. Whoever, the most active and effective fungus among the tested species for C. siliqua was H . fasciculare which showed 31.94% loss . On the other hand, A. polytricha showed lowest activity on blocks degradation, which ranged between (5.528 to 16.91). The results of the present study reveal that there were differences in the wood decay capability of blocks according to the type of fungus were used .

A Study of otitis media among children in Benghazi's children hospital

2019-02-01T00:00:00Z

A Study of otitis media among children in Benghazi's children hospital Tahani, Ali Algadi Otitis media has a worldwide prevalence . Though it is more common in children, otitis media can result in severe complications like hearing impairment, death and severe disability due to central nervous system. This study was a survey to determine the microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) responsible for middle ear infection among 300 patients who had ear discharge and were visiting the children hospital in Benghazi city, during a period of 10 months (August 2016 to May 2017). The patients were aged between one month to twelve years. The highest incidence of infection (55.3%) was observed in the children aged between <1-2years. The infections were higher during the winter and Autumn months. A total of 293 positive cultures representing 7 bacteria species were identified and their susceptibility to various antibiotics was tested Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant (18.7%) pathogen isolated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (13.3%), Proteus mirabilis (10%), Streptococcus peneumoniae (7.3%), Klebsiella penumoniae (6%), Escherichia coli (5.7%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (5%).

Investigation of Allelopathic Potential of Acacia nilotica L. Different Parts (Bark, Leaves and Pod) on Some Plants

2016-05-21T00:00:00Z

Investigation of Allelopathic Potential of Acacia nilotica L. Different Parts (Bark, Leaves and Pod) on Some Plants Boodor, Abobaker Edrees Alshareef Set of experiments were conducted for evaluation of the allopathic effects of water extracts of different parts ( Bark, leaves and pods) of A. nilotica as well as soil extracts under canopy on seed germination and seedling development of two receptor species ( Cucumus sativus L. and Rphanus sativus L.) under different concentration. inhibitory effect of the different donor plant parts water extracts was ranked as follows: pod > leaf > bark. On the other hand, the germination percentage and seedling growth of investigated receptor species demonstrated a gradual decrease with applying higher concentration of the donor species as follows: Rphanus sativus > Cucumis sativus regardless of the different donor plant parts. Soil extracts at different distances from trunk had stimulatory effect at 2m and 5 m distance while at the edge soil extract showed inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling development m of both Cucumus sativus L. and Raphanus sativus L.

Master Thesis Petroleum Geochemistry of the Daryanah Formation in the offshore well Al-NC 128, Cyrenaica Basin, NE Libya

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Petroleum Geochemistry of the Daryanah Formation in the offshore well Al-NC 128, Cyrenaica Basin, NE Libya Abobakar, E. Algomati Petrographical and geochemical assessments of source rock (Darnah Shale) and reservoir (Darnah Limestone) in the offshore well Al-NC 128 in the Cyrenaica Basin were achieved in the present study. In the Darnah Shale, the biomarkers indicate the mixed inputs of aquatic plankton and terrigenous organic matter deposited under suboxic conditions. The kerogen is of types II/III and III. The source rock has a fair quality. The reservoir contains medium crude oil. This oil belongs to source rock of the Darnah Shale as proven by oil-source rock correlation. C1 is the main gas in the reservoir. Both crude oil and source rock are located in the immature window. The Darnah Reservoir has been charged with hydrocarbons in two different times. The middle shale can be considered a cap rock in the petroleum system of the Darnah Formation.

Master Thesis Geochemistry of the Al Jurf Formation in the Offshore Well C-NC 41, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Geochemistry of the Al Jurf Formation in the Offshore Well C-NC 41, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya Ibrahim, Abdalhadi Mohamed Eltekali The petrographical and geochemical evaluation of the black shales of the Al Jurf Formation in the offshore Well C-NC 41, Sabratah Basin, NW Libya, is the main objective of this work. Generally, the black shales of the Upper Member are considered as very good to excellent source rocks, while the black shales of the Lower Member have a fair quality. Smectite, illite, kaolinite, gibbsite, chlorite and mixed layer clays are the main clay minerals. The black shales are considered as mature sediments (ICV< 1). Semi-humid climate is prevalent during deposition. The black shales contain high contents of vitrinite and liptinite, with lesser amounts of inertinite. The organic matter is thermally mature. Kerogens of type II and II/III are predominant in the black shales. The proved depositional environment of the Al Jurf Formation is the suboxic marine.

Master Thesis Subsurface Reservoir Evaluation and Image Log Analysis of the Shaly-Sand Lower Acacus

2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Master Thesis Subsurface Reservoir Evaluation and Image Log Analysis of the Shaly-Sand Lower Acacus Abraheem, Ahmed Hasan Elmasli The Lower Acacus reservoir in the northeastern part of Ghadames Basin (Block-114) forms a tidally influenced deltaic system. Structural and stratigraphic cross-sections that were constructed using Petrel (Schlumberger Trademark) have shown a general thickening of the reservoir formation towards the north-northeast. Petrophysically, this reservoir is divided into three main units based on log characters; these are (Unit A, B, and C) with Unit A being at the bottom followed by B & C. The petrophysical analysis using IP (LIoyd’s Register Trademark) indicates that Lower Acacus reservoir is hydrocarbon bearing in the study area with very good reservoir parameters. Average volume of shale is around 25 percent, porosity ranges from 15 to 20 percent, and water saturation is around 35 percent in the oil wells. Hydrocarbon distribution and reservoir intervals are both mainly controlled by depositional facies and to a lesser extent by structural influence. Consequently, FMI and core images were analyzed using Techlog (Schlumberger Trademark) to define the main sedimentary structures in the available wells. These sedimentary structures were grouped into four main facies in order to delineate the vertical and lateral variation among the wells in the study area. The identified facies are heterolithic bedding, crossbedding sandstone, shaly-sand bedding, and laminated shale facies. The bioturbation activity on these facies might have a direct influence on the reservoir performance by destroying the rock primary fabric. However, the association of these facies reflect the tidal effect on the delta as supported by paleocurrent direction analysis. Additionally, the paleocurrent measurements from the cross-bedded facies show a dominant bimodal trend towards NW-SE, with modest polymodal and unimodal models.

TREE MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

TREE MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES EL-ALWANI, ABDULLAH M.; EL- AMMARI, SALAH S.

FRUIT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

FRUIT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES EL- AMMARI, SALAH S.; EL- ALWANI, ABDULLAH M.

Determination of Absorbed Dose Rates One Meter Above Ground Expressed in nGy/h from Average Activity Concentration of 40K, 238U-Series and 232th-Series in Soil from the North-East Region of Libya

2010-12-01T00:00:00Z

Determination of Absorbed Dose Rates One Meter Above Ground Expressed in nGy/h from Average Activity Concentration of 40K, 238U-Series and 232th-Series in Soil from the North-East Region of Libya El-Orfi, S.Y.; Imsallim, M.

Effect of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) Mixed Ligand Complexes on some Bacteria Causing Eyes Infections ( BCEI )

2017-01-07T00:00:00Z

Effect of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) Mixed Ligand Complexes on some Bacteria Causing Eyes Infections ( BCEI ) El-zweay, R. S; El-ajaily, M. M.; Salem, O. A.

TREE MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

TREE MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES EL-ALWANI, ABDULLAH M.; EL-AMMARI, SALAH S.

FRUIT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

FRUIT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM CULTIVARS GROWN IN THREE LIBYAN OASES EL- ALWANI, ABDULLAH M.; EL- AMMARI, SALAH S.

Yarkovsky Effect: Delivery of Asteroids to Near Earth Orbits

2017-05-27T00:00:00Z

Yarkovsky Effect: Delivery of Asteroids to Near Earth Orbits Alhasi, Awad S.; Mohamed, Rafa A.

Alluvial terraces as a measure of vertical movements and neotectonics: evidences from Wadi Zazah, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE Libya

2017-08-29T00:00:00Z

Alluvial terraces as a measure of vertical movements and neotectonics: evidences from Wadi Zazah, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE Libya Fares, Fares F.; Shaltami, Osama R.; Badi, Adli M.; EL Oshebi, Farag M.

Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Modifications of the Optical and Registration Properties of a CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector

2015-07-18T00:00:00Z

Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Modifications of the Optical and Registration Properties of a CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector Mohamed, R.A.; Hussein, M.; Al-Faitory, N.M.; Saad, A.F.

Geophysical Investigation of Land Subsidence North of Tazirbu Water Well Field, SE- Libya.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geophysical Investigation of Land Subsidence North of Tazirbu Water Well Field, SE- Libya. El-Shari, Saad M.

Study of the Optical Properties of Etched Alpha Tracks in Annealed and non-annealed CR-39 Polymeric Detectors

2013-12-03T00:00:00Z

Study of the Optical Properties of Etched Alpha Tracks in Annealed and non-annealed CR-39 Polymeric Detectors Mohamed, R.A.; Al-Faitory, N.M.; Saad, A.F.

Effect of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) Mixed Ligand Complexes on some Bacteria Causing Eyes Infections ( BCEI )

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Effect of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) Mixed Ligand Complexes on some Bacteria Causing Eyes Infections ( BCEI ) El-zweay, R. S.; El-ajaily, M. M.; Salem, O. A.; Maihub, A. A.

Impact of waste water discharge on the plant diversity and community structure of Al-Marj Plain, Libya

2015-07-16T00:00:00Z

Impact of waste water discharge on the plant diversity and community structure of Al-Marj Plain, Libya Alhasi, Sabah M.; El-Barasi, Yacoub M.; Awad, Mohamed A.; Ahmed, Dalia A.; Fawzy, Manal; Shaltout, Kamal H.

Libyan Journal of Science & Technology

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Libyan Journal of Science & Technology EL Oshebi, Farag M.; Badi, Adli M.; Shaltami, Osama R.; Fares, Fares F.

Thermal Slip Effect on Heat Transfer Falkner-Skan Boundary Layer Flow over a Moving Wedge

2016-11-05T00:00:00Z

Thermal Slip Effect on Heat Transfer Falkner-Skan Boundary Layer Flow over a Moving Wedge Mamat, Mustafa; Bashir, Muatazz Abdolhadi

Growth of nanocrystalline thin films of metal sulfides [CdS, ZnS, CuS and PbS] at the water–oil interface

2015-05-01T00:00:00Z

Growth of nanocrystalline thin films of metal sulfides [CdS, ZnS, CuS and PbS] at the water–oil interface Thomas, John

Evaluation of Ki-67 And P53 Expression In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma By Immunohistochemistry And Studying Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features And Prognosis

2017-05-27T00:00:00Z

Evaluation of Ki-67 And P53 Expression In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma By Immunohistochemistry And Studying Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features And Prognosis Alhasi, Awad S.; Mohamed, Rafa A.

Ultraviolet radiation-induced modifications of the optical and registration properties of a CR-39 nuclear track detector

2015-07-18T00:00:00Z

Ultraviolet radiation-induced modifications of the optical and registration properties of a CR-39 nuclear track detector Mohamed, R.A.; Hussein, M.; Al-Faitory, N.M.; Saad, A.F.

Geophysical Investigation of Land Subsidence North of Tazirbu Water Well Field, SE- Libya

2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geophysical Investigation of Land Subsidence North of Tazirbu Water Well Field, SE- Libya El-Shari, Saad M.

Study of the optical properties of etched alpha tracks in annealed and non-annealed CR-39 polymeric detectors

2013-12-03T00:00:00Z

Study of the optical properties of etched alpha tracks in annealed and non-annealed CR-39 polymeric detectors Mohamed, R.A.; Al-Faitory, N.M.; Saad, A.F.

Normal and abnormal porosity-depth relationship of tertiary rocks in Soluq depression, NE-Libya.

2017-02-20T00:00:00Z

Normal and abnormal porosity-depth relationship of tertiary rocks in Soluq depression, NE-Libya. El-Shari, Saad M.

Analysis of Retrosternal Goiter among Thyrodectomized Patients in Benghazi

2016-03-06T00:00:00Z

Analysis of Retrosternal Goiter among Thyrodectomized Patients in Benghazi Abuzalout, Tawfik; Eltaktuk, Salah; El Taleb, Saed

Modified Nucleosides (Pro-Tide) as Potential Anti-HCV Therapeutics

2017-04-20T00:00:00Z

Modified Nucleosides (Pro-Tide) as Potential Anti-HCV Therapeutics Dakhil, O.; Elsharif, N. A.